The other side of the threshold : Strindberg's experiments in creative dissection

A 1500-word review of Strindberg: A Life by Sue Prideaux (Yale UP, 2012). One way of classifying biographies is to divide them into those that apply their own interpretative framework – be it psychoanalytic, gender-based, socio-historical, and so on – to a given subject and those that aim to meet the subject, on their own terms, or at least in terms that the subject would recognise...

War and Revolution in St. Petersburg : Modernist Links in the Poetry of Edith Södergran and Anna Andreevna Akhmatova

Important modernists in their own countries, Anna Akhmatova and Edith Södergran are compared in this dissertation as poets whose poetry reflects the climactic events of the early twentieth century in Finland and Russia. A comparatist, biographical and historical approach is used to uncover the circumstances surrounding these events. First the poets’ early works are reviewed and their contemporaries are mentioned to provide a poetic context. Then a brief review of Finnish and Russian history situates them historically. Next, the rich literary diversity of St. Petersburg’s Silver Age is presented and the work of the poets is viewed in context before their poetry is compared, as the First World War, October Revolution and subsequent Finnish Civil War impact their writing. While biography is not the primary focus, it becomes important as inevitably the writers’ lives are changed by cataclysmic events and the textual analysis of the poems in Swedish, Russian and English shows the impact of war on their poetry. These two poets have not been compared before in a critical review in English and this work contributes to needed work in English. They share certain common modernist traits: attention to the word, an intimate, unconventional voice, and a concern with audience. In addition, they both reject formal traditions while they adopt new forms and use modern, outside influences such as art, architecture and philosophy as subject matter and a lens through which to focus their poetry. While it may seem that Anna Akhmatova was the most socially aware poet, because of the censorship she endured under Stalin, my research has revealed that actually Edith Södergran showed the most social consciousness. Thus, a contrast of the poets’ themes reveals these differences in their approaches. Both poets articulated a vibrant response to war and revolution becoming modernists in the process. In their final works created in the years before their deaths, they reveal the solace they found in nature as well as final mentions of the violent events of their youth. Keywords: St. Petersburg, Modernism, Symbolism, Acmeism, Silver Age, Finland-Swedish literature

Drag på parnassen. Två sextiotalsstudier. : Del I: Medelklass med mänskligt ansikte. Medelklassradikalism i fyra romaner av Christer Kihlman, Jarl Sjöblom, Marianne Alopaeus och Ulla-Lena Lundberg. Del II: Modernistdebatten. Sak, person och fält i en finlandssvensk litteraturdebatt år 1965.

The objective of my dissertation Pull (or Draught, or Moves) at the Parnassus , is to provide a deeper understanding of Nordic Middle Class radicalism of the 1960 s as featured in Finland-Swedish literature. My approach is cultural materialist in a broad sense; social class is regarded a crucial aspect of the contents and contexts of the novels and literary discussions explored. In the first volume, Middle Class With A Human Face , novels by Christer Kihlman, Jarl Sjöblom, Marianne Alopaeus, and Ulla-Lena Lundberg, respectively, are read from the points of view of place, emotion, and power. The term "cryptotope" is used to designate the hidden places found to play an important role in all of these four narratives. Also, the "chronotope of the provincial small town", described by Mikhail Bakhtin in 1938, is exemplified in Kihlman s satirical novel, as is the chronotope of of war (Algeria, Vietnam) in those of Alopaeus and Lundberg s. All the four novels signal changes in the way general "scripts of emotions", e.g. jealousy, are handled and described. The power relations in the novels are also read, with reference to Michel Foucault. As the protagonists in two of them work as journalists, a critical discussion about media and Bourgeois hegemony is found; the term "repressive legitimation" is created to grasp these patterns of manipulation. The Modernist Debate , part II of the study, concerns a literary discussion between mainly Finland-Swedish authors and critics. Essayist Johannes Salminen (40) provided much of the fuel for the debate in 1963, questioning the relevance to contemporary life of the Finland-Swedish modernist tradition of the 1910 s and 1920 s. In 1965, a group of younger authors and critics, including poet Claes Andersson (28), followed up this critique in a debate taking place mainly in the newspaper Vasabladet. Poets Rabbe Enckell (62), Bo Carpelan (39) and others defended a timeless poetry. This debate is contextualized and the changing literary field is analyzed using concepts provided by sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. In the thesis, the historical moment of Middle Class radicalism with a human face is regarded a temporary luxury that new social groups could afford themselves, as long as they were knocking over the statues and symbols of the Old Bourgeoisie. This is not to say that all components of the Sixties strategy have lost their power. Some of them have survived and even grown, others remain latent in the gene bank of utopias, waiting for new moments of change.

