HMDSO和TFM混合气体等离子体聚合膜的结构与性能

在钟罩式内极反应器中进行了六甲基二硅氧烷(HMDSO)和四氟化碳(TFM)混合气体等离子体聚合。用IR、XPS、X射线对聚合膜结构进行了表征。等离子体共聚合膜中含有Si和F,聚合膜中元素组成依赖于起始混合气体单体的比,Si/C元素比随着混合气体中TFM浓度增加而减小,而F/C比增大。测定了复合膜的气体透过性,等离子体共聚合方法是制备气体分离膜的可行方法。同时,还测定了等离子体聚合膜的接触角,并计算了表面能。

Diseño y seguimiento de los TFM en el Máster de Tributación de la UA

Siguiendo con la estela del proyecto iniciado en el curso académico 2013/2014, el objetivo de este nuevo trabajo consiste en reflejar el procedimiento seguido en el ámbito del Máster en Tributación de la UA para la confección del modelo de TFM a desarrollar por los alumnos; el diseño de un sistema de seguimiento adecuado; y la delimitación de los criterios a emplear para su evaluación. El proceso para la consecución de estos propósitos se ha llevado a cabo en un marco de estrecha colaboración entre los miembros de la red, el conjunto de profesores del Máster y su equipo directivo. Así, desde la coordinación académica del título se decidió proceder al nombramiento de una comisión de asesoramiento integrada por miembros del equipo docente del Máster, de composición heterogénea en cuanto a su dedicación profesional, que, valiéndose de su experiencia y elevado nivel de formación, se encargara de adoptar las decisiones más importantes. El cometido básico de la red de investigación constituida ha consistido en supervisar el trabajo de la citada comisión; interactuar y colaborar activamente con sus participantes; realizar tareas de apoyo; participar en el proceso de toma de decisiones; y analizar los resultados derivados de su implantación práctica.

Creación de la Red UCM de emprendimiento universitario internacional a través de las buenas prácticas del TFM del MBA-UCM y las herramientas de Crowdsourcing

Se propone incorporar herramientas del crowdsourcing como mecanismo de incentivo al emprendimiento universitario utilizando como base el Trabajo de Fin de Máster de los alumnos del MBA, creando la Red UCM de emprendimiento universitario a nivel internacional.

Validation tool for traction force microscopy

Traction force microscopy (TFM) is commonly used to estimate cells’ traction forces from the deformation that they cause on their substrate. The accuracy of TFM highly depends on the computational methods used to measure the deformation of the substrate and estimate the forces, and also on the specifics of the experimental set-up. Computer simulations can be used to evaluate the effect of both the computational methods and the experimental set-up without the need to perform numerous experiments. Here, we present one such TFM simulator that addresses several limitations of the existing ones. As a proof of principle, we recreate a TFM experimental set-up, and apply a classic 2D TFM algorithm to recover the forces. In summary, our simulator provides a valuable tool to study the performance, refine experimentally, and guide the extraction of biological conclusions from TFM experiments.

Numerical estimation of 3D mechanical forces exerted by cells on non-linear materials

The exchange of physical forces in both cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions play a significant role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as cell migration, cancer metastasis, inflammation and wound healing. Therefore, great interest exists in accurately quantifying the forces that cells exert on their substrate during migration. Traction Force Microscopy (TFM) is the most widely used method for measuring cell traction forces. Several mathematical techniques have been developed to estimate forces from TFM experiments. However, certain simplifications are commonly assumed, such as linear elasticity of the materials and/or free geometries, which in some cases may lead to inaccurate results. Here, cellular forces are numerically estimated by solving a minimization problem that combines multiple non-linear FEM solutions. Our simulations, free from constraints on the geometrical and the mechanical conditions, show that forces are predicted with higher accuracy than when using the standard approaches.

