Using performance measurement models for benefit realization with enterprise systems: The Queensland Government approach (Case Study)

A range of influences, technical and organizational, has encouraged the wide spread adaption of Enterprise Systems (ES). Nevertheless, there is a growing consensus that Enterprise Systems have in the many cases failed to provide the expected benefits to organizations. This paper presents ongoing research, which analyzes the benefits realization approach of the Queensland Government. This approach applies a modified Balance Scorecard. First, history and background of Queensland Government’s Enterprise Systems initiative is introduced. Second, the most common reasons for ES under performance are related. Third, relevant performance measurement models and the Balanced Scorecard in particular are discussed. Finally, the Queensland Government initiative is evaluated in light of this overview of current work in the area. In the current and future work, the authors aim to use their active involvement in Queensland Government’s benefits realization initiative for an Action Research based project investigating the appropriateness of the Balanced Scorecard for the purposes of Enterprise Systems benefits realization.

A comprehensive EA benefit realization model -- An exploratory study

Enterprise architecture (EA) management has be-come an intensively discussed approach to manage enterprise transformations. While there is a strong interest in EA frameworks and EA modeling, a lack of knowledge remains about the theoretical foundation of EA benefits. In this paper, we identify EA success factors and EA benefits through a literature review, and integrate these findings with the DeLone & McLean IS success model to propose a theoretical model explaining the realization of EA benefits. In addition, we con-ducted semi-structured interviews with EA experts for a preliminary validation and further exploration of the model. We see this model as a first step to gain insights in and start a discussion on the theory of EA benefit realization. In future research, we plan to empirically validate the proposed model.

Measuring the realization of benefits from enterprise architecture management

Enterprise architecture management (EAM) has become an intensively discussed approach to manage enterprise transformations. While many organizations employ EAM, a notable insecurity about the value of EAM remains. In this paper, we propose a model to measure the realization of benefits from EAM. We identify EAM success factors and EAM benefits through a comprehensive literature review and eleven explorative expert interviews. Based on our findings, we integrate the EAM success factors and benefits with the established DeLone & McLean IS success model resulting in a model that explains the realization of EAM benefits. This model aids organizations as a benchmark and framework for identifying and assessing the setup of their EAM initiatives and whether and how EAM benefits are materialized. We see our model also as a first step to gain insights in and start a discussion on the theory of EAM benefit realization.

Active and reactive power control of synchronous generator for the realization of a virtual power plant

This paper presents a novel power control strategy that decouples the active and reactive power for a synchronous generator connected to a power network. The proposed control paradigm considers the capacitance of the transmission line along with its resistance and reactance as-well. Moreover the proposed controller takes into account all cases of R-X relationships, thus allowing it to function in Virtual Power Plant (VPP) structures which operate at both medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) levels. The independent control of active and reactive power is achieved through rotational transformations of the terminal voltages and currents at the synchronous generator's output. This paper details the control technique by first presenting the mathematical and electrical network analysis of the methodology and then successfully implementing the control using MATLAB-SIMULINK simulation.

On the realization of the current-driven dust ion-acoustic instability

The current-driven dust ion-acoustic instability in a collisional dusty plasma is studied. The effects of dust-charge variation, electron and ion capture by the dust grains, as well as various dissipative mechanisms leading to the changes of the particles momenta, are taken into account. It is shown that the threshold for the excitation of the dust ion-acoustic waves can be high because of the large dissipation rate induced by the dusts. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.

Simultaneous display of spectrum and image in a single plane, and the realization of a lensless coherent optical processor

A novel method, designated the holographic spectrum reconstruction (HSR) method, is proposed for achieving simultaneous display of the spectrum and image of an object in a single plane. A study of the scaling behaviour of both the spectrum and the image has been carried out and based on this study, it is demonstrated that a lensless coherent optical processor can be realized.

Realization of first order optical systems using thin lensest

A first order optical system is investigated in full generality within the context of wave optics. The problem is reduced to a study of the ray transfer matrices. The simplest such systems correspond to axially symmetric propagation. Realization of such systems by centrally located lenses separated by finite distances is studied. It is shown that, contrary to the commonly held view, the set of first order systems that can be realized using axially symmetric thin lenses exhausts the entire SL(2, R) group; at most three lenses are needed to realize any element of this group. In particular, the inverse of free propagation can be so realized. Among anisotropic systems it is again shown that every element of the lens group Sp(4, R) can be realized using a finite number of thin lenses.

KO2: Realization of Orbital Ordering in a p-Orbital System

KO2 is a molecular solid consisting of oxygen dimers. K present in the lattice donates an electron which goes on to occupy the O p levels.As the basic electronic structure is similar to that of an oxygen molecule, except for broadening due to solid state effects, KO2 represents the realization of the doping of oxygen molecules arranged in a lattice. These considerations alone result in magnetism with high ordering temperatures as our calculations reveal. However, we find that the high temperature structure is unstable to an orbital ordering (OO) transition. The microscopic considerations driving the OO transition, however, are electrostatic interactions instead of the often encountered superexchange driven ordering within the Kugel-Khomskii model often used to describe the OO. This OO transition is also found to preclude any possibility of high magnetic ordering temperatures, which otherwise seemed possible.

