13. [Carte d'Asie du sud-est] / [mission Joseph Vassal]

Donateur : Vassal, Gabrielle Maud (1880-1959)

71. [Deux femmes assises se coiffant] / [mission Joseph Vassal]

Donateur : Vassal, Gabrielle Maud (1880-1959)

72. [Jeune femme portant des parures de bijoux] / [mission Joseph Vassal]

Donateur : Vassal, Gabrielle Maud (1880-1959)

4550. The beautiful Church of S. Sebastian, built of steel, Manila / [photogr. Underwood & Underwood]

Donateur : Vassal, Gabrielle Maud (1880-1959)

Variação na resistência tênsil de agregados em função do conteúdo de carbono em dois solos na região dos Campos Gerais

O comportamento em macroescala do solo depende das propriedades mecânicas de agregados individuais. A resistência tênsil (RT) de agregados do solo é uma das propriedades mecânicas mais úteis e utilizadas como indicadora do impacto do manejo na qualidade do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento da RT em relação ao conteúdo do C orgânico total (COT) em dois solos (Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico) com classes texturais diferentes, em sistema plantio direto de longa duração. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi fatorial 2 x 2 x 2 inteiramente casualizado, com 12 tratamentos. Os fatores analisados foram: (a) dois solos: Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico classe textural franco-argiloarenosa e Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico classe textural franco-argilosa; (b) profundidades de amostragem: 0-5 e 5-20 cm; e (c) épocas de amostragem (E1-outubro de 2007; E2-setembro de 2008). Para determinação da resistência tênsil, foram coletados 1.440 blocos de solo. A RT e o conteúdo de COT foram mensurados em 1.920 agregados para cada época de amostragem. A RT reduziu à medida que o conteúdo de COT aumentou e com maior impacto no LV classe textural franco-argilosa, ou seja, o conteúdo de argila influenciou o comportamento da RT, que respondeu inversamente proporcional ao conteúdo de argila. O impacto do conteúdo de COT na RT foi mais importante na camada superficial do solo de 0-5 cm do que na de 5-20 cm.

Carbon balance and crop residue management in dynamic equilibrium under a no-till system in Campos Gerais

The adoption of no-tillage systems (NT) and the maintenance of crop residues on the soil surface result in the long-term increase of carbon (C) in the system, promoting C sequestration and reducing C-CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the C sequestration rate and the minimum amount of crop residues required to maintain the dynamic C equilibrium (dC/dt = 0) of two soils (Typic Hapludox) with different textural classes. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 2 x 2 randomized block factorial design. The following factors were analyzed: (a) two soil types: Typic Hapludox (Oxisol) with medium texture (LVTM) and Oxisol with clay texture (LVTA), (b) two sampling layers (0-5 and 5-20 cm), and (c) two sampling periods (P1 - October 2007; P2 - September 2008). Samples were collected from fields under a long-term (20 years) NT system with the following crop rotations: wheat/soybean/black oat + vetch/maize (LVTM) and wheat/maize/black oat + vetch/soybean (LVTA). The annual C sequestration rates were 0.83 and 0.76 Mg ha-1 for LVTM and LVTA, respectively. The estimates of the minimum amount of crop residues required to maintain a dynamic equilibrium (dC/dt = 0) were 7.13 and 6.53 Mg ha-1 year-1 for LVTM and LVTA, respectively. The C conversion rate in both studied soils was lower than that reported in other studies in the region, resulting in a greater amount of crop residues left on the soil surface.

Alexandre Sauvaige. L'Etiquette du temps.

Manuscrit orné de dessins à la plume et aux armes de François de Rochechouart, gouverneur du Gênes sous Louis XII. Anciennes collections Mc Carthy, Georges Hilbert, Robert Hoe et comte Paul Durrieu.

The effect of tax enforcement on tax elasticities: Evidence from charitable contributions in France

Optimal tax formulas expressed in "sufficient statistics" are usually calibrated under the assumptionthat the relevant tax elasticities are unaffected by other available policy instruments.In practice though, tax authorities have many more instruments than the mere tax rates andtax elasticities are functions of all these policy instruments. In this paper we provide evidencethat tax elasticities are extremely sensitive to a particular policy instrument: the level of taxenforcement. We exploit a natural experiment that took place in France in 1983, when the taxadministration tightened the requirements to claim charitable deductions. The reform led to asubstantial drop in the amount of contributions reported to the administration, which can becredibly attributed to overreporting of charitable contributions before the reform, rather thanto a real change in giving behaviours. We show that the reform was also associated with asubstantial decline in the absolute value of the elasticity of reported contributions. This findingallows us to partially identify the elasticity of overreporting contributions, which is shown tobe large and inferior to -2 in the lax enforcement regime. We further show using bunching oftaxpayers at kink-points of the tax schedule that the elasticity of taxable income also experienceda significant decline after the reform. Our results suggest that optimizing the tax rate fora given tax elasticity when other policy instruments are not optimized can lead to misleadingconclusions when tax authorities have another instrument that could set the tax elasticity itselfat its optimal level as in Kopczuk and Slemrod [2002].

Tissue culture parameters in sweet orange cultivars

The objective of this work was to establish tissue culture parameters for gene transfer in sweet orange cultivars. Epicotyl explants with different ages were cultured with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kanamycin and hygromycin. Shoots were cultured with alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) alone or in combination with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The requirement of BAP for shoot development was genotype-specific. Epicotyl explants from 35-day-old seedlings produced significantly more shoots per explant in 'Pêra'. Kanamycin inhibited shoot regeneration for the most cultivars. The percentage of shoots that produced roots in 'Pêra' was significantly higher in medium with NAA and IBA than with NAA alone.

[1 lettre d'Auguste-Emmanuel Vaucorbeil à Jacques-Léopold Heugel, avril-mai? 1882]

Se plaint des fausses informations dont les journaux se font l'écho et souhaite que "Le Ménestrel" rectifie les erreurs qu'il colporte au sujet de MM. Villaret et Maurel, de Gabrielle Krauss et des opéras "Françoise de Rimini" et "Henri VIII"

[1 lettre d'Auguste-Emmanuel Vaucorbeil à Jacques-Léopold Heugel, s.d.]

L'informe que l'engagement de Gabrielle Krauss a été signé

[1 lettre d'Auguste-Emmanuel Vaucorbeil à Jacques-Léopold Heugel (sans date)]

"On a versé sur moi, cher ami, tant de vilaines choses que les lettres ci-jointes sont une grande consolation. Peut-être pouvez-vous les publier?". - " Avez-vous vu Mlle [Gabrielle] Krauss?"

Parentesco na seleção para produtividade e teores de óleo e proteína em soja via modelos mistos

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar influência da informação de parentesco na seleção de progênies de soja quanto à produtividade e aos teores de óleo e proteína, com base no uso de modelos mistos de predição dos valores genéticos. Novecentas progênies F4:6 e 200 progênies F4:7 de soja foram avaliadas nas safras 2010/2011 e 2011/2012, respectivamente. As progênies foram obtidas de cruzamentos múltiplos a partir de 57 progenitores. Os dados foram analisados por meio de modelos aleatórios (quadrados mínimos) e mistos BLUP/REML ("best linear unbiased prediction/restricted maximum likelihood"). Os maiores valores de ganhos preditos foram obtidos com o BLUP/REML. Os valores genéticos preditos com o método BLUP/REML, sem informação de parentesco, apresentaram alta correlação com aqueles obtidos com o modelo aleatório, além de detectada alta coincidência das progênies selecionadas. A inclusão da matriz de parentesco resultou na seleção de progênies diferentes e em maior acurácia na predição dos valores genéticos.