A comparative study between centralization and decentralization of diagnostic reasoning in EPS

Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores

Vegetables, an innovative nut: A Marketing Plan developed for PepsiCo Iberia

A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics

Desenvolvimento de ferramenta vocacionada para o dimensionamento de estruturas metálicas de acordo com a NP EN 1993-1-1

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

Toimittaja-arvioinnin ja toimitusvalvonnan kehittäminen metsäteollisuuden kunnossapitoyrityksessä

Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli kehittää toimitusvalvontaa ja toimittaja-arviointia metsäteollisuuden kunnossapitoyrityksen toiminnanohjausjärjestelmän sekä toimintatapojen osalta. Tutkimus toteutettiin haastattelemalla yrityksen eri yksiköiden hankintaorganisaatioita sekä valittuja toimittajia ja sidosryhmiä. Tutkimuksessa myös tutustuttiin kohdeyrityksen SAP R/3 -järjestelmän nykyisiin hyödynnettyihin ja hyödyntämättömiin ominaisuuksiin. Työn teoreettinen viitekehys perustui hankintatoiminnan ja kunnossapidon kehityssuuntien sekä soveltuvien teknologisten ratkaisujen tarkasteluun kunnossapitoyrityksen toimintaympäristössä. Tutkimuksessa havaittuja kehitystarpeita arvioitiin järjestelmäasiantuntijoiden ja muodostetun laatukustannusten laskentamallin avulla. Toimittaja-arviointi rajattiin tutkimuksessa koskemaan toimitusvarmuuden ja laatupoikkeamien jatkuvaa, keskitettyä raportoinnin työkalujen hyödyntämistä. Toimitusvalvonnan parantamiseksi arvioitiin kunnossapitotoimintaan ja kunnossapidon hankintoihin soveltuvaa ratkaisua. Kehitysehdotuksia ja suosituksia ilmeni useita ja ne ryhmiteltiin kohdeyrityksen kannalta helposti toteutettaviin tai toimintamalleista johtuviin, kohtalaisia muutoksia vaativiin ja suuria muutoksia vaativiin hankkeisiin.

Hakun kulutusosien materiaalivaihtoehdot sellutehtaan puunkäsittelylaitoksen erilaisiin prosessiolosuhteisiin

Selluteollisuuden puunkäsittelylaitoksilla laitteiden kuluminen on prosessin luonteesta johtuen suurta ja kulumisen aiheuttamat kunnossapitokustannukset laitteiden elinkaaren aikana ovat huomattavia. Näissä olosuhteissa toimivan hakun osien kulumista on tutkittu ja tutkimusten pohjalta on kehitetty kulutusta kestäviä materiaalivaihtoehtoja. Vaihtoehtojen vertailut prosesseittain kuitenkin puuttuvat. Terävasteen osalta tutkimus- ja kehitystyötä on tehty vähän. Tässä diplomityössä selvitetään ja vertaillaan hakun kulutusosien kulumismekanismeja, osien materiaalivaihtoehtoja, valmistus- ja kunnostusmenetelmiä ja -kustannuksia laitteen elinkaaren aikana kolmessa erilaisessa puunkäsittelyprosessissa. Työssä annetaan suosituksia kuhunkin prosessiin ja kunnossapitostrategiaan parhaiten soveltuvista ratkaisuista. Työn Case-osuudessa tutkitaan uusia kulutusta kestäviä materiaalivaihtoehtoja terävasteelle. Case-tutkimuksen tuloksena löydettiin terävasteelle kolme uutta materiaalivaihtoehtoa sekä muita vaihtoehtoja, joiden käyttökelpoisuutta kannattaa tutkia lisää. Samalla saatiin terävasteelle parempaan laatuun pystyvä ja kilpailukykyisempi toimittaja. Tutkimuksen perusteella saatiin uusia suosituksia myös muiden kulutusosien materiaali- ja/tai pinnoitusvaihtoehdoiksi. Tuloksista voidaan mainita lisäksi, että kulutusosille löydettiin suositeltavimmat elinkaarikustannuksiltaan edullisimmat vaihtoehdot. Kulutusosien kunnostamiseen liittyen havaittiin, että kunnostaminen on kannattavaa yhtä poikkeusta lukuun ottamatta. Kunnostusprosessista löydettiin kehitettävää. Työn tuloksena saatiin myös useita uusia kehittämisideoita ja runsaasti suosituksia jatkotoimenpiteistä. Hakun kulutusosien nykytilasta saatiin hyvä käsitys ja kattava tietopaketti.

