937 resultados para Núcleo central


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The reformist movements in the field of mental health have pointed battle flags, among which the prioritization of production of mental health care out of the asylum environment should be highlighted, aiming the reduction of psychiatric beds, greater control over the hospitalization, family co-participation and the rescue of the citizenship of the social players involved. With the progressive reduction of asylum beds, associated with a lot of structural problems in the health services, the occurrence of crises outside the hospital environment has been increasingly frequent, thus giving the family an important therapeutic role. In face of this scenario, there is an urgent need to understand the social construction of the care for psychiatric emergencies, identifying the meanings assigned by family members to their constituent aspects. This study seeks to answer the following research question: what are the social representations of family members about the care of psychiatric emergencies in the city of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte? Therefore, the aim is to analyze the social representations of family members about the care of psychiatric emergencies in the city of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. This is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a mixed approach, making use of multimethods: for collection, the semi-structured interview and the Technique of Free Association of Words; for data analysis, the Thematic Analysis of Bardin and its steps was used, with the informational support of the softwares ALCESTE (Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d'un Ensemble de Segments de Texte) and Iramuteq (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires); and the theoretical support of social representations. The study participants totaled 72, and they were selected from the following criteria: older than18 years, with degree of kinship with users suffering from some mental and behavioral disorder, and who have already witnessed a situation of crisis, rescued by the SAMU or other means and taken to the psychiatric hospital or general emergency room. Preliminary results point out: 1.Previous note of the research project with the aim to disseminate it in the scientific community and ensure the intellectual property of the work; 2.The contextual analysis of the care for emergencies in the study place. Reflection about the phenomenon provide a name to the care for the psychiatric emergencies, which is called immediate context; the technical and operational aspects that influence the care, as a specific/ general context; and mental health policies in Brazil are identified as metacontext; 3. The systematic review from randomized clinical trials in the databases PubMed, COCHRANE, LILACS, SciELO and SCIRUS, with the use of the descriptors: ‘Physical restraint’, ‘Psychiatric emergency services’, ‘Restraint’, ‘Physical and Emergency Services’, ‘Psychiatric’. Only one work met the search protocol criteria: a short-term essay that records limited results about the proportion of people who are in restraint and seclusion. It does not show statistically significant results in relation to indications, contraindications and risks of the use of physical restraint; 4. The social representations of the care for psychiatric emergencies. The study results point to the presence of five thematic categories: 1. feeling in the face of the crisis/care; 2. thoughts and perspectives about the crisis/care; 3. centrality of care in the medical- medication-hospitalization triad; 4. the thinking/acting in the face of the use of physical restraint and police force; 5. periodicity of crises. The central core of the representation is in the first category, whilst the peripheral elements are in the third and fifth categories. The contrast zone is in the second and fourth categories. The sadness is the most prominent element of the structure. The social representations about the care for psychiatric crises are at a time of transition between the hegemonic and reformist models, with the traditional aspects being predominant, but already showing peripheral and contrast elements that point to a possible change in the representational field.

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The present study has the objective of analyzing how the ways of dwelling influences the uses and the functional and symbolic appropriations of the urban space in Fortaleza city center, through the perspective of the residents and their relation with the living place. Scenarios of development and degradation of its urban space have marked the city center of Fortaleza. The intensification of the commercial and services occupation promoted through the years, paradoxically, the valorization of the land price and the devalorization of the residential use. Thus, the residential occupation was consolidated in a discontinuous way, being concentrated mainly in the external limits of the historical core of the neighborhood. The research is structured over the delimitation of an area and the selection of multifamily residential buildings, built since the 1960s, close to the central core of the neighborhood. The spatial configuration analysis of the selected residential buildings, and their relations with the urban surroundings and the land uses, reveals different aspects related to the urban vitality, producing impacts over the ways of dwelling constituted by the daily life of the residents. The study of the ways of dwelling involves the comprehension that the dwelling is beyond the private residential boundaries and the functional occupation. The conceptual base of this research is developed over the perspective that the dwelling represents a fundamental aspect of the human condition, allowing the person to relate with the space in an essential way (HEIDEGGER, 2012). In this perspective of the dwelling, the space reunites the mental and the cultural, the social and the historical, being marked by simultaneous logics of the conceived, the perceived and the lived space (LEFEVBRE, 2006). The development of this study, over the point of view of the neighborhood residents, is inserted in the perspective of the lived space, related to the concept of place, understood as a qualitative phenomenon, giving essence and identity to the space. The place of dwelling, marked by coexistences, is one of the structural elements of the urban land use, and potential for the rehabilitation of the central areas in big cities. Therefore, the study starts from the hypothesis that the location, the nearby land uses and the spatial configuration of the residential buildings affect the ways of dwelling, in other words the residents dissolve the boundaries of the shelter and experience the urban space, from the dwelling place. The requalification of the dwelling is opposed to the residential space based in functionality, in hierarchy, in self sufficiency, in standardization and in the reproduction of the urban space, materialized in the dense contemporary residential buildings, that are unrelated to the city. The stages of the research involved the spatial configuration analysis of the selected residential buildings and their surrounding, the land use mapping and interviews with the residents. The collected data allowed verifying that the buildings are located in areas presenting heterogeneous land uses, with a great number of residents and users. However, these aspects are not sufficient to promote the vitality of the public spaces in the neighborhood, since the people movement in the streets is controlled by the opening hours of the predominant commercial use in the area. The word of the residents, collected in interviews, indicate that the conservation conditions of the public spaces and the insecurity influences their everyday relations with the place of dwelling, affecting fundamental aspects for the dwelling requalification in the central area of Fortaleza.

