Recommended child review and Individualized Education Program forms and instructions /

"These modifications are the result of the 1997 Amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act."--Memorandum.

The expanded food and nutrition education program : historical and statistical profile.

Issued Jan. 1979.

O domínio da leitura e da escrita : por que não eu?

The study and research field of Education is wide and rich, mainly when it goes towards the empirical area of social reality. This research focuses on young and adult subjects who cannot read or write, although they had had access to and attended schools in Natal/RN. The locus of the research are the Municipal Schools that develop the Youth and Adults Education program EJA, having representatives from the North, South, East and West zones of the city, in a total of 6 municipal schools. It analyzes these subjects' replies to the questions: "Why are there young and adults who attended school but still cannot read or write?", What are the exclusion situations they face by not being able to read or write?". From a dialectic view on the subject, the research's strategy for data collection is the semi-structured interview to collect the replies given by the interviewees; replies that are separated by analysis categories presented charts of ideas. The research's results are analyzed and lead us to the conclusion that the affective, organic, cognitive, social, political and pedagogical factors are mentioned by the subjects as reasons why they can not dominate the reading or writing skills. The youth and adults interviewed are not happy with their school failure; the reading and writing learning is something that eases their social inclusion into a society that privileges such abilities, and that with it they could avoid the social exclusion they faced at school, in the work place, at home, in church, at health centers, on the street, at their children's school and in public assistance institutions

Comparing adult-youth and adult-adult online sexual solicitation: Manipulative behaviors, situational factors, and outcomes

