O funcionamento da comunidade discursiva constituída em torno das fanfictions

Dans le contexte du cyberespace, il peut voir qu'il ya beaucoup de jeunes qui produisent des histoires de fiction en fonction de leurs univers de fiction préférés; ceux-ci sont les fanfictions. Il est remarqué, encore, qu'il ya, autour de les fanfictions, l'organisation d'une communauté discursive - constituée par des pratiques discursives de ficwriters (producteurs de fanfictions), lecteurs, betareaders (examinateurs de fanfictions) et webmistresses (administrateurs des sites ou des blogs qui publient les fanfictions). Une de ces pratiques, qui est devenu très fréquent, est le manuel de comme de faire des fanfictions. Nous cherchons, dans cette dissertation, à analyser le fonctionnement de la communauté constituée autour de les fanfictions et, plus spécifiquement, comment les ficwriters, que sont membres de cette communauté, traitent des manuels de fanfictions. Le corpus de notre recherche est essentiellement constitué par fanfictions sur Harry Potter, publiée dans les sites Floreios e Borrões et Niah fanfiction, et des textes qui se disent comme " manuel de comme de faire des fanfictions ", trouvé dans les sites et les blogs liée à fanfictions. Pour analyser ces textes, nous nous servons fondamentalement de concepts postulés par Dominique Maingueneau dans les livres Gênese dos Discursos (2008b) et Discurso Literário (2009). Notre hypothèse est que les manuels de fanfictions sont un moyen d'institutionnaliser les signes d'appartenance de communauté discursive formée autour de les fanfictions, et que cette tentative d'institutionnalisation laisse des traces dans le fonctionnement de l'instance de inscripteur: les ficwriters se positionner par rapport à ces manuels – que, dans une certaine mesure, de normaliser l'espace de l'interlangue - pour constituer le code langagier de votre fanfictions, qui affirme les signes d'appartenance dans cette communauté.

«We need more women in managerial jobs» – Gender equality and management in the Nordic context : Deconstruction and critical perspectives

Focusing on the Nordic context, this article highlights complexities between gender equality discourse established at the societal level and discursive practice in organizations, particularly in relation to management, managing and managers. This research task is carried out by deconstructing a management text, and grounding the deconstruction in critical feminist literature. This analysis illustrates how managerial discourse is challenged and questioned by pro-egaliterian arguments in the Nordic context. However, it also demonstrates the pervasiveness of the gendered elements in managerial discourse, which relies on specific conceptions of parenthood where motherhood is constructed as problematic whereas fatherhood remains absent – and thus unproblematic. It is suggested that the ‘Nordic case’ provides a fruitful basis for similar studies in other societal contexts in Europe.

Práticas institucionais/discursivas acerca dos cuidados com os bebês prematuros e/ou de baixo peso: o programa canguru

The Kangaroo Program was implemented in Brazil in 2000 through the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde SUS) sustained with a humanized rethoric of health care assistance. This program adopts the skin-to-skin contact contributing to the mother-infant bond, breastfeeding and promoting security in mother s care. The users of SUS are encouraged to live in the maternity ward to follow the baby health improvement. However, it was verified in previous observations that mothers participation in the Kangaroo Program has been done through an imposed practice. Therefore, this study intended to understand the texts that permeate the kangaroo practice. This research was developed through two studies: 1) an historic exploration of motherhood concept and an analysis of how the motherhood is presented in the official document that orients the program; 2) an analysis of institutional dynamic of Kangaroo Program, emphasizing the study about the health workers everyday practice, the mothers view about their life in the maternity wards, and the attendance practice. It is highlighted that the relation between this two studies allowed the comprehension abouthow the official discourses can influence the health workers behaviors and how their viewpoint and position can shape the everyday work in a public health program. This research, supported by Institutional Ethnography, considers that people s practices and experiences are socially organized and shaped by broad social forces. The discourse method was used in the documental analysis and in the analysis of qualitative data from empiric research. The research showed that the kangaroo program has been an excellent way to save resources and to improve some baby s biologic and psychological aspects. However, this program has failed to consider the social, economic and cultural complexity of mothers and the structural limitation of the health care system. The official document uses the economic and medical approach, following the hegemonic biomedical model and the life style of the people that don t use the public health system. Consequently, the program has not been successful because it is planned without people participation. On the other hand, it was verified that although some professionals are committed with their work, the mainly does not consider mothers participation as an active process, using the institutional power as a social control to keep mothers uninformed about the possibility to leave the maternity wards. As a result, the research also showed that mothers perceive the program as mandatory and not as option that can improve pleasure moments. It is, therefore, necessary to consider the complex social determinants of health that can increase mothers participation in the Kangaroo Program. Bringing these issues into debate can be a reflective exercise on citizenship and governance, allowing spaces for the improvement of public health programs