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The present study has the objective of analyzing how the ways of dwelling influences the uses and the functional and symbolic appropriations of the urban space in Fortaleza city center, through the perspective of the residents and their relation with the living place. Scenarios of development and degradation of its urban space have marked the city center of Fortaleza. The intensification of the commercial and services occupation promoted through the years, paradoxically, the valorization of the land price and the devalorization of the residential use. Thus, the residential occupation was consolidated in a discontinuous way, being concentrated mainly in the external limits of the historical core of the neighborhood. The research is structured over the delimitation of an area and the selection of multifamily residential buildings, built since the 1960s, close to the central core of the neighborhood. The spatial configuration analysis of the selected residential buildings, and their relations with the urban surroundings and the land uses, reveals different aspects related to the urban vitality, producing impacts over the ways of dwelling constituted by the daily life of the residents. The study of the ways of dwelling involves the comprehension that the dwelling is beyond the private residential boundaries and the functional occupation. The conceptual base of this research is developed over the perspective that the dwelling represents a fundamental aspect of the human condition, allowing the person to relate with the space in an essential way (HEIDEGGER, 2012). In this perspective of the dwelling, the space reunites the mental and the cultural, the social and the historical, being marked by simultaneous logics of the conceived, the perceived and the lived space (LEFEVBRE, 2006). The development of this study, over the point of view of the neighborhood residents, is inserted in the perspective of the lived space, related to the concept of place, understood as a qualitative phenomenon, giving essence and identity to the space. The place of dwelling, marked by coexistences, is one of the structural elements of the urban land use, and potential for the rehabilitation of the central areas in big cities. Therefore, the study starts from the hypothesis that the location, the nearby land uses and the spatial configuration of the residential buildings affect the ways of dwelling, in other words the residents dissolve the boundaries of the shelter and experience the urban space, from the dwelling place. The requalification of the dwelling is opposed to the residential space based in functionality, in hierarchy, in self sufficiency, in standardization and in the reproduction of the urban space, materialized in the dense contemporary residential buildings, that are unrelated to the city. The stages of the research involved the spatial configuration analysis of the selected residential buildings and their surrounding, the land use mapping and interviews with the residents. The collected data allowed verifying that the buildings are located in areas presenting heterogeneous land uses, with a great number of residents and users. However, these aspects are not sufficient to promote the vitality of the public spaces in the neighborhood, since the people movement in the streets is controlled by the opening hours of the predominant commercial use in the area. The word of the residents, collected in interviews, indicate that the conservation conditions of the public spaces and the insecurity influences their everyday relations with the place of dwelling, affecting fundamental aspects for the dwelling requalification in the central area of Fortaleza.

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RODRIGUES, M. P.; LIMA, K. C.; RONCALLI, A. G. A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal. Ciênc. Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82. 2008. ISSN 1413-8123.

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RODRIGUES, Maisa Paulino; LIMA, Kenio Costa de; RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A representaçao social do cuidado no programa saúde da familia na cidade de Natal. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82, 2008.Disponivel em: . Acesso em: 04 out. 2010.

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Los Talleres de Capacitación Participativa T.C.P., objeto de la acción investigativa descrita y sistematizada en la presente memoria, se plantean como una opción metodológica para la capacitación y el per-perfeccionamiento de docentes de Educación Superior en Colombia. Esta proposición se hace tanto a la luz del narco social, cultural y político de la educación en el país, como a partir del análisis de la realidad nacional y del panorama de transformación educativa que se vislumbra. El análisis de la relación de la teoría y la práctica-docente, permitió, igualmente, resaltar la importancia de la relación desarrollo y educación. De la misma manera, se pone en evidencia la formación del capital humano como recurso fundamental en una perspectiva que supere las visiones deterministas de la pedagogía tradicional, La presentación de una experiencia de aprendizaje en capacitación docente, cuyo análisis empírico se sistematizó en una propuesta de acción pedagógica, con las características fundamentales de la investigación protagónica, constituye el núcleo central de este trabajo. Los componentes metodológicos de la experiencia latinoamericana de los TED (Talleres de educación Democrática), el Programa PERFORHA (Perfeccionamiento y formación de maestros de la Universidad de Sherbrooke, Quebec-Canadá), los principios andrológicos y el método de sistematización de la práctica fundamentado en el constructivismo, constituyen los referentes pedagógicos que fundamentan los Talleres de Capacitación Participativa T.C.P., aplicados y sistematizados por los investigadores con los resultados que se observan en la presente memoria.