Online sexual solicitation (solicitation) of youth has received widespread media and research attention during the last decade. The prevalence rates of youth who have experienced solicitation or solicitation attempts vary between studies depending on the methodology used (e.g., whether youth or adults are the target study group). In studies focusing on youth victims, the prevalence of solicitation attempts made by adults during the past year is typically reported to be between 5 and 9%. Adults who solicit youth online have been found to use deception and other manipulative behaviors to gain access to sexual activities with youth. However, previous studies have lacked a control group of adults who solicit other adults online. Without this comparison, one could argue that deceiving others online about one’s identity, and engaging in manipulative behaviors, is an inherent part of most online sexual interactions with strangers. Additionally, little is known about the associations between manipulative behaviors and the solicitation outcomes. In research concerning offline sexual behaviors, it has been noted that situational factors, such as sexual arousal, may alter both sexual interest and behavior. The effects of situational factors on online sexual behaviors have been less extensively studied (especially so with a quantitative approach); no studies have to date focused on adults’ solicitation of youth. Investigating the role of a lowered sexual age preference and the role of situational factors in the soliciting adults could be an important step in order to receive deeper knowledge of the role of traits and states in the context of solicitation. Additionally, there is a lack of knowledge of the effect of the age of the youth. Although previous studies on solicitation has found that older youth, compared with younger youth and children, are more often solicited, the possible reasons for this have not been investigated. Are adults who solicit youth affected by legal deterrence (through the legal age of consent), is it because older youth are more available online, or are the adults’ age preferences merely a product of a normally distributed age preference in the population? The purpose of the present thesis was fivefold: 1) to obtain an estimate of the frequency of adults’ solicitation of youth as self-reported and observed in actual behavior; 2) to explore whether the legal age of consent (LAC) affects solicitation frequency, or whether a normally distributed sexual age preference more accurately describe the proportion of solicited youth of different ages; 3) to investigate the associations of both traits (e.g., lower sexual age preference) and states (immediate situational factors, such as alcohol intoxication), and the solicitation target; 4) to explore whether adults who solicit youth and adults who solicit adults are equally deceitful and manipulative online, and whether the different solicitation outcomes are as common in both groups; and 5) to investigate whether the deceitful and manipulative behaviors engaged in had different associations with the solicitation outcomes depending on the age of the solicited. In the survey study, a convenience sample of 1393 adult participants (aged 18 years or older) self-reported any online communication with strangers during the past year. Of these, 56% (776 respondents) reported that they had solicited or attempted to solicit at least one stranger. Of the respondents, 453 (58.4%) were men, and 323 (41.6%) were women. Participants with only adult contacts (18 years or older) constituted the majority (640 respondents). In contrast, 136 individuals reported a youth contact (a 13 year old or younger, or a 14 to 17-year old). Approximately half of the participants were men in the adult contact group, while 75% of the participants were men in the youth contact group. Approximately 60% of the participants with youth contacts were recruited from two websites associated with a pedophilic sexual interest. In an online quasi-experimental study, with researchers impersonating youth of different ages (10–18 year olds) in chat rooms, 251 online conversations with chat room visitors made up the entire sample. All chat room visitors alleged to be men. The self-reported frequency of having solicited youth (0–17-year olds) during the past year was approximately 10% in our sample of adults who reported communicating with any strangers online. When we observed this behavior in chat rooms, we found that approximately 30% of the chat room visitors who believed they interacted with a 10 to 14 year old attempted to solicit the youth. We found that solicitation attempts increased equally much when increasing the age of the impersonated youth from 14 to 16, as from 16 to 18. Thus, we concluded that a normally distributed age preference in the population was a more plausible explanation to the effect of the age of the solicited, rather than the LAC (here; 15 and 16). If the chat room visitors would have been deterred only by the LAC, we would have expected that the change in amount of solicitation attempts from an illegal age group to a legal age group would have been significantly stronger than changes between age groups within illegal-illegal and legal-legal groups. Our subsample of survey participants from the pedophilia-related websites expectedly reported that they had solicited youth more often in comparison to the sample gathered through general (i.e., not associated with any particular sexual preference) websites. We also found that participants with a youth contact reported higher levels of sexual arousal and shame before the sexual interaction with their online contact, compared with participants with an adult contact. Additionally, the participants with youth contacts who reported consumption of child- and adolescent pornography also reported being more sexually aroused before the interaction, compared to the participants with youth contacts who did not report consumption of these kinds of pornography. We also found clear indications that the online sexual interaction had an alleviatory effect on reported levels of sadness, boredom and stress, independent of the age of the contact. Generally, the participants with youth and adult contacts reported deceiving their contacts as often and suggesting keeping the communication a secret from someone as often. Participants with a youth contact, however, reported using more persuasion techniques for online sexual purposes or for the purpose of an offline meeting, compared to those with an adult contact. In the chat rooms, we found that more indirect ways of future sexual communication (e.g., continuing chatting) was suggested by the chat room visitors that were under the assumption of interacting with youth aged 10 to 14, compared with more direct means (e.g., meeting offline). Survey participants with youth contacts who had used deception, suggested keeping the interactions a secret, and/or persuaded their contact by appealing to the contacts feelings of love and attachment for the participant had also more often engaged in cybersex with the contact. No other manipulative behaviors were associated with the other investigated solicitation outcomes (receiving a sexual picture, meeting offline, and engaging in sexual contact offline) within this group of participants. However, using deception, suggesting secrecy and using persuasion was also positively associated with certain solicitation outcomes within participants with an adult contact. In summary, adults’ solicitation of youth is much more frequent when observed in chat rooms than self-reported. Additionally, an underlying lowered sexual age preference seems to be a motivating factor on a group level in adults who solicit youth. We concluded that directed prevention efforts should be made on pedophiliarelated websites. Additionally, the role of situational factors, especially sexual arousal in persons with a pedo- or hebephilic sexual interest should be investigated further in the context of online sexual solicitation.

O PROEJA ensino médio no ifrn, campus Caicó: causas da desistência e motivos da permanência

