954 resultados para Non-verbal Communication


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RESUMO: A presente investigação erige como objective inicial predizer as potencialidades/qualidades avaliativas da Grelha de Observação (Louro, 2005), realçando os diferentes comportamentos, a nível verbal e não-verbal, presentes em tribunal, relativamente aos arguidos, vítimas, testemunhas e juízes, num conjunto 34 julgamentos presenciados, no tribunal da Boa-Hora, 4ª Vara Criminal. Nesta medida, foram preenchidas 249 grelhas em contexto judicial, 190 do sexo feminino e 59 do sexo masculino, das quais, 43 grelhas referiam-se a arguidos dispostos 34 julgamentos, devido ao facto de haver julgamentos com mais do que um arguido; 14 a vítimas, dado a maior parte dos julgamentos a vítima fazer-se representar pelo Ministério Público; 108 a testemunhas e 73 grelhas aplicadas a 4 juízes presidentes de cada colectivo. Verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas no que toca aos comportamentos verbal e não verbal apresentados pelas personagens judiciais. Os resultados foram apoiados e discutidos com base na literatura revista. ABSTRACT: The present investigation aims at predicting the evaluative potential/quality of the Grelha de Observação (Louro, 2005), highlighting the different behaviors (verbal and non-verbal) displayed in a court of law, regarding the arguidos, victims, witnesses and judges, in a set of 34 observed trials at the court of Boa-Hora, “4rd” Vara Criminal. Therefore, 249 grills were filled in judicial contxt, 190 females and 59 males, from which, 43 grills were arguidos from the 34 trials (in some trials, there were more than one arguido); 14 regarding victims, since most trials she is represented by the public prosecution service; 108 witnesses and 73 grills were applied to 4 judges presidents from each collective jury. Statistically significant differences were found for the comparison between judicial characters for verbal and non-verbal behavior. The results were supported and discussed from the revised literature.

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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade Educação Especial

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Mestrado (PES II) em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.

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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para a obtenção de grau de Mestre em Didática da Língua Portuguesa no 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

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The objective of this work is to present elements of the project Student engagement in Schools (SES). The team consists of 10 researchers from six Universities. Student engagement in schools is a multidimensional construct that unites affective, behavioural, and cognitive dimensions of student adaptation in the school and has influence on students’outcomes. The team of researchers conceptualized two major studies, a differential study to analyze the relations between SES and contextual factors, personal factors, student’s outcomes, and a quasi-experimental study to analyze the effects on SES of a specific intervention programmes. In study 1, the sample size is around 600 students (150 6th graders, 150 7th graders, 150 9th graders, and 150 10th graders). We shall focus on years of school transition, with rural and urban populations, on different regions of the country, and on students with different family background. We shall conduct questionnaires with national and international scales. The study 2 will involve students in 7th and 9th grade, from four classes, two of the experimental group and two of the control group. Patterns of verbal communication between a teacher and students can influence the classroom environment and SES. This model of communication would result in more effective student management and more time on-task for learning.

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A satisfação do utente na comunicação com profissionais de saúde é um indicador de qualidade dos serviços ou instituições. Na literatura não encontramos instrumentos padronizados e validados, que avaliem a satisfação do utente na comunicação com os profissionais de saúde. O presente estudo tem como objetivo construir e validar um instrumento para avaliar a satisfação do utente na comunicação com os profissionais de saúde. Desenvolvemos este estudo em três ciclos. Um primeiro, revisão da literatura, para identificar dimensões e itens da comunicação interpessoal na saúde. No segundo ciclo, conduzimos um método de Delphi modificado em três rondas, com recurso à plataforma informática de questionários Survey Monkey, no qual participou um painel de 25 peritos; estabelecemos como critério mínimo de retenção para a ronda seguinte os itens que recebessem 70% do consenso por parte do painel. Após as três rondas, obtivemos um instrumento com seis dimensões comunicacionais (comunicação verbal, comunicação não verbal, empatia, respeito, resolução de problemas e material de apoio), vinte e cinco itens específicos, e mais seis dimensões genéricas, que avaliam cada uma das dimensões. No terceiro ciclo avaliamos as características psicométricas, em termos de sensibilidade, validade do construto e fidelidade, numa amostra de 348 participantes. Os resultados mostram que todas as categorias de resposta estavam representadas em todos os itens. Validade do construto- a análise fatorial identificou uma solução de seis componentes que explicam 71% da variância total. Fiabilidade - os valores da correlação item-total variam entre 0,387 e 0,722, existindo uma correlação positiva moderada a forte. O valor de alfa de Cronbach (α=0,928) indica que a consistência interna é excelente. O instrumento construído apresenta boas propriedades psicométricas. Fica assim disponível uma nova ferramenta para auxiliar na gestão e no processo de planeamento necessários ao incremento da qualidade nos serviços e instituições de saúde.

