Modulação androgênica e estrogênica na próstata: uma abordagem em modelos experimentais de roedores com enfoque na biologia estrutural

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Immunohistochemical study of the expression of fatty acid synthase and Ki-67 in salivary gland tumors

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Fatores associados à realização dos exames de rastreamento para o câncer de próstata: um estudo de base populacional

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cistoadenoma mucinoso do apêndice: relato de caso

O cistoadenoma mucinoso do apêndice ceca l, um tipo de mucocele do apêndice, é uma neoplasia benigna caracterizada pela metaplasia focal ou difusa do epitélio superficial da mucosa, associada à dilatação do apêndice e produção de muco para a luz apendicular. No presente estudo os autores relatam um caso de cistoadenoma mucinoso do apêndice observado em uma mulher de 65 anos de idade, com dor e massa palpável no quadrante inferior direito do abdome, cujo quadro teve início há 1 ano. O diagnóstico de cistoadenoma do apêndice foi suspeitado através da ultrassonografia e tomografia computadorizada do abdome, e confirmado pelo exame histopatológico. A paciente também apresentava cálculos na vesícula biliar e um cisto renal à direita. A laparotomia foi indicada sendo realizada a apendicectomia, a colecistectomia e a exérese do cisto renal. Na presente discussão esperamos contribuir para o diagnóstico precoce dessa doença e a melhor compreensão de sua classificação e patogenia.

Perfil sorológico, isolamento bacteriano e valores hematológicos e urinários em cães naturalmente infectados com Brucella canis

Descrevem-se os parâmetros hematológicos, urinários, perfil sorológico de aglutininas antibrucélicas e resultados de isolamento bacteriano de swab vaginal, líquido prostático e hemocultura de 12 cães naturalmente infectados por Brucella canis. Observaram-se flutuação dos resultados sorológicos, ausência de isolamento de B. canis nos diversos materiais colhidos e valores hematológicos e urinários predominantemente normais. Discute-se o diagnóstico de brucelose canina em nível individual.

Pediatric Chronic Sclerosing Sialadenitis: Kuttner Tumor

Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is an uncommon cause of salivary gland enlargement mainly occurring in the fifth and seventh decade of life. In the Western population, chronic sclerosing sialadenitis has been characterized as an IgG4-related disease. Although rare, this lesion occurs in children. To increase awareness about this entity in the pediatric age group, we report the case of an 11-year-old boy with a hard, 4.0-cm circumscribed mass in the right submandibular gland. Histologically there was marked distortion of the gland architecture by a dense lymphocytic infiltrate and extensive fibrosis with septa that crossed and distorted the gland, leaving atrophic acini and dilated, irregular ducts. The lymphoid infiltrate formed multiple follicles with active germinal centers, numerous plasma cells, and areas with diffuse arrangement. Immunophenotyping showed abundant CD20- and CD3-positive lymphocytes; cytokeratin AE1/AE3 highlighted the distorted architectural pattern; IgG staining showed large numbers of positive cells infiltrating the interstitium and surrounding the atrophic acini and ducts. IgG4 staining revealed a large proportion of positive infiltrating elements. Kuttner tumor belongs to the group of IgG4-related sclerosing diseases. The differential diagnosis includes pleomorphic adenoma and other salivary gland neoplasms. Its recognition in children is important clinically because this entity is amenable to steroid treatment, and additional work up and follow up is warranted to stave off other IgG4-related diseases/complications.

Labeling index in pituitary adenomas evaluated by means of MIB-1: is there a prognostic role? A critical review

Objective: The present article presents an overview of the literature, and analyses the methods and the primary questions related to assessment of proliferation index using the Ki-67/MIB-1 labeling index in pituitary adenomas. Although atypical adenomas are characterized by their atypical morphological features by an elevated mitotic index, a Ki-67 (MIB-1) labeling index greater than 3% and extensive nuclear staining for p53, use of the proliferation index (LI) of pituitary adenomas in assessing the degree of tumor aggressiveness is a controversial topic in the literature, and there are disparate results involving many studies.Methods: A review of literature was carried out to correlate the role of Ki-67 LI and its correlation with clinical findings, tumor size, invasiveness, recurrence, adenoma subtype, adenoma doubling time, and pituitary carcinomas is addressed. Results: The prognosis cannot be predicted on the basis of the Ki-67 LI alone. Although there is no direct relation between Ki-67 LI and some of these variables and controversial data were found regarding some topics, our review justify the use of Ki-67 in the analysis of pituitary adenomas as an additional information for clinical decision.Conclusion: Although assessment of proliferative may be helpful in predicting subsequent tumor recurrence or invasiveness, there are many other important and as yet unidentified factors pituitary tumors. It is clear that further research is needed to clarify these molecular mechanisms to predict those with a potentially poor clinical outcome.

Apoptose em otorrinolaringologia e cabeça e pescoço

This paper intend to review recent advances in our understanding of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, and discuss implications of these basic science advances in the development of causes and potential treatments of a variety of diseases of the head and neck. Conclusions: apoptosis is now understood to be important in the normal development and survival of all multicellular organism. Deregulation of this normally tighly controlled process underlies a variety of disease states, including neoplasia, autoimmune disease, and disorders of the central nervous system. A better understanding of this process and regulation may help otolaryngologists better understand diseases relevant to this specialty and will lead to improved therapeutic interventions.