Integrating top down policies and bottom up practices in Urban and Periurban Agriculture: an Italian dilemma

The paper deals with some relevant and contradictory aspects of urban and peri-urban agriculture in Italy: the traditional exclusion of agricultural areas from the goals of territorial planning; the separation between top-down policies and bottom-up practices; the lack of agricultural policies at local scale. In the first part the paper summarises the weak relation between urban planning and agriculture, showing how in Italy this gap has been only partially overcome by new laws and plans. Moreover the paper focuses on how, due to the lack of suitable solutions coming from regional and local planning, a large number of vibrant initiatives were started by local stakeholders. In order to show the limitations and the potentialities of these various approaches, three peculiar experiences based on Milan, Turin and Pisa are presented. They give a cross-section of the variegated Italian situation, demonstrating that a major challenge in Italian context affects the fields of governance and inclusiveness.

Evaluation of integrated inverter topologies for low power PV systems

This work presents the stage integration in power electronics converters as a suitable solution for solar photovoltaic inverters. The rated voltages available in Photovoltaic (PV) modules have usually low values for applications such as regulated output voltages in stand-alone or grid-connected configurations. In these cases, a boost stage or a transformer will be necessary. Transformers have low efficiencies, heavy weights and have been used only when galvanic isolation is mandatory. Furthermore, high-frequency transformers increase the converter complexity. Therefore, the most usual topologies use a boost stage and one inverter stage cascaded. However, the complexity, size, weight, cost and lifetime might be improved considering the integration of both stages. These are the expected features to turn attractive this kind of integrated structures. Therefore, some integrated converters are analyzed and compared in this paper in order to support future evaluations and trends for low power single-phase inverters for PV systems. © 2011 IEEE.

Metrics to support the evaluation of association rule clustering

Many topics related to association mining have received attention in the research community, especially the ones focused on the discovery of interesting knowledge. A promising approach, related to this topic, is the application of clustering in the pre-processing step to aid the user to find the relevant associative patterns of the domain. In this paper, we propose nine metrics to support the evaluation of this kind of approach. The metrics are important since they provide criteria to: (a) analyze the methodologies, (b) identify their positive and negative aspects, (c) carry out comparisons among them and, therefore, (d) help the users to select the most suitable solution for their problems. Some experiments were done in order to present how the metrics can be used and their usefulness. © 2013 Springer-Verlag GmbH.

Habibi. Proposta di traduzione di un romanzo young adult

This dissertation intends to present and analyse the translation from English into Italian of the first twenty-five chapters of Habibi, a teenager and young adult’s novel written by the Palestinian-American author Naomi Shihab Nye. It has been necessary to present the theoretical approach to the literary translation studies, in order to focus the attention on the translation problems and provide suitable solutions and strategies. The first chapter gives an historical perspective on children’s literature from the end of the Nineteenth century till today, distinguishing the Italian and the American contexts. The description of the evolution process of this literary genre, which developed to satisfy the needs of the educational system, is its central issue. At the end of the chapter, we outline the main traits characterizing children’s literature and the image of the ideal reader. The second chapter provides an overview on Palestinian literature, especially on the features of the contemporary novel and the Diaspora literature. Afterwards, we present the author Naomi Shihab Nye and the book Habibi. In the third chapter we analyze the novel, focusing the attention on the rhythm of the narration, on the linguistic registers and the textual peculiarities found during the reading stage, according to the features of the children’s literature. The fourth chapter consists of the translation of the first twenty-five chapters of the novel. The fifth chapter begins with a section about the translation theory, the literary translation studies, focusing on the translation of children’s literature. Finally, there is the translation analysis. Here we present the strategies and the choices of the translation process, along with some practical examples with reference to theoretical studies. Special attention is paid to culture-specific items, lexicon and syntax.The source text can be found in appendix.

Not for Designers: On the Inadequacies of EU Design Law and How to Fix It

Design rights represent an interesting example of how the EU legislature has successfully regulated an otherwise heterogeneous field of law. Yet this type of protection is not for all. The tools created by EU intervention have been drafted paying much more attention to the industry sector rather than to designers themselves. In particular, modern, digitally based, individual or small-sized, 3D printing, open designers and their needs are largely neglected by such legislation. There is obviously nothing wrong in drafting legal tools around the needs of an industrial sector with an important role in the EU economy, on the contrary, this is a legitimate and good decision of industrial policy. However, good legislation should be fair, balanced, and (technologically) neutral in order to offer suitable solutions to all the players in the market, and all the citizens in the society, without discriminating the smallest or the newest: the cost would be to stifle innovation. The use of printing machinery to manufacture physical objects created digitally thanks to computer programs such as Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software has been in place for quite a few years, and it is actually the standard in many industrial fields, from aeronautics to home furniture. The change in recent years that has the potential to be a paradigm-shifting factor is a combination between the opularization of such technologies (price, size, usability, quality) and the diffusion of a culture based on access to and reuse of knowledge. We will call this blend Open Design. It is probably still too early, however, to say whether 3D printing will be used in the future to refer to a major event in human history, or instead will be relegated to a lonely Wikipedia entry similarly to ³Betamax² (copyright scholars are familiar with it for other reasons). It is not too early, however, to develop a legal analysis that will hopefully contribute to clarifying the major issues found in current EU design law structure, why many modern open designers will probably find better protection in copyright, and whether they can successfully rely on open licenses to achieve their goals. With regard to the latter point, we will use Creative Commons (CC) licenses to test our hypothesis due to their unique characteristic to be modular, i.e. to have different license elements (clauses) that licensors can choose in order to adapt the license to their own needs.”