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Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

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Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação - Especialidade Intervenção Precoce

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (IEEE ICC 2015). 8 to 12, Jun, 2015, IEEE ICC 2015 - Communications QoS, Reliability and Modeling, London, United Kingdom.

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O presente trabalho foi elaborado no âmbito da dissertação do Mestrado em Tradução e Interpretação Especializadas, e tem como objectivo estudar o formato mockumentary, no qual se baseia a minha análise, e compreender as especificidades da tradução do elemento satírico de que este híbrido se pode revestir, enquanto elemento potenciador de comicidade. A Tradução Audiovisual é um fenómeno com que nos deparamos diariamente, seja a partir de uma televisão, de um ecrã de computador ou de um dispositivo móvel, em que estamos perante um conjunto de elementos semióticos diversos, para os quais concorre uma combinação essencial de quatro canais, a saber, o canal visual, acústico, verbal e não-verbal. O tradutor deve ter em consideração não só o código verbal, como também os elementos que não são estritamente linguísticos, como gestos, música, expressões faciais, etc. Dado que Uma Família Muito Moderna, sobre a qual baseei a minha análise, é uma série humorística com um forte pendor satírico, afigurou-se como primeiro objecto de estudo por descrever o mockumentary e analisar como esse humor se verifica na versão portuguesa. Deste modo, impõe-se abordar a questão da tradução do humor, neste caso de trocadilhos (wordplay), puns e casos de polissemia, bem como da tradução de referências culturais e intertextuais. Para esse efeito, procedi a uma análise contrastiva entre o texto original, em língua inglesa, e verificar a recuperação do tom satírico potenciador de humor nas legendas, na língua de chegada, em língua portuguesa. Em conjunto, estes elementos concorrem para a construção de um texto que, no caso deste mockumentary, se reveste de um forte tom satírico - mock - para a criação de humor, apresentando uma série que, apesar de indubitavelmente fictícia, revela determinados traços associados a formatos televisivos informativos - documentary - , transmitindo ao espectador uma ilusão de realidade e de factualidade.

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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

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BACKGROUND: The recurrent ~600 kb 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletion is among the most frequent known genetic aetiologies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related neurodevelopmental disorders. OBJECTIVE: To define the medical, neuropsychological, and behavioural phenotypes in carriers of this deletion. METHODS: We collected clinical data on 285 deletion carriers and performed detailed evaluations on 72 carriers and 68 intrafamilial non-carrier controls. RESULTS: When compared to intrafamilial controls, full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) is two standard deviations lower in carriers, and there is no difference between carriers referred for neurodevelopmental disorders and carriers identified through cascade family testing. Verbal IQ (mean 74) is lower than non-verbal IQ (mean 83) and a majority of carriers require speech therapy. Over 80% of individuals exhibit psychiatric disorders including ASD, which is present in 15% of the paediatric carriers. Increase in head circumference (HC) during infancy is similar to the HC and brain growth patterns observed in idiopathic ASD. Obesity, a major comorbidity present in 50% of the carriers by the age of 7 years, does not correlate with FSIQ or any behavioural trait. Seizures are present in 24% of carriers and occur independently of other symptoms. Malformations are infrequently found, confirming only a few of the previously reported associations. CONCLUSIONS: The 16p11.2 deletion impacts in a quantitative and independent manner FSIQ, behaviour and body mass index, possibly through direct influences on neural circuitry. Although non-specific, these features are clinically significant and reproducible. Lastly, this study demonstrates the necessity of studying large patient cohorts ascertained through multiple methods to characterise the clinical consequences of rare variants involved in common diseases.

