Spectrophone measurements in sulfur-hexafluoride

The optoacoustic signal generated by pulsed 10.6 c infrared radiation incident upon a test cell filled with gaseous SF6 has been analyzed in detail. The effects ofm icroscopic energy transfer from the absorbing vibrational degrees of freedom, spontaneous emission, thermal conduction, and acoustic wave propagation are included. This complete treatment explains the experimental observations including a negative pressure response following irradiation at low gas pressure.

Temperature transformation in relativistic thermodynamics

This paper reviews conflicting results on relativistic transformation formula for tem-perature obtained by different authors in the last half century, discusses the proper expres-sion for elementary work done under reversible processes, and presents a correct derivationof the transformation formula, rather similar in spirit to that of Einstein. It is pointed outthat the point of view adopted by Eddington, Ott, Mφller and Landsberg are erroneous,and that by correctly carrying out detailed analysis for Mφller's working model, which wasoriginally proposed to disprove Planck-Einstein result, we have arrived instead at a result incomplete agreement with that of Planck-Einstein. Thercupon this long standing controversyover the temperature transformation dilemma for relativistic thermodynamics is clarified.

中等雷诺数圆柱尾流旋涡脱落的控制

介绍通过实验对圆柱尾流旋涡脱落进行抑制的方法及其结果。实验模型的展径比为38，实验的雷诺数范围为3 * 10~2～1.6 * 10~3。抑制方法是在圆柱（直径为D）表面沿展向每隔一定间距伸出一直径0.18D、长度为1.5D的小棒，实验结果表明，当棒间距小于3D，棒与来流夹角在30 °～ 90 °范围内，可有效抑制旋涡脱落。

Las aportaciones del Condado de Treviño a las instituciones de Vitoria en la Edad Moderna: La Colegial de Santa María y el Hospital de Santiago

Ponencia presentada en I Congreso de Estudios Históricos del Condado de Treviño: 850 aniversario de la fundación de la Villa de Treviño, celebrado los días 1,2 y 3 de junio de 2011 en Treviño (Condado de Treviño)

Protected species aerial survey data collection and analysis in waters underlying the R-5306A airspace: final report submitted to US Marine Corps, MCAS Cherry Point

To be in compliance with the Endangered Species Act and the Marine Mammal Protection Act, the United States Department of the Navy is required to assess the potential environmental impacts of conducting at-sea training operations on sea turtles and marine mammals. Limited recent and area-specific density data of sea turtles and dolphins exist for many of the Navy’s operations areas (OPAREAs), including the Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Cherry Point OPAREA, which encompasses portions of Core and Pamlico Sounds, North Carolina. Aerial surveys were conducted to document the seasonal distribution and estimated density of sea turtles and dolphins within Core Sound and portions of Pamlico Sound, and coastal waters extending one mile offshore. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data for each survey were extracted from 1.4 km/pixel resolution Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer remote images. A total of 92 turtles and 1,625 dolphins were sighted during 41 aerial surveys, conducted from July 2004 to April 2006. In the spring (March – May; 7.9°C to 21.7°C mean SST), the majority of turtles sighted were along the coast, mainly from the northern Core Banks northward to Cape Hatteras. By the summer (June – Aug.; 25.2°C to 30.8°C mean SST), turtles were fairly evenly dispersed along the entire survey range of the coast and Pamlico Sound, with only a few sightings in Core Sound. In the autumn (Sept. – Nov.; 9.6°C to 29.6°C mean SST), the majority of turtles sighted were along the coast and in eastern Pamlico Sound; however, fewer turtles were observed along the coast than in the summer. No turtles were seen during the winter surveys (Dec. – Feb.; 7.6°C to 11.2°C mean SST). The estimated mean surface density of turtles was highest along the coast in the summer of 2005 (0.615 turtles/km², SE = 0.220). In Core and Pamlico Sounds the highest mean surface density occurred during the autumn of 2005 (0.016 turtles/km², SE = 0.009). The mean seasonal abundance estimates were always highest in the coastal region, except in the winter when turtles were not sighted in either region. For Pamlico Sound, surface densities were always greater in the eastern than western section. The range of mean temperatures at which turtles were sighted was 9.68°C to 30.82°C. The majority of turtles sighted were within water ≥ 11°C. Dolphins were observed within estuarine waters and along the coast year-round; however, there were some general seasonal movements. In particular, during the summer sightings decreased along the coast and dolphins were distributed throughout Core and Pamlico Sounds, while in the winter the majority of dolphins were located along the coast and in southeastern Pamlico Sound. Although relative numbers changed seasonally between these areas, the estimated mean surface density of dolphins was highest along the coast in the spring of 2006 (9.564 dolphins/km², SE = 5.571). In Core and Pamlico Sounds the highest mean surface density occurred during the autumn of 2004 (0.192 dolphins/km², SE = 0.066). The estimated mean surface density of dolphins was lowest along the coast in the summer of 2004 (0.461 dolphins/km², SE = 0.294). The estimated mean surface density of dolphins was lowest in Core and Pamlico Sounds in the summer of 2005 (0.024 dolphins/km², SE = 0.011). In Pamlico Sound, estimated surface densities were greater in the eastern section except in the autumn. Dolphins were sighted throughout the entire range of mean SST (7.60°C to 30.82°C), with a tendency towards fewer dolphins sighted as water temperatures increased. Based on the findings of this study, sea turtles are most likely to be encountered within the OPAREAs when SST is ≥ 11°C. Since sea turtle distributions are generally limited by water temperature, knowing the SST of a given area is a useful predictor of sea turtle presence. Since dolphins were observed within estuarine waters year-round and throughout the entire range of mean SST’s, they likely could be encountered in the OPAREAs any time of the year. Although our findings indicated the greatest number of dolphins to be present in the winter and the least in the summer, their movements also may be related to other factors such as the availability of prey. (PDF contains 28 pages)

