An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibodies against Toxocara vitulorum in water buffaloes

Toxocara vitulorum, a parasite of the small intestine of cattle and water buffaloes, is mainly acquired by calves via the colostrum/milk from infected cows. To understand the development of immune responses in calves, antibody levels to a soluble extract antigen (Ex) from T. vitulorum infective larvae were measured by an indirect ELISA with sera of 15 buffalo calves, which were sampled every 15 days for the first 180 days after birth and 9 buffalo cows during the perinatal period. From all serum samples examined during the first 180 days, antibody level was lowest and highest in calves at 1 day of age before and after suckling colostrum, respectively, suggesting that the origin of antibodies was the colostrum. Immediately after birth, antibody levels in suckled calves remained at high levels until day 15, began to decrease to lower levels between 15 and 30 days and remained relatively stable until 120 days. By comparing the immune responses of these animals with their parasitological status it was considered possible to determine if passively acquired or actively produced antibodies provided protection against the infection. High numbers of T. vitulorum eggs in the feces between 30 and 60 days indicated that passively acquired antibodies did not provide protection against the infection, at least during these first days, and the maximum fecal egg counts during 30-45 days were coincident with decreased antibody levels. Between 60 and 120 days, when serum antibodies were detected at reduced, but stable levels, adult nematodes were expelled from the intestines and no more T. vitulorum eggs were found, suggesting development of acquired resistance. However, the potential and functional protective role of the antibodies against T. vitulorum infection and the process of self-cure requires further investigation. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Magneto Immunoassays for Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-Rich Protein 2 Related to Malaria based on Magnetic Nanoparticles

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Neonatal immune response of Brazilian beef cattle to vaccination with Clostridium botulinum toxoids types C and D by indirect ELISA

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy to detect anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody in blood sera of domestic cats: quantitative analysis based on partial least-squares multivariate statistics

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Rabbit antibody responses to experimental infestation with Dermatobia hominis.

The three larval stages of Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus) have been evaluated for their immunogenicity by ELISA and immunodiffusion (ID) using sera from experimentally infested rabbits. During a primary infestation, first instar D. hominis were found to cause most reaction and allowed the earliest diagnosis by ELISA. An inhibition of the antibody response against second and third instars was observed. The inhibition disappeared after departure of the larvae from the host. In experimentally immunized hosts the antibody response, following challenge, was highest against second and third instar antigens. Antibody remained elevated during the infestation but fell immediately after the larvae had left the host.

Evaluation of an indirect ELISA method for the detection of chicken antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against babesia boris in cattle

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

IgG, IgM and IgA antibody response for the diagnosis and follow-up of paracoccidioidomycosis: Comparison of counterimmunoelectrophoresis and complement fixation

IgG, IgM and IgA antibodies to GP43 (glycoprotein fraction of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis) were measured by ELISA in 63 samples from 23 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis before and twice after chemotherapy was started. Antibodies against P. brasiliensis were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) (IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and complement fixation. Two control groups composed of 19 healthy individuals and 12 patients with other diseases (six with histoplasmosis, three with tuberculosis and three with other mycoses). The highest efficiency percentages were found with IgG and IgA- ELISA (100%), IgG-IF (96.2%), CIE (94.4%) and the lowest with CF (75.9%). Highest positive and negative predictive values (100%) were observed for IgG and IgA ELISA. IgG and IgM-ELISA antibodies are more often found in patients with acute than chronic disease (P = 0.01). Four to six months after treatment follow-up showed decreased levels of IgG and IgM-ELISA for acute cases and decreased titres of CIE for chronic cases in relation to pretreatment levels. This study suggests that IgG-ELISA anti-GP43 represents a good marker to monitor clinical response to therapy.

Antibody and cytokine serum levels in patients subjected to anti-rabies prophylaxis with serum-vaccination

Rabies is considered a fatal disease once clinical symptoms have developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological aspects and immune response in patients attacked by domestic and wild animals and subjected to post-exposure rabies treatment with equine serum and associated vaccine. Thirty-three patients were evaluated; they were between 13 and 65 years old, 75.8% were male and 24.2% female, and from the Botucatu neighborhood. Twenty healthy control individuals with the same age range were also studied. Specific antibodies to equine immunoglobulins and IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 production were evaluated by ELISA. IgM, IgE, IgG and subclasses, and rabies virus antibodies serum levels were determined by nephelometry and seroneutralization methods, respectively. No anaphylactic or serum sickness allergic reactions were observed in patients after treatment. Anti-equine IgG levels were significantly higher than those of IgM after 14 and 28 days of treatment. Protective antibodies to rabies virus > 0.5 UI/ml were detected in 84.6% and 75% of patients at days 14 and 28, respectively. IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-10 levels in patients before and 48h after treatment were significantly higher than in controls suggesting that both Th1 and Th2 cells were activated in the patients. Serum IgM levels were higher at day 14, and IgG 2 and IgE levels were higher at day 28 of treatment. These results suggest that post-exposure rabies treatment in humans induces significant alterations in patient immune response characterized by increased levels of cytokines, serum levels of specific rabies virus antibodies, and the equine serum components employed in the treatment.