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Introduction: Discrimination of species-specific vocalizations is fundamental for survival and social interactions. Its unique behavioral relevance has encouraged the identification of circumscribed brain regions exhibiting selective responses (Belin et al., 2004), while the role of network dynamics has received less attention. Those studies that have examined the brain dynamics of vocalization discrimination leave unresolved the timing and the inter-relationship between general categorization, attention, and speech-related processes (Levy et al., 2001, 2003; Charest et al., 2009). Given these discrepancies and the presence of several confounding factors, electrical neuroimaging analyses were applied to auditory evoked-potential (AEPs) to acoustically and psychophysically controlled non-verbal human and animal vocalizations. This revealed which region(s) exhibit voice-sensitive responses and in which sequence. Methods: Subjects (N=10) performed a living vs. man-made 'oddball' auditory discrimination task, such that on a given block of trials 'target' stimuli occurred 10% of the time. Stimuli were complex, meaningful sounds of 500ms duration. There were 120 different sound files in total, 60 of which represented sounds of living objects and 60 man-made objects. The stimuli that were the focus of the present investigation were restricted to those of living objects within blocks where no response was required. These stimuli were further sorted between human non-verbal vocalizations and animal vocalizations. They were also controlled in terms of their spectrograms and formant distributions. Continuous 64-channel EEG was acquired through Neuroscan Synamps referenced to the nose, band-pass filtered 0.05-200Hz, and digitized at 1000Hz. Peri-stimulus epochs of continuous EEG (-100ms to 900ms) were visually inspected for artifacts, 40Hz low-passed filtered and baseline corrected using the pre-stimulus period . Averages were computed from each subject separately. AEPs in response to animal and human vocalizations were analyzed with respect to differences of Global Field Power (GFP) and with respect to changes of the voltage configurations at the scalp (reviewed in Murray et al., 2008). The former provides a measure of the strength of the electric field irrespective of topographic differences; the latter identifies changes in spatial configurations of the underlying sources independently of the response strength. In addition, we utilized the local auto-regressive average distributed linear inverse solution (LAURA; Grave de Peralta Menendez et al., 2001) to visualize and statistically contrast the likely underlying sources of effects identified in the preceding analysis steps. Results: We found differential activity in response to human vocalizations over three periods in the post-stimulus interval, and this response was always stronger than that to animal vocalizations. The first differential response (169-219ms) was a consequence of a modulation in strength of a common brain network localized into the right superior temporal sulcus (STS; Brodmann's Area (BA) 22) and extending into the superior temporal gyrus (STG; BA 41). A second difference (291-357ms) also followed from strength modulations of a common network with statistical differences localized to the left inferior precentral and prefrontal gyrus (BA 6/45). These two first strength modulations correlated (Spearman's rho(8)=0.770; p=0.009) indicative of functional coupling between temporally segregated stages of vocalization discrimination. A third difference (389-667ms) followed from strength and topographic modulations and was localized to the left superior frontal gyrus (BA10) although this third difference did not reach our spatial criterion of 12 continuous voxels. Conclusions: We show that voice discrimination unfolds over multiple temporal stages, involving a wide network of brain regions. The initial stages of vocalization discrimination are based on modulations in response strength within a common brain network with no evidence for a voice-selective module. The latency of this effect parallels that of face discrimination (Bentin et al., 2007), supporting the possibility that voice and face processes can mutually inform one another. Putative underlying sources (localized in the right STS; BA 22) are consistent with prior hemodynamic imaging evidence in humans (Belin et al., 2004). Our effect over the 291-357ms post-stimulus period overlaps the 'voice-specific-response' reported by Levy et al. (Levy et al., 2001) and the estimated underlying sources (left BA6/45) were in agreement with previous findings in humans (Fecteau et al., 2005). These results challenge the idea that circumscribed and selective areas subserve con-specific vocalization processing.

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L’ús de la cançó per a potenciar el desenvolupament del llenguatge d’un nen autista és un projecte que pretén donar una visió de la música com a eina per al desenvolupament del llenguatge verbal i no verbal dels nens amb diagnòstic de TEA (Trastorn de l’Espectre Autista). Busca també fer una revisió bibliogràfica en aquest camp per conèixer i relacionar una mica més aquests móns sovint desconeguts. Finalment, presenta un programa d’intervenció adreçat específicament a quatre alumnes amb TEA, amb necessitats i objectius diferents, amb el pertinent seguiment, anàlisi de les dades recollides durant la intervenció, conclusions, i noves vies de treball que es podrien dur a terme.

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A 54-year-old patient who had an isolated small polar thalamic infarct and acute global amnesia with slight frontal type dysfunction but without other neurological dysfunction was studied. Memory improved partially within 8 months. At all stages the impairment was more severe for verbal than non-verbal memory. Autobiographic recollections and newly acquired information tended to be disorganised with respect to temporal order. Procedural memory was unaffected. Both emotional involvement and pleasure in reading were lost. On MRI, the infarct was limited to the left anterior thalamic nuclei and the adjacent mamillothalamic tract. The regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (measured with PET) was decreased on the left in the thalamus, amygdala, and posterior cingulate cortex 2 weeks after the infarct, and in the thalamus and posterior cingulate cortex 9 months later. These findings stress the specific role of the left anterior thalamic region in memory and confirm that longlasting amnesia from a thalamic lesion can occur without significant structural damage to the dorsomedial nucleus. Furthermore, they suggest that the anterior thalamic nuclei and possibly their connections with the posterior cingulate cortex play a role in emotional involvement linked to ipsilateral hemispheric functions.