Evolución de las relaciones transfronterizas en el Bidasoa: de la conurbación a la communauté

[ES] Con la entrada de España en la Unión Europea y la desaparición de la frontera se intensifican las relaciones internacionales. Pero también vecinos que habían permanecido alejados se acercan unos a otros. Los municipios de Bajo Bidasoa, es decir, Irún, Hondarribia y Hendaia, conforman una conurbación y como tal deciden hacer frente a las necesidades de su población. Para ello crean el Consorcio transfronterizo del Bidasoa el año 1998 pero las dificultades que supone trabajar en dos países diferentes limita su desarrollo. Frente a ello surgen nuevas instituciones, de origen comarcal, que comienzan a superar algunas de las barreras con las que se topaba el Consorcio, hasta el punto de poner la continuidad de esta entidad en entredicho.

Ablation and ultrafast dynamics of zinc selenide under femtosecond laser irradiation

The ablation in zinc selenide (ZnSe) crystal is studied by using 150-fs, 800-nm laser system. The images of the ablation pit measured by scanning electronic microscope (SEM) show no thermal stress and melting dynamics. The threshold fluence is measured to be 0.7 J/cm2. The ultrafast ablation dynamics is studied by using pump and probe method. The result suggests that optical breakdown and ultrafast melting take place in ZnSe irradiated under femtosecond laser pulses.

高稳定高转换效率光参变放大器倍频抽运光源研究

为了实现光参变放大抽运光源高稳定输出的目的。通过对倍频过程的数值模拟分析，提出倍频中存在“稳定区”的概念，在基频光强一定的条件下（小于倍频晶体破坏阈值），通过非共线双程倍频的方式或串联倍频的方式可有效延长倍频晶体的有效作用长度，保证倍频工作区能够被控制在“稳定区”内，从而实现高稳定高转换效率的倍频输出。实验数据验证了这一结论，实验中，利用非共线双程倍频的方式使得倍频工作区在“稳定区”内，对波动±5．7％的1064nm高斯脉冲基频光，倍频光波动小于±2％，脉冲形状为高阶高斯脉冲，转换效率大于70％，实验结果

Donati Artis Grammaticae Index et Concordantia

615 p.

Broadband infrared luminescence of bismuth-doped borosilicate glasses

We prepare bismuth-doped borosilicate glasses and the luminescence properties in infrared wavelength region are investigated. Transmission spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence decay curve are measured. The glasses exhibit a broad infrared luminescence peaking at 1340nm with the full width at half maximum of about 205nm, and lifetime of 273 mu s when excited by an 808-nm laser diode. The glasses are promising materials for broadband optical amplifiers and tunable lasers.

Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental: Aspectos teóricos

El libro recoge los fundamentos teóricos necesarios para la realización de una Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental

Medio Ambiente y Contaminación. Principios básicos

El contenido del libro incluye una introducción a la contaminación ambiental y al desarrollo sostenible, el estudio del estado de los diferentes receptores ambientales, analizando los contaminantes característicos de cada medio, su análisis, efectos, control y tratamiento. Finalmente, se realiza una breve introducción a la gestión medioambiental.