Broiler breeder feeding programs and trace minerals on maternal antibody transfer and broiler humoral immune response

Breeder feed restriction may negatively affect broiler progeny immunity. Sources of trace minerals (TM) with higher bioavailability in breeder diets have been reported to enhance humoral and cellular immunity in broiler progeny. An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of breeder feeding programs and TM dietary sources on maternal antibody transfer and humoral immune response of progeny to a live vaccine against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Cobb 500 breeders were fed according to 2 feed allocation programs, sigmoid late fast and sigmoid late slow, from 14 to 29 wk of age. From 56 to 62 wk of age, breeders were fed with either inorganic TM or an organic source (OTM) to replace 30% of Cu, Zn, and Mn. Progeny broilers were vaccinated intraocularly with La Sota NDV vaccine at 7 d of age. Blood samples were collected at hatching, 4, and 14 d postvaccination. Serum antibody levels against NDV were assessed by ELISA and cytokine expression by real time PCR. At hatching, late slow breeder progeny fed diets with 30% OTM had higher antibody titers as compared with progeny of breeders fed 100% inorganic TM. Similar results were observed 2 wk postvaccination. Breeder feeding programs and TM sources affected the expression level of IL-4 in NDV vaccinated broiler progeny. It was concluded that breeder feeding programs influenced humoral immune response to NDV vaccine in the broiler progeny, and 30% OTM may increase these responses. © 2013 Poultry Science Association, Inc.

Comparação entre os métodos de ELISA, imunofluorescência indireta e imunocromatografia para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diagnóstico da leishmaniose visceral canina pelas técnicas de imunoistoquímica e PCR em tecidos cutâneos em associação com a Rifi e Elisa-teste

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Avaliação do teste ELISA durante o tratamento de pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose: comparação com a imunofluorescência indireta e a micro-imunodifusão dupla em gel de ágar

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB

Soroprevalência de anticorpos e padronização do teste ELISA sanduíche indireto para 19 tipos de arbovírus em herbívoros domésticos

A região Amazônica brasileira mantém a maior variedade de arbovírus e o estado do Pará corresponde a 26% desse território, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência e a distribuição de anticorpos detectados por inibição de hemaglutinação (IH) para 19 arbovírus em herbívoros domésticos no estado do Pará e padronizar testes de ELISA sanduíche indireto em equinos, bovinos, bubalinos e ovinos. Em todas as espécies de animais estudadas e em todo estado do Pará ocorreu detecção de anticorpos para todos os arbovírus analisados dentre os quais os SLEV, ILHV, EEEV, MAGV e WEEV apresentaram maior prevalência de anticorpos IH, sendo o SLEV o mais prevalente. Na detecção de anticorpos para diferentes famílias de arbovírus o MAGV foi o mais prevalente da família Bunyaviridae em todas as espécies, o SLEV foi o mais prevalente da família Flaviviridae em todas as espécies, na família Togaviridae o EEEV foi mais prevalente em equinos. Ao analisar a prevalência de anticorpos IH por espécie animal foi observado que os equinos não apresentaram diferença significativa em relação aos bubalinos, porém, apresentaram diferença significativa maior em comparação aos bovinos e ovinos, não havendo diferença significativa entre as espécies de ruminantes. O uso de ELISA IgG sanduíche indireto apresentou grande frequência de reações sorológicas cruzadas entre as famílias de arbovírus estudadas.

Prevalence of human T cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) antibody among populations living in the Amazon region of Brazil (preliminary report)

Prevalence of human T cell leukemia virus-I (HTLV-I) antibody among populations living in the Amazon region of Brazil (preliminary report)NakauchiC. M.LinharesA. C.MaruyamaK.KanzakiL. I.MacedoJ. E.AzevedoV. N.CassebJ. S. R. Fundação Serviços de Saúde Pública, Seção de Vírus, Instituto Evandro Chagas Belém Brasil Chiba Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology Chiba Japan Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brasil Instituto Offir Loyola Belém Brasil Faculdade Estadual de Medicina Belém Brasil 0319908512933Forty-tree (31.4%) out of 137 serum samples obtained from two Indian communities living in the Amazon region were found to be positive for HTLV-I antibody, as tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). Eighty-two sera were collected from Mekranoiti Indians, yielding 39% of positivity, whereas 11 (20.0%) or the 55 Tiriyo serum samples had antibody to HTLV-I. In addition, positive results occurred in 10 (23.2%) out of 43 sera obtained from patients living in the Belem area, who were suffering from cancer affecting different organs. Five (16.7%) out of 30 Elisa positive specimens were also shown to be positive by either Western blot analysis (WB) or indirect immunogold electron microscopy (IIG-EM).