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RODRIGUES, M. P.; LIMA, K. C.; RONCALLI, A. G. A representação social do cuidado no programa saúde da família na cidade de Natal. Ciênc. Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82. 2008. ISSN 1413-8123.

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RODRIGUES, Maisa Paulino; LIMA, Kenio Costa de; RONCALLI, Angelo Giuseppe. A representaçao social do cuidado no programa saúde da familia na cidade de Natal. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, v. 13, n. 1, p. 71-82, 2008.Disponivel em: . Acesso em: 04 out. 2010.

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La presente investigación pretende analizar la situación actual de la enseñanza de la Economía de la Empresa en el Bachillerato andaluz, dentro del marco de una sociedad global y basada en el conocimiento, donde la información se convierte en el recurso estratégico por excelencia y el entorno se vuelve cada vez más complejo y turbulento. En este contexto, los sistemas de Inteligencia Competitiva juntos a los de Gestión del Conocimiento, y apoyados por las TIC, se tornan indispensables para una gestión eficaz y eficiente de la información y del conocimiento. Por tanto, si tenemos en cuenta que la Educación constituye la base fundamental para el desarrollo de un país, se hace indispensable acometer cambios estructurales en el sistema educativo que den respuesta a las necesidades actuales que se plantean en el escenario actual. El trabajo se estructura en varias partes que, a su vez, se dividen en capítulos: En primer lugar, a modo de primer capítulo se recoge una introducción en la que se justifica la importancia y motivación del estudio, la documentación y fuentes consultadas, así como una breve explicación de la estructura del trabajo presentado. A continuación, presentamos los fundamentos teóricos en los que podemos observar dos partes claramente diferenciadas. por un lado, el capítulo 2 en el que ponemos de manifiesto el proceso de desarrollo seguido por la segunda enseñanza y, más concretamente, de la Economía como materia desde sus inicios a principios del siglo XIX hasta el momento actual. Por otro lado, en el capítulo 3 se expone el marco metodológico que vertebra nuestro estudio, esto es la Dirección estratégica, las escuelas del Entono y del Aprendizaje, la Teoría de Recursos y Capacidades, la Inteligencia Competitiva (núcleo central de nuestro estudio) y la Gestión del Conocimiento. La segunda parte, compuesta por el capítulo 4, la constituye el estudio empírico de nuestra investigación en donde hemos tratado de averiguar si la docencia de la materia de Economía de la Empresa en bachillerato continúa desarrollándose de forma magistral y enfocada a la superación de una prueba selectiva o si, por el contrario, nos estamos adaptando a los cambios que se demandan en la sociedad actual. El estudio finaliza con una tercera parte donde se incluyen el capítulo 5 dedicado a las conclusiones obtenidas en nuestro trabajo de investigación, el cuestionario utilizado para la realización del trabajo de campo y las referencias bibliográficas y legislativas utilizadas en el mismo.

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La finalidad de esta propuesta educativa se hace desde la perspectiva de innovación metodológica que parte de procesos cognitivos y afectivos dentro de una simbiosis personal y social. Se desarrolla desde el ámbito de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Málaga, La metodología pedagógica experimentada sobre Aprendizaje Servicio materializados en dos tipos: aprendizaje anticipador de años atrás en contraste con proyectos del presente en las aulas de la Universidad. El núcleo central se fija en ¿cómo se aprende con el impacto social? La finalidad es resaltar a través de las experiencias los beneficios de dicho aprendizaje donde se potencias las habilidades en el desarrollo del alumno unido al valor formativo del servicio social

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En la sociedad actual del conocimiento las universidades tienen la responsabilidad de generar conocimiento e innovaciones para ofrecer soluciones a problemas de comunidades de interés. Para lograrlo las universidades deben enfocarse en su activo más importante, su capital intelectual. Hasta ahora las investigaciones relacionadas con el capital intelectual y la innovación en las universidades, son limitadas a pesar de ser un elemento estratégico para la dirección de estas organizaciones, ya que estos aspectos le representan valor en el tiempo, por tanto esta investigación busca establecer cuál es la relación que existe entre el capital intelectual y la innovación en la Universidad CES. El objetivo de esta investigación era identificar el grado de relación entre capital intelectual e innovación en la Universidad CES. La metodología del estudio, es un estudio cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo explicativo, con un diseño transversal, que permitió establecer el efecto del capital intelectual sobre la innovación de la Universidad CES. La población del fueron los directivos, líderes de los grupos de investigación y los coordinadores de investigación de la Universidad CES. Según los resultados obtenidos, este estudio determinó que el capital intelectual no tiene una relación estadísticamente significativa con la innovación personal de la Universidad CES y se determinó también que las tres dimensiones del capital intelectual tienen una relación estadísticamente significativa con los resultados de la innovación en la Universidad CES. El principal aporte de este estudio fue ofrecer evidencias sobre el capital intelectual como una de las principales fuentes de innovación para la Universidad.