Morphometric study by image analysis of Ag-stained nucleoli in thyroids bearing proliferating lesions

The Ag-NOR staining technique and image analysis were used to evaluate morphological parameters (area, perimeter and axis ratio) in nucleoli from normal thyroids and from thyroids bearing proliferating lesions (carcinomas, adenomas and hyperplasias). Regions with normal appearance located close to adenomatous and carcinomatous regions, in the thyroid of every patient, were also analyzed for comparison with the respective pathological regions and with normal thyroids. Statistical analysis of data for the nucleolar area and perimeter allowed the separation of adenomas and carcinomas from hyperplasias and normal tissue but not the two components in each of these two groups. However, if we look at the numbers, a sequence of increasing nucleolar mean areas in the order: normal, hyperplasia, adenoma and carcinoma may be observed, indicating the sequence of increasing rRNA requirements in these different kinds of cells. The axis ratio that denotes the nucleolar shape (round or oblong) did not show significant differences among tissues, suggesting that shape is not important in the characterization of these pathologies. Differences in nucleolar areas and perimeter between normal and affected regions from each patient were statistically significant for adenomas and carcinomas. When these normal regions were compared with the normal thyroids, significant differences were not obtained in the three evaluated parameters. The observations and their importance for histopathological diagnosis are discussed.

Does troncular vagotomy modify the proliferative gastric lesions induced in rats by duodenogastric reflux?

Purpose: to investigate if combining VT to DGR through the pylorus can modulate the biological behavior of PL induced by DGR and to verify if TV alone can induce morphologic lesions in the gastric mucosa. Methods: 62 male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: 1 - Control (CT) gastrotomy; 2 - Troncular Vagotomy (TV) plus gastrotomy; 3 - Duodenogastric reflux through the pylorus (R) and 4 - Troncular vagotomy plus DGR (RTV). The animals were killed at the 54 week of the experiment. DGR was obtained by anastomosing a proximal jejunal loop to the anterior gastric wall. TV was performed through isolation and division of the vagal trunks. Gastrotomy consisted of 1 cm incision at the anterior gastric wall. PL were analyzed gross and histologically in the antral mucosa, at the gastrojejunal stoma and at the squamous portion of the gastric mucosa. Results: Groups R and RTV developed exophytic lesions in the antral mucosa (R=90.9%; RTV=100%) and at the gastrojejunal stoma (R=54.54%; RTV=63.63%). Histologically they consisted of proliferative benign lesions, without cellular atypias, diagnosed as adenomatous hyperplasia. Both groups exposed to DGR presented squamous hyperplasia at the squamous portion of the gastric mucosa (R= 54.5%; RTV= 45.4%). TV, alone, did not induce gross or histological alterations in the gastric mucosa. TV did note change the morphologic pattern of the proliferative lesions induced by DGR. Conclusions: DGR induces the development of PL in the pyloric mucosa and at the gastrojejunal stoma. TV does not change the morphologic pattern of the proliferative lesions induced by DGR. TV alone is not able to induce morphologic lesions in the gastric mucosa.

Long-term ethanol consumption promotes hepatic tumorigenesis but impairs normal hepatocyte proliferation in rats

Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption has been related to an increased risk of several cancers, including that of the liver; however, studies in animal models have yet to conclusively determine whether ethanol acts as a tumor promoter in hepatic tumorigenesis. We examined whether prolonged alcohol consumption could act as a hepatic tumor promoter after initiation by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in a rat model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 20 mg DEN/kg body weight 1 wk before introduction of either an ethanol liquid diet or an isoenergic control liquid diet. Hepatic pathological lesions, hepatocyte proliferation, apoptosis, PPARα and PPARγ, and plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were assessed after 6 and 10 mo. Mean body and liver weights, plasma IGF-1 concentration, hepatic expressions of proliferating cellular nuclear antigen and Ki-67, and cyclin D1 in ethanol-fed rats were all significantly lower after 10 mo of treatment compared with control rats. In addition, levels of hepatic PPARγ protein, not PPARα, were significantly higher in the ethanol-fed rats after prolonged treatment. Although ethanol feeding also resulted in significantly fewer altered hepatic foci, hepatocellular adenoma was detected in ethanol-fed rats at 10 mo, but not in control rats given the same dose of DEN. Together, these results indicate that chronic, excessive ethanol consumption impairs normal hepatocyte proliferation, which is associated with reduced IGF-1 levels, but promotes hepatic carcinogenesis. © 2011 American Society for Nutrition.

Características principais de pacientes com PSA menor ou igual a 4,0 ng/ml, submetidos à biópsia de próstata guiada pelo ultrassom transretal

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Imunomarcação de COX-2 e TGF-beta nas lesòes proliferativas da próstata do cão

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Variações regionais e efeitos da castração nos lobos dorsal e ventral da próstata do gerbilo da Mongólia (Meriones unguiculatus)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)