This dissertation deals about the theme of National Integration Program of the Professional Education to the Basic Education in the form of Youth and Adults Education - PROEJA, which was developed at the Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Norte - IFRN - Campus Caicó. It aims to analyze the causes of the abandonment and the reasons for the permanence of students within the mentioned program. To substantiate this research, we used methodologically, some procedures such as bibliographical research, documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews and focus group. To analyze the data, we discussed the contradiction that involves duality and educational compensation based in the struggles and achievements of rights at the core of public policies for high schools, for vocational education and the education of youth and adults in the 2000s. We analyze the integrated high school under PROEJA, having as reference the conception of the total human formation; the inseparability of the primary education system and vocational education and the integration of knowledge and expertise as a whole, discussing the specificities of the modality EJA, discussing the causes of abandonment and the reasons for the permanence of the students of education for youth and adults (EJA) in the primary education system. As for the results, we found that although the PROEJA be a program that aims to provide a complete human formation to contribute to the full citizenship of their graduate members, what is announced in the document that guides its creation has not been materialized in Caicó Campus. The curriculum of the course was not designed for the students of EJA, nor teachers have had an adequate training to work with these specific individuals, and its specificities of being workers with differentiated learning times have not been considered. In addition, the courses are predominantly of instrumentalist characteristics. This indicates that the material and institutional conditions to achieve the promised total and complete training have not being fully materialized at the researched school. Associated with the difficulties concerning the intra-school and extra-school conditions, personal and socioeconomic conditions which are related to the obligation to work that implies in limitations to balance work, school and family, they influenced in the interruption of the school trajectory of these subjects. Through research, we confirmed that the motives of students who remain have to do also with intraescolares conditions the quality of education (qualification of technical staff and teachers) involved in the educational process, as well as socioeconomic and personal issues represented by the support of colleagues and family.Then it is concluded that the causes of abandonment and the reasons of the permanence are of institutional, socioeconomic and personal origins. Finally, it is observed that capitalist society demands as much as possible high levels of educated workers, and at the same time makes difficult the access to that education for much of the population, and it is not randomly. The objects of that exclusion are the popular worker classes and their children

Ensino de física na educação de jovens e adultos: um estudo de caso na formação inicial de professores

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

A política nacional de juventude: assistencialismo ou inovação?

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Trilhas da inclusão escolar percorridas por uma aluna com paralisia cerebral na EJA: concepções e práticas

On this qualitative study, it has been discussed the school inclusion paths done by a student with cerebral palsy, who we call Liz, and who was also the reference and indirect subject for this study. For the representation of landscapes found, it follows throughout historical, political and pedagogical paths, getting through the case study method references on the current Brazilian educational context, analyzing, which concepts are attributed to the inclusion and which practices are developed by educational managers and teachers in a regular school of the City of Natal/RN. The theory which based this research is supported on Vygotsky's central ideas (1991, 1997, 2004) and his followers. Furthermore, it was essential to bring to this investigative journey a literature which could dialogue with the most relevant aspects of the cultural-historical approach, emphasizing the assumptions of a progressive education tendency, which promotes the subject involvement of his/her work in the world and for the world. This way, it was necessary to seek for theoretical support on assistive technology and on alternative communication, in order to show the importance of establishing other communications, which is, to break away from the conventional pattern established by the school. On this journey it was used procedures for the data construction, such as: observation, conducting semistructured interviews and questionnaires; and document analysis that supported and legitimized the inclusion, besides the permanent field diaries record. On the access paths to this landscape it entered in the Youth and Adults Education (Educação de Jovens e Adultos - EJA), seeking to establish a dialogue among Youth and Adult Education and Special Education. It was verified that, still, there are large gaps in these policies articulation. Among the results obtained it was raised discussions on new scenery, in which Youth and Adults Education (EJA) emerges as prominent mode of the established relationships throughout the school inclusion process. There were target reflections on: the planning and evaluation systematic, the pedagogical articulation among the Youth and Adults Education (EJA) teachers and the multifunctional resource room teacher's actions and the continuous training importance of the educators involved. It was considered, therefore, that the necessary mediations for school inclusion may be sustained if the walkers are involved in a permanent contact with the nature of a proposal from the Special Education inclusive perspective

A modelagem matemática como alternativa de ensino e aprendizagem da geometria na educação de jovens e adultos

This is work itself insert in the mathematics education field of the youth and adult education to aim to practitioners of the educational action into the mathematics area performing to with this is teaching kind, adopting to as parameter the Mathematics Molding approach. The motive of the research is to draw up a application proposal of the molding mathematics as teaching and learning geometry alternative in the youth and adult education. The research it develops in three class of the third level (series 5th and 6th) of he youth and adults education in the one school municipal from the Natal outskirts. Its have qualitative nature with participating observation approach, once performing to directly in to research environment as a mathematics teacher of those same classes. We are used questionnaires, lesson notes and analyses of the officials documents as an basis of claim instruments. The results indicates that activity used the mathematic moldings were appreciated the savoir-faire of the student in to knowledge construction process, when search develop to significant learning methods, helping to student build has mathematics connections with other knowledge areas and inside mathematics himself, so much that enlarges your understanding and assist has in your participation in the other socials place, over there propitiate to change in student and teacher posture with relation to mathematic classroom dynamics

As grafias não convencionais da coda silábica nasal: análise de dados de EJA

Este artigo trata das grafias não convencionais da sílaba com coda nasal encontradas em textos escritos por jovens e adultos. Para a descrição desses dados de escrita, são consideradas duas complexidades: (i) a fonético-fonológica da sílaba, particularmente do elemento nasal em coda, e (ii) a da representação ortográfica da nasalidade em português. Sob o aspecto fonético, a coda corresponde a uma redução de energia, o que pode tornar os segmentos que preenchem essa posição da sílaba menos audíveis. Sob o aspecto fonológico, a coda pode ser vista como um constituinte não imediato da sílaba cujo preenchimento sofre restrições. Sob o aspecto ortográfico, são três as possibilidades de registro da nasalidade: , como, respectivamente, em campo, canto, maçã. Argumenta-se que as grafias não convencionais analisadas podem ser motivadas pelas características fonético-fonológicas dos enunciados falados (particularmente, da sílaba com coda nasal) e, também, pelas características das convenções ortográficas dos enunciados escritos (especificamente, as convenções para representação da nasalidade da coda). Defende-se que essas grafias não sejam vistas como erros decorrentes da interferência da fala na escrita, mas como pistas da relação constitutiva dos enunciados falados e escritos.

Breve olhar sobre a sexualidade na fala dos professores da educação de jovens e adultos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interpretação de textos matemáticos: dificuldades na resolução de problemas de geometria plana

A presente dissertação é o resultado de uma investigação qualitativa que tem como objeto de estudo analisar a interpretação de textos matemáticos e as dificuldades na resolução de problemas de Geometria Plana, a partir de registros produzidos pelos sujeitos pesquisados pertencentes a duas turmas do Curso Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio na modalidade de Jovens e Adultos do Instituto Federal de Roraima do ano de 2008; uma turma de Enfermagem e outra de Laboratório. Esta análise foi realizada à luz de teóricos como: Gilles-Gaston Granger e Ludwig Wittgenstein, os quais me fizeram perceber que as "dificuldades" encontradas na aprendizagem da Geometria Plana, segundo os preceitos dos PCNs e observadas nos registros analisados, se dão por meio da complexidade das linguagens apresentadas em sala de aula, tais como: a linguagem natural e a linguagem matemática. Os sujeitos pesquisados apontam "dificuldades" na aprendizagem, quando se deparam com a necessidade de traduzir da linguagem natural para a linguagem matemática, a fim de objetivar por meio da escrita as soluções dos problemas propostos. Essas "dificuldades" podem levá-las ao desestímulo pelo estudo, à desistência e/ou a evasão escolar. Por estes motivos, pretendo com esta pesquisa, encontrar subsídios que possam apontar caminhos para minimizar esta problemática, incentivando-os ao estudo por meio da pesquisa, da leitura diária, de modo que, consigam aprender os conteúdos matemáticos com mais vontade e prazer.

A institucionalização da Língua Brasileira de Sinais no currículo escolar: a experiência da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Castanhal - PA

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o processo de institucionalização da disciplina de Libras no currículo oficial da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Castanhal-Pa.O município inseriu como disciplina obrigatória, da Educação Infantil, Ensino Fundamental Regular e Educação de Jovens e Adultos, a disciplina de Libras, para todos os alunos. A partir deste dado, buscamos fazer um estudo de caso, na referida secretaria, para estudarmos o processo de institucionalização da Libras no currículo. Iniciamos com o levantamento bibliográfico, acerca das seguintes temáticas: Educação Especial, Educação Inclusiva, Educação de Surdos e Currículo. Além disso, realizamos também, o levantamento documental das legislações nacionais e internacionais que norteiam a educação especial e a inclusiva, mais ainda as específicas da área da surdez. Buscamos também, em Castanhal os documentos referentes a inserção da disciplina. Para a coleta de dados, utilizamos a entrevista semi-estruturada com dois técnicos da secretaria e o Secretário de Educação, por estarem ligados diretamente com a inserção da disciplina. E, a partir dos dados, observamos que a Libras foi inserida, pela equipe técnica da secretaria, juntamente com o Secretário de Educação (não envolvendo a comunidade escolar), justificando tal inserção, tanto pela barreira comunicativa do surdo, quanto pela necessidade de uma política inclusiva. Legalmente, a disciplina foi fundamentada no direito à educação, proposto tanto pela Constituição de 1988, quanto pela LDB nº9394/96, além do direito outorgado ao surdo, de ter acesso à Libras, conforme afirma a Lei 10.098/00 e o Decreto nº5626/05 e, no município, a disciplina é inserida, na Parte Diversificada do currículo, por meio do Regimento Unificado da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Castanhal. Para viabilizar a oferta da disciplina, o município: oferece formação para os professores; intérprete de Libras, em algumas escolas; instrutor na equipe técnica, para dar suporte e formação; material didático, produzido pelos professores, com o apoio da equipe técnica e do Secretário, na busca de materiais específicos em Libras, para subsidiar a prática de sala de aula. O município, propõe-se a realizar uma educação bilíngüe, no entanto, permite a comunicação total, além disso, o currículo é permeado de contradições pois, de um lado incentiva a eliminação de barreiras atitudinais, mas, por outro, ainda reflete um modelo médico clínico de surdez, através de conteúdos que ressaltam a deficiência. Além dessa questão, a oferta da disciplina para surdos e ouvintes, exige o tratamento da mesma como primeira e como segunda língua, o que não é contemplado nos cursos de formação. Por fim, percebemos que apesar de ser louvável esta iniciativa, ainda há lacunas, que devem ser problematizadas nesse processo, a fim de construir uma disciplina que respeite o status linguístico e cultural da Libras.

Saberes ribeirinhos quilombolas e sua relação com a educação de jovens e adultos da comunidade de São João do Médio Itacuruçá, Abaetetuba/PA

O estudo foca a relação entre os saberes ribeirinhos quilombolas e Educação de Jovens e Adultos investigando as possibilidades com que os saberes ribeirinhos quilombolas da comunidade de São João do Médio Itacuruçá se relaciona com a Educação de Jovens e Adultos e como se inserem no contexto escolar. De maneira específica buscamos identificar a dimensão do contexto da comunidade de São João destacando os saberes ribeirinhos quilombolas; investigar a relação dos saberes ribeirinhos quilombolas com a Educação de Jovens e Adultos e proporcionar reflexões sobre o desafio da Educação de Jovens e Adultos frente as perspectivas pedagógicas no contexto escolar desses sujeitos. O trabalho foi de cunho qualitativo, com trabalho de campo na comunidade de São João do Médio Itacuruçá com aporte em fontes bibliográficas pertinentes à temática tendo por base livros, dissertações, teses,artigos, sites. Os resultados pontuam a relevância dos saberes ribeirinhos quilombolas na comunidade e, como o quefazer da Educação de Jovens e Adultos,que se constitui meio à organização política vem contribuindo nos novos direcionamentos de uma educação voltada às especificidades de seus sujeitos. Entretanto a comunidade de São João com os saberes próprios diante de suas organizações políticas, ainda não conseguiu inovar pedagogicamente na Educação de Jovens e Adultos, embora perspectivas de mudanças já se façam presente.

Formação inicial de professores e educação de jovens e adultos: possibilidades da extensão universitária

The present work aimed at investigating the possibilities and limits of academic extension programs as an environment for initial teacher learning and training. It also focused on investigating the main difficulties identified by Pedagogy and Social Science students about this initial training regarding its use in actual teaching activities. It focused on undergraduate students’ perceptions concerning their involvement in an academic extension project which enabled them to interact with students as teachers in a Youth and Adult Education program, during a whole academic year. Semi-structured interviews were done with nine participants. The content of these interviews was analyzed and divided into four thematic categories. The results show that, for these students, what makes this kind of project unique is the possibility of acting in real situations, under supervision, which provided a moment for reflection. Focusing on supervision, the students point out that this resource is not usually there in traditional internship situations – and that they consider it an important and necessary aspect. It was also indicated the relevance of practice, self-awareness and teaching activity experiences. In conclusion, it was perceived that academic extension programs must be more intensively appreciated, given the coordinating role it can play between investigative and didactic activities, both key to initial training.