Práticas de leitura contemporâneas: representações discursivas do leitor inscritas na revista Veja

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Resonancias discursivas y cortesía en prácticas de lecto-escritura

In this paper we present a study of reading comprehension based on a contrastive argumentative-discursive approach. We examine the relationship between linguistic materiality and discursive processes, observing the connection between reading in a foreign language, writing production and textual memories in the mother tongue. In addition to an interest in practical language teaching and learning processes (in this case of Spanish and Portuguese), we investigate the question of politeness and the theoretical relationship between subjectivity, language, and textuality. The latter, being understood as the result of discourse regularities, is unique for each and every production, yet is also conditioned by plural discursive memories resulting from contradictory social relationships in a specific historical context (Foucault, 1986; Pêcheux, 1990). In the experiment presented here, we follow some of the procedures of the methodology applied in the European Galatea Project developed for the study of reading strategies in the inter-comprehension between Romance languages (Dabène, 1996). We use the procedure of simulation and the subjective projection of participants as well as the notion of discursive resonance in the analysis. The results, having to do with directness and indirectness in speech and the question of politeness in two typologically close languages, lead to the conclusion that the concept of politeness goes beyond a pragmatic strategy used to avoid conflicts to be approached as a marker of cultural identity constitution. The relevance of discursive awareness and its theoretical and practical consequences are then emphasized.

Relações entre conteúdo e forma de conhecimentos e práticas pedagógicas em Geociências: imaginário de futuros professores numa disciplina de licenciatura

Pesquisas e reflexões sobre ensino, história e epistemologia das Ciências da Terra têm sido desenvolvidas, em grande parte, intimamente associadas às práticas docentes dos professores/pesquisadores universitários. Nessa mesma perspectiva, buscamos neste trabalho compreender relações que os estudantes de licenciatura em Geografia estabelecem entre o conteúdo/forma trabalhado numa disciplina universitária e o conteúdo/forma profissional, ou seja, pensado na relação com a escola básica, com o tornar-se professor. As respostas dos estudantes a uma questão por nós formulada indicou como eles representaram uma das atividades desenvolvidas na disciplina na relação com seu imaginário sobre ser professor da educação básica. As análises mostraram também que essas significações se produzem de maneiras muito diferentes entre os estudantes, fazendo intervir no imaginário a partir do qual essas significações se produzem, aspectos da memória escolar de alguns estudantes e da maneira como representam o conhecimento escolar e as práticas de ensino na disciplina Geografia da educação básica. As análises mostraram que a atividade não é transparente quanto ao que seja o "conteúdo" de ensino da atividade, posto que essas significações são o trabalho de diferentes memórias discursivas, implicado em diferentes posições-aluno. Este estudo aponta para a importância de considerar e para a possibilidade de trabalhar com os imaginários dos futuros professores sobre ensino na relação que estabelecem com os conteúdos/formas em suas disciplinas científicas universitárias.

Interactividade entre Práticas e Aprendizagens de Estruturas Discursivo-Textuais no Ensino Básico – o discurso epistolar

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Linguística – Especialidade do Discurso e do Texto

Entre "o céu e a areia": turismo, viagens e expedições. Mapeando discursos e práticas sobre a Mauritânia

A situação periférica da Mauritânia na cartografia dos interesses imperiais, mas também na cartografia dos circuitos e interesses do turismo contemporâneo, foi o mote para esta dissertação. Nela se procura estruturar uma genealogia das construções discursivas sobre o país, produzidas pelo ocidente, com especial incidência para a forma como o território foi promovido turisticamente. Através de uma aproximação fundamentalmente cronológica, esta genealogia é construída num primeiro momento a partir da análise de narrativas de diversos tipos (mapeamento, conquista, viagens, etc.) que se produziram sobre a Mauritânia desde o século XV até ao século XX. O segundo momento de construção desta genealogia incide sobre a forma como a Mauritânia foi promovida turisticamente no quadro das colónias da África Ocidental Francesa. Aí se explora o seu “estatuto periférico” através da análise de guias e brochuras turísticas, mas também através da forma como o território foi exibido nas exposições coloniais realizadas na metrópole. Num terceiro momento, a ênfase é posta na forma como foi organizado o sector do turismo na Mauritânia pós-colonial, e procura-se aferir da operacionalidade da “nostalgia colonial” associada ao deserto enquanto principal atractivo turístico do país. Finalmente, e a partir de dados etnográficos e da realização de entrevistas recolhidas em Nouakchott, pretende-se reflectir sobre a actual crise no sector turístico mauritano, bem como sobre as reconfigurações sociais concomitantemente operadas por esta crise.