Hand Image Segmentation by means of Gaussian Multiscale Aggregation for biometric applications

Applying biometrics to daily scenarios involves demanding requirements in terms of software and hardware. On the contrary, current biometric techniques are also being adapted to present-day devices, like mobile phones, laptops and the like, which are far from meeting the previous stated requirements. In fact, achieving a combination of both necessities is one of the most difficult problems at present in biometrics. Therefore, this paper presents a segmentation algorithm able to provide suitable solutions in terms of precision for hand biometric recognition, considering a wide range of backgrounds like carpets, glass, grass, mud, pavement, plastic, tiles or wood. Results highlight that segmentation accuracy is carried out with high rates of precision (F-measure 88%)), presenting competitive time results when compared to state-of-the-art segmentation algorithms time performance

Reforming the Market Design of EU Electricity Markets: Addressing the Challenges of a Low-Carbon Power Sector. CEPS Task Force Report, 27 July 2015

This CEPS Task Force Report focuses on whether there is a need to adapt the EU’s electricity market design and if so, the options for doing so. In a first step, it analyses the current market trends by distinguishing between their causes and their consequences. Then, the current blueprint of EU power market design – the target model – is briefly introduced, followed by a discussion of the shortcomings of the current approach and the challenges in finding suitable solutions. The final chapter offers an inventory of solutions differentiating between recommendations shared among Task Force members and non-consensual options.

Servitization capabilities for advanced services:a multi-actor perspective

Servitization is the process by which manufacturers add services to their product offerings and even replace products with services. The capabilities necessary to develop and deliver advanced services as part of servitization are often discussed in the literature from the manufacturer’s perspective, e.g., having a service-focused culture or the ability to sell solutions. Recent research has acknowledged the important role of customers and, to a lesser extent, other actors (e.g., intermediaries) in bringing about successful servitization, particularly for use-oriented and results-oriented advanced services. The objective of this study is to identify the capabilities required to successful develop advanced services as part of servitization by considering the perspective of manufacturers, intermediaries and customers. This study involved interviews with 33 managers in 28 large UK-based companies from these three groups, about servitization capabilities. The findings suggest that there are eight broad capabilities that are important for advanced services; 1) personnel with expertise and deep technical product knowledge, 2) methodologies for improving operational processes, helping to manage risk and reduce costs, 3) the evolution from being a product- focused manufacturer to embracing a services culture, 4) developing trusting relationships with other actors in the network to support the delivery of advanced services, 5) new innovation activities focused on financing contracts (e.g., ‘gain share’) and technology implementation (e.g., Web-based applications), 6) customer intimacy through understanding their business challenges in order to develop suitable solutions, 7) extensive infrastructure (e.g., personnel, service centres) to deliver a local service, and 8) the ability to tailor service offerings to each customer’s requirements and deliver these responsively to changing needs. The capabilities required to develop and deliver advanced services align to a need to enhance the operational performance of supplied products throughout their lifecycles and as such require greater investment than the capabilities for base and intermediate services.

A individualidade e a exclusividade na arquitectura

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

Control of nutrient solutions for studies at high pH

Little is known about factors effecting plant growth at high pH, with research often limited by the inability to separate nutritional deficiencies and HCO3- toxicity from the direct limitations imposed under high pH conditions. Various methods of controlling dilute nutrient solutions for studies at high pH were investigated. For short-term studies, it was found that a solution without Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn and aerated with CO2 depleted air, greatly reduced nutrient precipitation at high pH, thus eliminating nutritional differences between treatments. Manual pH adjustment and the use of ion exchange resins as pH buffers were unsuitable methods of pH control. However, pH control by automated titration had little effect on solution composition while maintaining constant pH. The system described is suitable for studies in which the pH of the bulk nutrient solution must be maintained. The system was used to examine OH- toxicity in mungbeans (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek cv. Emerald), with root length reduced at a bulk solution pH of 8.5 and greater.