Modeling and Simulation of Liquid Pulsed Particulate Fluidized Beds

Pulsed fluidization is of considerable interest in process engineering for improving fluidization quality. Quantitative understanding of the pulsed two-phase flow behaviors is very important for proper design and optimum operation of such contactors. The

Numerical Simulation of Pulsed Liquid Fluidized Bed and Its Experimental Validation

The pulsed liquid fluidized bed was studied using numerical simulation and experimental methods, The area-averaged two-fluid model (TFM) was used to simulate the pulsed fluidization. The bed expansion and collapse processes were simulated first and the phenomena obtained from the calculation were consistent with our previous experiments and observations. In the pulsed fluidization, the variation of bed height, the variations of particle velocity and concentration distribution were obtained and analyzed. Experiments were carried out to validate the simulation results. The pressure variation with time at different locations was measured using pressure transducers and compared with the simulated results. The variations of bed height and particle concentration distribution were recorded using a digital video camera recorder. The results were consistent with the simulation results as a whole.

A Trifluoromethyl Analogue of Celecoxib Exerts Beneficial Effects in Neuroinflammation

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马铁菊头蝠不同状态下回声定位声波分析

在自建网室(9 m×4 m×4 m)内驯养马铁菊头蝠(Rhinolophus ferrumequinum),利用超声波探测仪录制蝙蝠不同状态下回声定位声波,声波录制与红外摄像保持同步。结果表明,马铁菊头蝠回声定位声波为调频(FM)/恒频(CF)/调频(FM)型;在蝙蝠接近猎物过程中,声脉冲持续时间和间隔时间显著变短,下调FM(即tFM)组分变得愈为显著,捕捉猎物瞬间,产生捕食蜂鸣;飞行与悬挂状态相比,声脉冲重复率、主频率、声脉冲时间、声脉冲间隔和能率环的差异均达到显著水平。

Construction of an attenuated Pseudomonas fluorescens strain and evaluation of its potential as a cross-protective vaccine

Ferric uptake regulator (Fur) is a global transcription regulator that is ubiquitous to Gram-negative bacteria and regulates diverse biological processes, including iron uptake, cellular metabolism, stress response, and production of virulence determinants. As a result, for many pathogenic bacteria, Fur plays a crucial role in the course of infection and disease development. In this study, the fur gene was cloned from a pathogenic Pseudomonas fluorescens strain, TSS, isolated from diseased Japanese flounder cultured in a local farm. TSS Fur can partially complement the defective phenotype of an Escherichia coli fur mutant. A TSS fur null mutant, TFM, was constructed. Compared to TSS, TFM exhibits reduced growth ability, aberrant production of outer membrane proteins, decreased resistance against host serum bactericidal activity, impaired ability to disseminate in host blood and tissues, and drastic attenuation in overall bacterial virulence in a Japanese flounder infection model. When used as a live vaccine administered via the injection, immersion, and oral routes, TFM affords high levels of protection upon Japanese flounder against not only P.fluorescens infection but also Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Furthermore, a plasmid, pJAQ, was constructed, which expresses the coding element of the Vibrio harveyi antigen AgaV-DegQ. TFM harboring pJAQ can secret AgaV-DegQ into the extracellular milieu. Vaccination of Japanese flounder with live TFM/pJAQ elicited strong immunoprotection against both V. harveyi and A. hydrophila infections. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dielectric responses of anisotropic graded granular composites having arbitrary inclusion shapes

The transformation field method (TFM) originated from Eshelby's transformation field theory is developed to estimate the effective permittivity of an anisotropic graded granular composite having inclusions of arbitrary shape and arbitrary anisotropic grading profile. The complicated boundary-value problem of the anisotropic graded composite is solved by introducing an appropriate transformation field within the whole composite region. As an example, the effective dielectric response for an anisotropic graded composite with inclusions having arbitrary geometrical shape and arbitrary grading profile is formulated. The validity of TFM is tested by comparing our results with the exact solution of an isotropic graded composite having inclusions with a power-law dielectric grading profile and good agreement is achieved in the dilute limit. Furthermore, it is found that the inclusion shape and the parameters of the grading profile can have profound effect on the effective permittivity at high concentrations of the inclusions. It is pointed out that TFM used in this paper can be further extended to investigate the effective elastic, thermal, and electroelastic properties of anisotropic graded granular composite materials.