J. L. Runebergs samlade skrifter i textkritisk belysning

The Collected Works of J. L. Runeberg from the Viewpoint of Textual Scholarship The theoretical framework of this dissertation builds on textual scholarship. The dissertation explores the history of Runeberg’s publications and his relations with his publishers, from his debut and the first editions, through the editions of collected works published during the course of his life, to the later commercial editions, including the critical edition, published in 1933–2005 by the Svenska Vitterhetssamfundet (The Swedish Society for Belles Lettres) and The Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland (The Society of Swedish Literature in Finland). The various editions of Runeberg’s collected works are situated in their respective critical traditions, from the 19th century German Ausgabe letzter Hand, to the influence of Anglo-American bibliography on Swedish textual criticism in the late 20th century. By making use of primary material previously not used for research purposes, the author is able to present a new view on Runebergian publishing history, including Runeberg’s fees and his relations with the censor authorities. There are indications that his Finnish publishers could not bear the cost of his sizable fees, that were in proportion neither with the book market in Finland nor with the numbers of copies sold. Apart from a certain body of editions the primary material is comprised of correspondences, publishing contracts, printing house invoices, as well as censor authority records. One of the conclusions drawn is that the early and detailed biography, Biografiska anteckningar om Johan Ludvig Runeberg (Biographical Notes on …) by J. E. Strömborg is not reliable in matters concerning publishing history, and that this work has been used far too uncritically. The history of the critical edition gets a chapter of its own, based on primary material in Swedish and Finnish archives. Finally, the author analyses the critical choices, made primarily in the critical edition, and uses examples from the commercial editions to study the editors’ interventions over time, from the 1850s to the 1920s. The changes to the text are usually small and subtle, but cumulative – and in some cases, crucial for the interpretation of the work. One objective of textual scholarship should be to examine the publishing history of a single work or of an author’s œuvre, and another to pay attention both to changes in a work as such and to the shifts of meaning they might entail.

Vaggvisor i Kvevlax : Språkliga strukturer och konstruktioner

Lullabies in Kvevlax. Linguistic structures and constructions. The study is a linguistic analysis of constructions that shape the texts used in lullabies in Kvevlax in Ostrobothnia in Finland. The empirical goal is to identify linguistic constructions in traditional lullabies that make use of the dialect of the region. The theoretical goal was to test the usability of Construction Grammar (CxG) in analyses of this type of material, and to further develop the formal description of Construction Grammar in such a way as to make it possible to analyze all kinds of linguistically complex texts. The material that I collected in the 1960s comprises approximately 600 lullabies and concomitant interviews with the singers on the use of lullabies. In 1991 I collected additional material in Kvevlax. The number of informants is close to 250. Supplementary material covering the Swedish-language regions in Finland was compiled from the archives of the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland. The first part of the study is mainly based on traditional grammar and gives general information about the language and the structures used in the lullabies. In the detailed study of the Kvevlax lullabies in the latter part of the study I use a version of Construction Grammar intended for the linguistic analysis of usage-based texts. The analysis focuses on the most salient constructions in the lullabies. The study shows that Construction Grammar as a method has more general applicability than traditional linguistic methods. The study identifies important constructions, including elements typical of this genre, that structure the text in different variants of the same lullabies. In addition, CxG made it possible to study pragmatic aspects of the interactional, cultural and contextual language that is used in communication with small children. The constructions found in lullabies are also used in language in general. In addition to being able to give detailed linguistic descriptions of the texts, Construction Grammar can also explain the multidimensionality of language and the variations in the texts. The use of CxG made it possible to show that variations are not random but follow prototypical linguistic patterns, constructions. Constructions are thus found to be linguistic resources with built-in variation potentials.

Sveriges bibliografi, 1481-1600. : Band I ... 1481-1530 /

Two volumes in continuation and a new edition of this first volume were published by Isak Collijn (Uppsala, 1927-38) with title: Sveriges bibliografi intill ȧr 1600.