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Introdução: No combate à violência doméstica, o papel dos serviços de saúde é essencial pois, os profissionais contactam com as pessoas ao longo do ciclo vital, pelo que devem questionar todos os aspetos que dizem respeito à saúde e bem-estar destas. Objetivo: Compreender a representação social da violência doméstica Material e Métodos: Estudo de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Amostra intencional de 55 pessoas, com mais de 18 anos, residentes no distrito de Évora. O instrumento de recolha de dados é composto por 4 partes. Recorreu-se ao Software SPSS® Statistic e ao Software Evoc®. Foram salvaguardados os aspetos éticos. Resultados: A maioria dos inquiridos é do sexo feminino, com uma idade média de 47 anos, um nível de escolaridade elevado e maioritariamente casados/união de facto. A análise às evocações do estímulo violência doméstica com recurso ao software Evoc®, identificou 6 elementos do núcleo central e 7 elementos na 2ª periferia. Através de entrevista narrativa, os participantes caracterizaram a violência e identificaram os papéis de familiares, amigos, profissionais de saúde e forças de segurança. Sobre a exposição à violência doméstica ao longo da vida e no último ano, 14 pessoas, foram vítimas ao longo da vida e 2 ainda o foram no último ano. Conclusão: A violência foi considerada injustificável, intolerável e algo criminoso, associada frequentemente ao álcool e à necessidade de exercer poder sobre a vítima, um grave problema social, muitas vezes não relatada por medo ou questões culturais. A violência, atualmente, converteu-se num problema de saúde pública quer pelo facto em si e a sua dimensão, quer pelas repercussões que tem sobre a saúde das vítimas aos mais diversos níveis.

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A Polineuropatia Amiloidótica Familiar (PAF) é uma doença neurodegenerativa rara, hereditária e fatal. O conhecimento desta doença precedeu, nas localidades de Póvoa de Varzim e Vila do Conde, a identificação da mesma enquanto entidade clínica pelo Dr. Corino de Andrade, devido à sua elevada prevalência. Pretende-se com este estudo identificar e descrever as representações sociais sobre a PAF na comunidade de Póvoa de Varzim e Vila do Conde. Foi utilizado um teste de associação livre de palavras ao qual responderam 103 participantes. Os dados recolhidos foram tratados e analisados com recurso ao software Iramuteq. Através da análise hierárquica descendente, da análise de similitudes e da nuvem de palavras foi possível estabelecer a representação social da PAF associada aos aspetos negativos da doença. 

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Es notorio en los últimos años, en las ciudades venezolanas, una tendencia a la expansión difusa y al desarrollo de nuevas centralidades, y en el caso de las ciudades grandes y medias, a un paulatino deterioro del núcleo histórico, como consecuencia de intensos procesos de sustitución de usos y ubicación de actividades incompatibles con otras preexistentes. No todas las ciudades venezolanas acusan una pronunciada obsolescencia de su casco central, especialmente las de tamaño medio o las ciudades intermedias que tienen un carácter funcional monocéntrico, como en el caso de Mérida. Previendo un posible deterioro del núcleo central de Mérida, en este trabajo, se persigue elaborar una propuesta de redefinición funcional, a partir de los valores socioeconómicos y espaciales existentes. La propuesta gira en torno a un modelo de ciudad “cultural, científica y tecnológica”, en la cual es pertinente revitalizar el casco central con funciones y establecimientos que apunten en dirección de ese modelo de ciudad. Desde el punto de vista metodológico se sigue un enfoque cualitativo-cuantitativo en tres fases preliminares. En una primera se intenta delimitar el área objeto de estudio sobre la base de las distintas etapas de crecimiento de la ciudad. En una segunda fase se identifican los aspectos principales del contenido espacial del núcleo histórico y se establece una valoración cuantitativa y cualitativa. La tercera fase contempla la elaboración de unas premisas preliminares de revitalización del área central. Estas tres fases son las que dan soporte al estudio empírico, a ser desarrollado posteriormente. El estudio empírico en marcha, sin embargo, apunta hacia un procesos de rehabilitación funcional.

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Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE