Magnetic field induced delocalization in multi-wall carbon nanotube-polystyrene composite at high fields

In well dispersed multi-wall carbon nanotube-polystyrene composite of 15 wt%, with room temperature conductivity of similar to 5 S/cm and resistivity ratio R-2K/R-200K] of similar to 1.4, the temperature dependence of conductivity follows a power-law behavior. The conductivity increases with magnetic field for a wide range of temperature (2-200 K), and power-law fits to conductivity data show that localization length (xi) increases with magnetic field, resulting in a large negative magnetoresistance (MR). At 50T, the negative MR at 8 K is similar to 13% and it shows a maximum at 90K (similar to 25%). This unusually large negative MR indicates that the field is delocalizing the charge carriers even at higher temperatures, apart from the smaller weak localization contribution at T < 20 K. This field-induced delocalization mechanism of MR can provide insight into the intra and inter tube transport. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A perturbed martingale approach to global optimization

A new global stochastic search, guided mainly through derivative-free directional information computable from the sample statistical moments of the design variables within a Monte Carlo setup, is proposed. The search is aided by imparting to the directional update term additional layers of random perturbations referred to as `coalescence' and `scrambling'. A selection step, constituting yet another avenue for random perturbation, completes the global search. The direction-driven nature of the search is manifest in the local extremization and coalescence components, which are posed as martingale problems that yield gain-like update terms upon discretization. As anticipated and numerically demonstrated, to a limited extent, against the problem of parameter recovery given the chaotic response histories of a couple of nonlinear oscillators, the proposed method appears to offer a more rational, more accurate and faster alternative to most available evolutionary schemes, prominently the particle swarm optimization. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evolution of deformation texture and magnetic properties in a nanocrystalline nickel-20 wt% cobalt alloy

The evolution of crystallographic texture in a nanocrystalline nickel-20 wt% cobalt alloy has been investigated for deformation up to large strains. The effect of texture on magnetic properties has been evaluated. The material shows characteristic copper-type texture at large strain levels. Microstructural examinations indicate that the evolution of texture is assisted by deformation-induced grain growth. The values of saturation magnetization and coercivity have been correlated with the crystallographic texture and grain size. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Modifications in Trypsin Digestion Protocol for Increasing the Efficiency and Coverage

Standard trypsin digestion protocol of proteins followed by MALDI-MS analysis has been realized as an important tool for the identification and characterization of proteins. In this article, we proposed the elimination of the step of `staining/de-staining of gel pieces' in in-gel digestion protocol in order to improve the efficiency of trypsin digestion. Coomassie dye is known to interfere with digestion of proteins by trypsin and the procedure of staining-de-staining could result in loss of photoaffinity probe, post translational modifications and catalytic activities of enzymes. Further, we studied parameters like hydrophobicity and isoelectric point, and attempted to quantitatively relate it to the efficiency of trypsin digestion. We suggest that properties of proteins should be considered and trypsin digestion protocol should be appropriately modified as per sequence and other information.

RD-TDMA: A Randomized and Distributed TDMA Scheduling for Correlated Contention in WSNs

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), contention occurs when two or more nodes in a proximity simultaneously try to access the channel. The contention causes collisions, which are very likely to occur when traffic is correlated. The excessive collision not only affects the reliability and the QoS of the application, but also the lifetime of the network. It is well-known that random access mechanisms do not efficiently handle correlated-contention, and therefore, suffer from high collision rate. Most of the existing TDMA scheduling techniques try to find an optimal or a sub-optimal schedule. Usually, the situation of correlated-contention persists only for a short duration, and therefore, it is not worthwhile to take a long time to generate an optimal or a sub-optimal schedule. We propose a randomized distributed TDMA scheduling (RD-TDMA) algorithm to quickly generate a feasible schedule (not necessarily optimal) to handle correlated-contention in WSNs. In RD-TDMA, a node in the network negotiates a slot with its neighbors using the message exchange mechanism. The proposed protocol has been simulated using the Castalia simulator to evaluate its runtime performance. Simulation results show that the RD-TDMA algorithm considerably reduces the time required to schedule.

Functional roles of N-terminal and C-terminal domains in the overall activity of a novel single-stranded DNA binding protein of Deinococcus radiodurans

Single-stranded DNA binding protein (Ssb) of Deinococcus radiodurans comprises N- and C-terminal oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) folds connected by a beta hairpin connector. To assign functional roles to the individual OB folds, we generated three Ssb variants: Ssb(N) (N-terminal without connector), Ssb(NC) (N-terminal with connector) and Ssb(C) (C-terminal), each harboring one OB fold. Both Ssb(N) and Ssb(NC) displayed weak single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) binding activity, compared to the full-length Ssb (Ssb(FL)). The level of ssDNA binding activity displayed by SsbC was intermediate between Ssb(FL) and Ssb(N). Ssb(C) and Ssb(FL) predominantly existed as homo-dimers while Ssb(NC)/Ssb(N) formed different oligomeric forms. In vitro, Ssb(NC) or Ssb(N) formed a binary complex with Ssb(C) that displayed enhanced ssDNA binding activity. Unlike Ssb(FL), Ssb variants were able to differentially modulate topoisomerase-I activity, but failed to stimulate Deinococcal RecA-promoted DNA strand exchange. The results suggest that the C-terminal OB fold is primarily responsible for ssDNA binding. The N-terminal OB fold binds weakly to ssDNA but is involved in multimerization. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

Investigations into the structural and down-shifting and up-conversion luminescence properties of Ba2Na1-3xErxNb5O15 (0 <= x <= 0.06) nanocrystalline phosphor synthesized via sol-gel route

The present work deals with the structural and efficient down-shifting (DS) and up-conversion (UC) luminescence properties of erbium ion (Er3+) doped nanocrystalline barium sodium niobate (Ba2Na1-3xErxNb5O15, where x = 0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06) powders synthesized via novel citrate-based sol-gel route. The monophasic nature of the title compound was confirmed via x-ray powder diffraction followed by FT-IR studies. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) facilitated the establishment of the nanocrystalline phase and the morphology of the crystallites. The Kubelka-Munk function, based on diffused reflectance studies and carried out on nano-sized crystallites, was employed to obtain the optical band-gap. The synthesized nanophosphor showed efficient DS/PL-photoluminescence and UC luminescence properties, which have not yet been reported so far in this material. The material emits intense DS green emission on excitation with 378 nm radiation. Interestingly, the material gives intense UC emission in the visible region dominated by green emission and relatively weak red emission on 976 nm excitation (NIR laser excitation). Such a dual-mode emitting nanophosphor could be very useful in display devices and for many other applications.

Efecto de tres niveles de nitrógeno y tres densidades poblacionales sobre el crecimiento, desarrollo y rendimiento en el cultivo de maiz (Zea mays L) Var. NB-6

El presente estudio se estableció durante la época de postrera de 1998, en la hacienda experimental El "Plantel" ubicado a 200 msnm, 12' 03' Latitud Norte y 86° 06' Longitud Oeste, con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de tres niveles de nitrógeno (60, 90, 120 kg/ha) y tres densidades de siembra (56 000, 71 000 y 85000 plantas/ha) sobre el crecimiento, desarrollo y rendimiento del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L). Var. NB-6. El diseño experimental utilizado fue un bifactorial con arreglo de bloques completamente al azar (BCA), cuatro repeticiones realizando un análisis de varianza (ANDEVA) y separación de medias por Duncan con a= 0.05. Los resultados demuestran que hubo diferencia significativa para los factores en estudio en las variables de crecimiento (altura y diámetro del tallo). El factor nitrógeno presento diferencia significativa para la variable de rendimiento de grano obteniéndose los mejores resultados con los niveles de 90 y 120 kg/ha alcanzando promedios de 6 378 y 6 672.40 kg/ha, también el factor densidad mostró diferencia significativa en él número de plantas cosechadas y mazorcas cosechadas que son un componente importante para el rendimiento del cultivo. Los resultados del análisis económico demuestran que la mejor tasa de retomo marginal es de 539.15 % y se obtuvo con el tratamiento (90 kg/N. ha y 71 000 plantas /ha).

Mejoramiento de dos componentes de sistema de producción del cultivo de la soya (Glycine max L.) variedad CEA-CH-86, su efecto sobre el crecimiento y rendimiento del cultivo

El presente trabajo se planificó con la finalidad de mejorar dos componentes del sistema tradicional de producción del cultivo de la soya (Glycine max L.) variedad CEA-CH-86. Por lo tanto, se trabajó con: densidades de siembra y períodos sin y con control de plantas indeseables para encontrar el período crítico de competencia de malezas. Para determinar la densidad óptima de siembra, se estableció un ensayo unifactorial en la época de primera de 2000 en donde se probaron seis densidades de siembra (238 095,250000, 297 619, 357 143, 378 788 y 396 825 plantas/ha. La densidad que indujo al mayor rendimiento se le determinó el período crítico de competencia de malezas, para lo cual se estableció un experimento unifactorial en donde se incluyeron tratamientos sin control y con control de malezas hasta los 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 y 120 dds. De las seis densidades evaluadas, la que dio el mayor rendimiento fue la de 297,619 plantas/ha con una producción de 2,300 kg/ha. Así mismo, se llegó a la conclusión de que el período crítico de competencia de maleza para el cultivo de la soya en la variedad CEA-CH-86 se determinó a partir de los 20 hasta los 60 días después de la siembra.

On the formation of well-aligned ZnO nanowall networks by catalyst-free thermal evaporation method

Two-dimensional ZnO nanowall networks were grown on ZnO-coated silicon by thermal evaporation at low temperature without catalysts or additives. All of the results from scanning electronic spectroscope, X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering confirmed that the ZnO nanowalls were vertically aligned and c-axis oriented. The room-temperature photoluminescence spectra showed a dominated UV peak at 378 nm, and a much suppressed orange emission centered at similar to 590 nm. This demonstrates fairly good crystal quality and optical properties of the product. A possible three-step, zinc vapor-controlled process was proposed to explain the growth of well-aligned ZnO nanowall networks. The pre-coated ZnO template layer plays a key role during the synthesis process, which guides the growth direction of the synthesized products. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

闭合水平环状日珥的磁流体静力学平衡

对太阳进行的H_α单色光观测有时会看到水平环状日珥。本文着重讨论了这种等离子体环的静力学平衡。对于这种轴对称和闭场条件的情形,求得磁场和密度的解析解。本文的结论表明,在不同的重力场和线性无力因子α的影响下,磁面形状和热力学参量的分布会有很大的变化。

高频感应等离子体动力学及其应用

<正> 高频感应等离子体技术是近十多年发展起来的一门新技术,由于它具有无电极污染,弧区大,温度均匀,能提供纯净热源,工质不受限制等特点,在化工、冶金等工业和各个科学技术领域中有着潜在的应用前景.因为过去对能够稳定并控制热等离子体流的某些方法和装置,以及对高频放电理论,等离子体动力学进行了卓有成效的研究,所以促使这个新方向得

在强激光下Ge平行板的动态F-P干涉效应

实验表明,在连续CO_2激光辐照下,Ge平行板透射光强度随时间呈准周期性的变化。基于平行平面板的多光束干涉理论,并考虑激光引起的温升对Ge片折射率和厚度的影响,得到的计算结果与实验相符合。这说明平行平面Ge在高功率连续CO_2激光作用下因折射率和厚度随温度的变化而具有一种动态的法布里-珀罗干涉效应。

广义WKB方法及其对浅水波问题的应用

本文首先指出WKB方法可适用于更广泛的一类方程,并把它应用于线性化浅水波方程。对浅水波焦散区的非线性情形,用广义WKB方法进行了讨论,把文献[4]的结果推广到一般弯曲焦散线的情形。