Illustrerad svensk litteraturhistoria

1. delen. Sveriges litteratur til frihetstidens början, af Henrik Schück.--2. delen. Sveriges litteratur under frihetstiden och Gustavianska tidehvarfvet, af Karl Warburg.--3. delen. Sveriges litteratur under nyhumanismens och nyromantikens tid (från 1809 till inemot 1830-talets slut) af Karl Warburg.--4. delen. Svensk litteratur under realismens och efterhumanismens samt naturalismens tid (från senare hälften af 1830-talet till inemot sekelskiftet)

Samlade skrifter /

v. 1. Legender och visor and Nya dikter -- v. 2. Dikter, Sista dikter and Kung Salomo och Morolf -- v. 3. Ungdomsnoveller -- v. 4. Lifvets fiender and Magistrarne i Österås (2 v.) -- v. 5. Rococonoveller -- v. 6. Sista noveller -- v. 7. Från Gustaf III:s dagar -- v. 8. Diktare och drömmare -- v. 9. Svenska gestalter -- v. 10. Essayer I -- v. 11. Essayer II -- v. 12. Carl von Linné and Johan Wellander (2 v.) -- v. 13. Svensk litteratur I -- v. 14. Svensk litteratur II -- v. 15. Nordisk litteratur -- v. 16. Utländsk litteratur -- v. 17. Teater och drama under Gustaf III -- v. 18. Gustaf III som dramatisk författare -- v. 19. Svensk konst och svensk natur -- v. 20. Niclas Lafrensen d.y. och förbindelserna mellan Svensk och Fransk målarkonst på 1700-talet --v. 21. Utländsk konst -- v. 22. Studier öfver Jacques Callot -- v. 23. Resebref -- v. 24. För och mot.

Biblioteksbladet.

Imprint varies.

Allgemeines Schwedisches Gelehrsamkeits-Archiv unter Gustafs des Dritten Regierung. Erster theil für das jahr 1772. Von verschiedenen Gelehrten in Schweden aus gearbeitet, und her ausgegeben /

Mode of access: Internet.

Sveriges vittra storhetstid, 1730-1850.

pt. 1 Frihetstiden.--pt. 2 Gustaf IIIs tid och Eftergustavianerne.

Den romantiska tidsåldern i svensk litteratur.

"Biografiska notiser och litteratur" at end of each chapter.

Svenska Parnassen : ett urval ur Sveriges klassiska literatur /

Includes biographical notes.

Essayer och kritiker.

Mode of access: Internet.

Samlade vitterhesarbeten af svenska författare från Stjernhjelm till Dalin /

v.1--G. Stjernhjelm, G. Rosenhane, och J. Columbus. v.2--Thomas, Urban, Carl Urban, Johan och Erland Fredrik Hjärne. v.4--P. Lagerlöf, E. Lindschöld, Edmund, Nils och Carl Gripenhjelm, J. G. Werwing och J. T. Geisler. v.5--Wollimhaus-Gyllenborg. v.6--G. Eurelius, C. Leyoncrona I. Holmstrm̈, J. Paulinus och O. Wexionius. v.7--Magnus Gabriel de la Gardie, Jacob Arrhenius, Israel Kolmodin, Gustaf Ollon, Jacob Boëthius och Peter Brask. v.8--Märta Berendes, Ebba Marie och Joh. Eleonora de la Gardie, Amalia Wilh. och Maria Aurora von Königsmark, Thorsten Rudeen samt Carl och Ulrik Rudenschöld. v.9--Sven Dalius. Lars Wivallius och Johan Gabriel von Beyer. v.10--Lasse Johanson (Lucidor den Olycklige) och Nils Keder. v.11--En svensk fånge i Simbirsk, And. Rydelius, Harald Oxe, Germund, Carl Gustaf och Carl Wilhelm Cederhjelm. v.12--Olaf Rudbeck, (Far och sön) Erik Wennaesius, Carl Arosell, och Henrik Georg von Brobergen. v.13--Andreas Wallenius, Johan Vultejus, Christ. Tiburtius, Ernst Gestrinius, Michael Renner, Jonas Hjortzberg, och Peter Warnmark. v.15--J. Svedberg, H. Ausius, A. Amnelius, N. Tiällman, J. Schmedeman, P. Törnevall, och C. Eldh. v.16--Samuel Westhius, Gabr. Tuderus, W. von Rosenfeldt, Lars Stjerneld, Didr. Granatenflycht, Daniel Achrelius, Johan Risell, Lars Salvius, och Olof Carelius. v.17--Sophia Elisabeth Brenner. v.19--Johan Göstaf Hallman, Gustaf Palmfelt, och Carl Johan Lohman. v.22--Samuel Petri Brask, Magnus Stenbock, Jacob Fabricius.