Práticas ecumênicas de mulheres metodistas na Revista Voz Missionária

Este artigo, resultado de pesquisa documental, apresenta uma narrativa sobre as práticas ecumênicas de mulheres do metodismo brasileiro e discorre sobre as formas discursivas por elas adotadas para o alcance de um público mais amplo. Tais práticas ganharam ímpeto quando as missionárias norte-americanas passaram a organizar seus colégios no Brasil. Para organizar as escolas, professoras, diretoras e monitoras tiveram que estabelecer diálogos e acordos políticos com presbiterianos, batistas, luteranos, e inclusive com católicos apostólicos romanos, conversando e convencendo políticos de várias igrejas. Cantaram, oraram e pregaram juntas. As mulheres metodistas fizeram isso nas escolas e também nas instituições filantrópicas. Nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, as práticas ecumênicas dessas mulheres ganharam as páginas da revista Voz Missionária, documento-base dos recortes utilizados para a presente análise.

Sujeitos e atores sociais nas representações discursivas de docentes da rede estadual de ensino em Sergipe: uma análise crítica em tempos de Ideb

According to the studies in Applied Linguistics, this thesis is based on an interdisciplinary perspective (Critical Discourse Analysis, Sociology towards Social Change, Cultural Studies and Systemic-Functional Linguistics). The overall objective of the research was to analyze the discourses of Elementary School teachers in the state of Sergipe, by means of the discursive representations of the social actors, the processes of subjectivity and their fragmented identities in the context of standardized evaluations before the requirements of globalized pedagogical practices, based on the result-based management. The critical analysis of such discourses was motivated by the rapid pace with which the demands of innovation become part of the classroom, aiming at reaching the target in what concerns the indexes of the rankings which characterize the globalized discourse of the national education management, like Ideb (Basic Education Development Index), which makes teachers change their discourses, become silent or keep resistant. The work was initially endorsed by the theoretical lines of the Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001, 2006), and poses a proposal for such purpose: the ASCD Discourse Sociological and Communicative Approach (PEDROSA, 2012, 2013). This is an interpretative-qualitative study of the Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001, 2003; RAMALHO ; RESENDE, 2011) and to carry it out, semi-structured interviews were used as instruments of data generation (BAUER; GASKELL, 2011; GILL, 2011). Its corpus is composed of thirteen accounts of teachers from the Elementary school who teach Portuguese and work in the fifteen schools which were chosen to be the universe of the research at the Regional Board of Education (02) in the state of Sergipe. Such narratives are related to their impressions, expectations and actions which favor the management of results to which they have to submit themselves. The analytical overview of sociological and discursive line comes from the pan-semiotic categories (Inclusion and Exclusion) which appear in the theory of Representation of Social Actors (VAN LEEUWEN, 1997, 2008). To present the processes of subjectivity of these teachers, this work is based on the socio-analytical proposal of the classification of the subjects, which stems from the individual s work in the Gestão Relacional de Si , which comes from the Applied Sociology (towards) Social Change (BAJOIT, 2006, 2009). The discursive analyses were guided word for word, in their majority, by having the Systemic Functional Grammar as their theoretical basis, specifically by the processes of the Transitivity System postulated by Halliday, (1985); Halliday and Mathiessen, (2004); Eggins (2004); Cunha and Souza (2011). The work makes the field of Cultural Studies emerge towards the dialogue and the presentation of the fragmented identities of the teachers in the context of late modernity (GIDDENS, 2002; HALL, 2011). The thesis promoted a reflection over the teacher s condition, who is immerse in this context of knowledge construction of the present Brazilian educational system, the standardized evaluations, the indexes of development, the targets and the rankings. The considerations and outcomes of such a research dealt with the teachers emerging social practices and the need of planned initial and continuing teacher education towards the new moment which is foreseeable

Mídia e produção de sentido: a reconfiguração da indústria da música e as estratégias discursivas da associação cultural DoSol