Design and realization of high-performance wave-pipelined 8×8 b multiplier in CMOS technology

Wave pipelining is a design technique for increasing the throughput of a digital circuit or system without introducing pipelining registers between adjacent combinational logic blocks in the circuit/system. However, this requires balancing of the delays along all the paths from the input to the output which comes the way of its implementation. Static CMOS is inherently susceptible to delay variation with input data, and hence, receives a low priority for wave pipelined digital design. On the other hand, ECL and CML, which are amenable to wave pipelining, lack the compactness and low power attributes of CMOS. In this paper we attempt to exploit wave pipelining in CMOS technology. We use a single generic building block in Normal Process Complementary Pass Transistor Logic (NPCPL), modeled after CPL, to achieve equal delay along all the propagation paths in the logic structure. An 8×8 b multiplier is designed using this logic in a 0.8 ?m technology. The carry-save multiplier architecture is modified suitably to support wave pipelining, viz., the logic depth of all the paths are made identical. The 1 mm×0.6 mm multiplier core supports a throughput of 400 MHz and dissipates a total power of 0.6 W. We develop simple enhancements to the NPCPL building blocks that allow the multiplier to sustain throughputs in excess of 600 MHz. The methodology can be extended to introduce wave pipelining in other circuits as well

On guessing the realization of an arbitrarily varying source

We present a method to guess the realization of an arbitrarily varying source. Let TU be the type of the unknown state sequence. Our method results in a guessing moment that is within Kn (TU) + O(log n=n) of the minimum attainable guessing moment with full knowledge of source statistics, i.e., with knowledge of the sequence of states sn. The quantity Kn (TU) + O(log n=n) can be interpreted as the penalty one pays for not knowing the sequence of states sn of the source. Kn (TU) by itself is the penalty one pays for guessing with the additional knowledge that the state sequence belongs to type TU. Conversely, given any guessing strategy, for every type TU, there is a state sequence belonging to this type whose corresponding source forces a guessing moment penalty of at least Kn (TU) ¡ O(log n=n).

Design space exploration of systolic realization of QR factorization on a runtime reconfigurable platform

In the world of high performance computing huge efforts have been put to accelerate Numerical Linear Algebra (NLA) kernels like QR Decomposition (QRD) with the added advantage of reconfigurability and scalability. While popular custom hardware solution in form of systolic arrays can deliver high performance, they are not scalable, and hence not commercially viable. In this paper, we show how systolic solutions of QRD can be realized efficiently on REDEFINE, a scalable runtime reconfigurable hardware platform. We propose various enhancements to REDEFINE to meet the custom need of accelerating NLA kernels. We further do the design space exploration of the proposed solution for any arbitrary application of size n × n. We determine the right size of the sub-array in accordance with the optimal pipeline depth of the core execution units and the number of such units to be used per sub-array.

Realization of biferroic properties in La0.6Sr0.4MnO3/0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.3(PbTiO3) epitaxial superlattices

A set of symmetric and asymmetric superlattices with ferromagnetic La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (LSMO) and ferroelectric 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.3(PbTiO3) as the constituting layers was fabricated on LaNiO3 coated (100) oriented LaAlO3 substrates using pulsed laser ablation. The crystallinity, and magnetic and ferroelectric properties were studied for all the superlattices. All the superlattice structures exhibited a ferromagnetic behavior over a wide range of temperatures between 10 and 300 K, whereas only the asymmetric superlattices exhibited a reasonably good ferroelectric behavior. Strong influence of an applied magnetic field was observed on the ferroelectric properties of the asymmetric superlattices. Studies were conducted toward understanding the influence of conducting LSMO layers on the electrical responses of the heterostructures. The absence of ferroelectricity in the symmetric superlattice structures has been attributed to their high leakage characteristics. The effect of an applied magnetic field on the ferroelectric properties of the asymmetric superlattices indicated strong influence of the interfaces on the properties. The dominance of the interface on the dielectric response was confirmed by the observed Maxwell-Wagner-type dielectric relaxation in these heterostructures.

Realization of thermally durable close-packed 2D gold nanoparticle arrays using self-assembly and plasma etching

Realization of thermally and chemically durable, ordered gold nanostructures using bottom-up self-assembly techniques are essential for applications in a wide range of areas including catalysis, energy generation, and sensing. Herein, we describe a modular process for realizing uniform arrays of gold nanoparticles, with interparticle spacings of 2 nm and above, by using RF plasma etching to remove ligands from self-assembled arrays of ligand-coated gold nanoparticles. Both nanoscale imaging and macroscale spectroscopic characterization techniques were used to determine the optimal conditions for plasma etching, namely RF power, operating pressure, duration of treatment, and type of gas. We then studied the effect of nanoparticle size, interparticle spacing, and type of substrate on the thermal durability of plasma-treated and untreated nanoparticle arrays. Plasma-treated arrays showed enhanced chemical and thermal durability, on account of the removal of ligands. To illustrate the application potential of the developed process, robust SERS (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) substrates were formed using plasma-treated arrays of silver-coated gold nanoparticles that had a silicon wafer or photopaper as the underlying support. The measured value of the average SERS enhancement factor (2 x 10(5)) was quantitatively reproducible on both silicon and paper substrates. The silicon substrates gave quantitatively reproducible results even after thermal annealing. The paper-based SERS substrate was also used to swab and detect probe molecules deposited on a solid surface.