Transformation field method for calculating the effective properties of isotropic graded composites having arbitrary shapes

A method of transformation field is developed to estimate the effective properties of graded composites whose inclusions have arbitrary shapes and gradient profiles by means of a periodic cell model. The boundary-value problem of graded composites having arbitrary inclusion shapes is solved by introducing the transformation field into the inclusion region. As an example, the effective dielectric response of isotropic graded composites having arbitrary shapes and gradient profiles is handled by the transformation field method (TFM). Moreover, TFM results are validated by the exact solutions of isotropic graded spherical inclusions having a power-law profile and good agreement is obtained in the dilute limit. Furthermore, it is found that the inclusion shapes and the parameters of the gradient profiles can have profound effect on the effective properties of composite systems at high concentration of inclusions.

一株减毒荧光假单胞菌的构建及其交叉免疫保护性研究

铁吸收调节蛋白（Fur）是革兰氏阴性菌中普遍存在的重要的转录调控因子，它调控着不同的生命活动，包括铁的吸收，细胞的新陈代谢，应激反应以及毒力因子的合成。因此，对于许多病原菌来说，Fur在侵染和致病的过程中起到了关键性的作用。本研究从一株分离自患病牙鲆的荧光假单胞菌TSS中克隆得到了fur基因，并且发现TSS Fur能够与fur基因突变的大肠杆菌部分互补。本研究构建了一株TSS fur基因的缺失突变体TFM。研究发现与TSS相比，TFM的生长能力和抵抗宿主血清杀菌能力减弱，外膜蛋白表达异常，在宿主血液和组织中的扩散能力显著降低，并且在以牙鲆为模型的感染实验中发现TFM的毒力较TSS大幅下降。将TFM作为减毒疫苗通过注射、浸泡和口服的途径免疫牙鲆后，发现其对荧光假单胞菌和嗜水气单胞菌皆有很好的保护效应。为了进一步扩展TFM的交叉保护范围，本研究进一步构建了表达哈维氏弧菌抗原AgaV-DegQ的质粒pJAQ，并将其转入TFM中得到TFM/pJAQ。研究发现TFM/pJAQ是一种高效交叉保护疫苗，能同时保护牙鲆抵抗荧光假单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌以及哈维氏弧菌感染。

俯冲带深部流体特征——以西南天山变质俯冲杂岩为例

The subduction zone is an important site of the fluid activity and recycling of chemical elements. The fluid characteristic of deep subduction zones is a top scientific problem attracting the petrologists, geochemists and tectonists. In this dissertation, the characteristics of fluid activity within a deep subduction zone have been explored on the basis of the studies on the petrography, mineral chemistry, fluid inclusions, geochemistry and metamorphic P–T conditions of the omphacite-bearing high-pressure veins and related hosts from the low-temperature/high-pressure metamorphic belt in southwestern Tianshan, China. Multiple high-pressure veins are exposed in host eclogites and blueschists. The veins are composed predominantly of omphacite, garnet, quartz, and other minerals. Some veins contain cm-sized rutiles. In general, the vein can be divided into three types, the ‘in situ dehydration’ vein, the ‘external transport’ vein and the ‘composite’ vein. The omphacites within the veins and related host rocks contain lots of two-phase or three-phase primary fluid inclusions. The final melting temperature (Tfm) of fluid inclusions varies mainly from -0.6 to -4.3 °C, the homogeneous temperature (Th) varies from 185 to 251 °C, the salinity varies from 1.1 to 6.9 wt.% NaCl equivalent and the density varies from 0.81 to 0.9 g/cm3. The fluids were released under the conditions of T = 520–580°C and P = 15–19 kbar at blueschist facies to eclogite facies transition. The fluids include not only Li, Be, LILE, La, Pb-enriched and HFSE- and HREE-depleted aqueous fluids but also HFSE (Ti-Nb-Ta)-rich aqueous fluids. The complex composed of aluminosilicate polymers and F was the catalyst which had caused the Ti-Nb-Ta to be dissolved into the fluids. During the transport of the LILE-rich and HFSE- and HREE-poor fluids, they can exchange some chemical elements with country rocks and leach some trace elements in some extent. The rutile could be precipitated from the HFSE (Ti-Nb-Ta)-rich aqueous fluids when CO2 was added into the fluids. The host rocks could obtain some elements, such as Ca, Cs, Rb, Ba and Th, from the external fluids. The fluids with complex composition had been released within the deep subduction zone (>50 km) in Early Carboniferous during the subduction of the South Tianshan Ocean under the Yili–Central Tianshan Plate. The results obtained in this dissertation have made new progress compared with the published data (e.g. Tatsumi, 1989; Becker et al., 1999; Scambelluri and Philippot, 2001; Manning, 2004; Hermann et al., 2006; Spandler and Hermann, 2006).

花岗岩-LiF-NaF-H_2O体系液相不混溶的实验研究

Liquid segregation phenomena have been found and explained in the F(Li)-rich granites in south China by Wang Linakui et al. (1979; 1983). A number of experimental investigations into the liquid immiscibilities in the granites systems have been carried out (Anfilogov et al., 1983; Glyuk et al., 1971; Glyuk et al., 1973a; 1973b; kovalenko, 1978; Wang Liangkui et al., 1987). Nevertheless, the detailed scenarios of the liquid immiscibilities in the granitic magmas are much less understood. This experimental study is amide to get access to this problem. Starting materials are biotite granite +LiF(3-10%)+NaF(3-10%)+H_2O(30%). The experimental results have shown that the liquid immiscibilities of melts of different compositions occur at 1 kbar and 840 ℃ when 5wt% (LiF + NaF) are added to the granite samples. three kinds of glasses indicating of three types of coexisting immiscible melts have been observed: light blue matrix glass, melanocratic glass balls and leucocratic glass balls. It is interesting that we have observed various kinds of textures as follows: spherulitic texture, droplets, flow bands, swirls. All these textures can be comparable to those in the natural granitic bodies. Electron microprobe data suggest that these different kinds of glasses are of different chemical compositions respectively; matrix glasses are F-poor silicate melts; melanocratic balls correspond to F-rich silicate melts; and leucocratic balls are the melts consisting mainly of fluorides. Raman spectrometric data have indicated that different glasses have different melt structures. TFM Diagrams at 1000 * 10~5 Pa have been plotted, in which two miscible gaps are found. One of the two gaps corresponds to the immiscibility between F - poor silicate melt and F-rich silicate melt, another to that between the silicate melt and fluoride melt. The experiments at different pressures have suggested that the decreases in pressures are favorable to the liquid immiscibility. Several reversal experiments have indicated that the equilibria in different runs have been achieved. We have applied the experimental results to explain the field evidence of immiscibilities in some of granites associated with W-Sn-Nb-Ta mineralization. These field phenomena include flow structure, globular structures,mineralized globular patche and glass inclusions in topaz. We believe that the liquid immiscibility (liquid segregation) is a possible way of generation of F(Li)-rich granites. During the evolution of the granitic magmas, the contents of Li, F, H_2O and ore-forming elements in the magmas become higher and higher. The granites formed in the extensional tectonic settings commonly bear higher abundences of the above-mentioned elements. the pressures of the granitic magmas are relatively lower during the processes of their emplacements and cooling. The late-staged magmas will produce liquid immiscibilities, leading to the production of several coexisting immiscible melts with different chemical compositions. The flow of immiscible consisting magmas will produce F(Li)-rich granites. It is also considered that liquid immiscibilities are of great significance in the production of rare metal granites. The ore-forming processes and magmatic crystallization and metasomatic processes can be occur at the same time. The mineralisations of rare metals are related to both magmatic and hydrothermal processes.