This dissertation aims to analyse discursive strategies from Dosol in order to understand the present elements to keep its audience and the marketing activities. Based on French line of discourse analysis We look into the articles posted on its website at http://www.dosol.com.br within 2010 and We foment dialogues among music, media and communications researchers. Participant observation is slightly used on the critical perception and views of researched object to confront situations and step up, with theorists, the major part of closing remarks. The obtained results indicate a website speech paved on afirmative policies and social capital, trying to keep/seduce its audience with the efect of the intended credibility meaning. The economic factor wanders the speech so often that the speaker assumes a entrepreneur/cultural producer. As a niche market, Dosol assumes a main role in music industry for releasing the regional and local cultural production. On the other hand, it is noticeable that its sustainability and media visibility, as it is seen today, depends on the laws tor promote Culture, what denotes a lack of a regional cultural policies to medium and long term at Rio Grande do Norte

O Sumário das Armadas: guerras, missão e estratégias discursivas na conquista da Paraíba

Las últimas décadas del siglo XVI estuvieron marcadas por una serie de guerras en la región al norte de la capitanía de Itamaracá, que en ese momento representaba el límite septentrional de la colonización portuguesa en las Capitanías del Norte de Brasil. Las fuerzas políticas y militares de la capitanía de Pernambuco y de la própria Itamaracá, misioneros jesuitas, indios, negros y mestizos participaron en varias expediciones militares a la región del rio Paraíba, ganándolo a finales de 1585 y dando la configuración de una nueva capitanía: la capitanía de río Paraíba. Esta era una historia que los sacerdotes de la Compañía de Jesús han escrito con las marcas de heroísmo, de fe y también de fuerza contra los indios y los franceses que se oponían al delantero portugués en esa región, que desde el punto de vista de la historiografía, representa un paso importante en el proceso de conquista y ocupación colonial de la costa noreste de Brasil. Esta tesis es sobre este acontecimiento histórico: sobre los hombres que lucharon en uno y otro lado del río Paraíba, sobre las formas discursivas empleadas en la representación escrita de este evento y sobre la trayectoria histórica del discurso de la conquista, cuando tomado en las modernas prácticas historiográficas

Nos tempos do blackout: cena musical, práticas urbanas e a ressignificação da Rua Chile, Natal-RN

This study aims to analyze the process of resignification of Chile Street, in Natal, from the development of a music scene in the late 1990s. Chile Street, as part of the Historic Centre of Natal, had its images constructed from the discursive practices and everyday life of its regular visitors, leading to a series of symbolic and imaging transformations throughout the twentieth century. Initially transformed into glamorous space as a result of urban actions of the new republic of Albuquerque Maranhão, in the early twentieth century, Ribeira and Chile Street, specifically, came to be seen as bohemian area, during the war time"; followed by a marginal phase, it was eventually transformed into the main rocker area of Natal, with the development of a musical scene in the second half of the 1990s. This music scene, its practices, economic interests, cultural events and identity ties created among their practitioners made Chile Street, "in the time of Blackout night club", an "alternative" space. As the historic centers, inserted in the logic of postmodern city marketing, both spaces are dynamic in their practices, as in their images, Chile Street also suffered changes in its meanings and symbols, around the year 2000 when the alternative-underground space became a pop space, where people from various parts of the city began attending its events and places, transforming it into a point of very heterogeneous sociability

Práticas dialógicas em sala de aula: condição fundante do sujeito letrado

This research intend to situate the process of literacy as a practice interlocutive acquisition of written language, through which students interact with each other and the teacher, and through these interactions are constituted as a subject of dialogue and history. So he had as an aim to investigate through the key concepts of dialogism Bakhtin and discourse analysis, the possibilities of teaching and learning of reading and writing, using language in use, showing the dialogical practices in order to demonstrate that the verbal interactions that result from the actual discursive situations, actually originated in the classroom, from working with the genre can guide the teaching of reading and writing and its social use. Therefore, I base this research on the methodological framework of literature and field. This takes place in view of observed teaching practice related to the early years of literacy and, therefore, to investigate such activities are carried out that reading and writing during the teaching of mother tongue, as are utilized practices of orality and literacy in room classroom and, even if the teacher makes use of this type of language for the acquisition of written language. The results of analysis of data collected by the instruments used, namely, questionnaires, systematic observation and textual production of the students, point to the fact that the literacy teaching practices, classroom researched are far from forming a student literate because the fact of the teachers surveyed knew not the key content for teaching the language, means that they will lead to literacy, from the point of view of language as a monologic process.

Produções discursivas do horror: materialidade fílmica e memória na trilogia de Zé do Caixão

Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR