Radiation pasteurization of shrimp : final summary report for the period January-December, 1962 /

"Contract Number AT-(40-1)-2951."

Radiation pasteurization of shrimp; final summary report for the period January-December, 1963 /

"Contract Number AT-(40-1)-2951."

Radiation pasteurization of shrimp and oysters : final summary report for the period January-December, 1964 /

"Contract Number AT-(40-1)-2951."

A study of the effect of ionizing radiation on resistance, germination, and toxin synthesis of Clostridium botulinum spores, types A, B, and E

At head of title: The University of Michigan, College of Engineering, Dept. of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering. Final report.

大功率电子加速器的辐射灭菌效果研究

To study the effects of radiation sterilization of the electron beam,the three species of microorganisms,Escherichia.coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris were irradiated with the electron beam,delivered by the electron accelerator independently developed by the Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and the changes of superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity of these irradiated microorganisms were also tested.The results indicated that the Staphylococcus aureus were fully radio-sterili...中文摘要：在中国科学院近代物理研究所自行研制的大功率电子加速器上,研究了不同辐照剂量的电子束对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和变形杆菌3种微生物的杀灭效果,同时检测了辐照后菌体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化。结果显示:辐照剂量达到2.0 kGy时,可完全杀灭金黄色葡萄球菌,2.2 kGy时可完全杀灭大肠杆菌和变形杆菌;辐照对3种微生物的SOD活性有较显著的影响。

Radiosterilization of edible fish, mollusks, and crustaceans : a literature search /

"August 1961."

Ionizing radiations; their production, effects, and utilization, with special reference to food and packaging technology.

Mode of access: Internet.

Food preservation by irradiation, 1951-58.

Supplement (5 p.), issued in 1960.

Relationship of exposure to toxic chemicals and reproductive impairment [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-seventh Congress, second session, July 27, 1982.

"No. 158."

The Role of Cell Sterilization in Population Based Studies of Radiogenic Second Cancers Following Radiation Therapy

Advances in radiotherapy have generated increased interest in comparative studies of treatment techniques and their effectiveness. In this respect, pediatric patients are of specific interest because of their sensitivity to radiation induced second cancers. However, due to the rarity of childhood cancers and the long latency of second cancers, large sample sizes are unavailable for the epidemiological study of contemporary radiotherapy treatments. Additionally, when specific treatments are considered, such as proton therapy, sample sizes are further reduced due to the rareness of such treatments. We propose a method to improve statistical power in micro clinical trials. Specifically, we use a more biologically relevant quantity, cancer equivalent dose (DCE), to estimate risk instead of mean absorbed dose (DMA). Our objective was to demonstrate that when DCE is used fewer subjects are needed for clinical trials. Thus, we compared the impact of DCE vs. DMA on sample size in a virtual clinical trial that estimated risk for second cancer (SC) in the thyroid following craniospinal irradiation (CSI) of pediatric patients using protons vs. photons. Dose reconstruction, risk models, and statistical analysis were used to evaluate SC risk from therapeutic and stray radiation from CSI for 18 patients. Absorbed dose was calculated in two ways: with (1) traditional DMA and (2) with DCE. DCE and DMA values were used to estimate relative risk of SC incidence (RRCE and RRMA, respectively) after proton vs. photon CSI. Ratios of RR for proton vs. photon CSI (RRRCE and RRRMA) were then used in comparative estimations of sample size to determine the minimal number of patients needed to maintain 80% statistical power when using DCE vs. DMA. For all patients, we found that protons substantially reduced the risk of developing a second thyroid cancer when compared to photon therapy. Mean RRR values were 0.052±0.014 and 0.087±0.021 for RRRMA and RRRCE, respectively. However, we did not find that use of DCE reduced the number of patents needed for acceptable statistical power (i.e, 80%). In fact, when considerations were made for RRR values that met equipoise requirements and the need for descriptive statistics, the minimum number of patients needed for a micro-clinical trial increased from 17 using DMA to 37 using DCE. Subsequent analyses revealed that for our sample, the most influential factor in determining variations in sample size was the experimental standard deviation of estimates for RRR across the patient sample. Additionally, because the relative uncertainty in dose from proton CSI was so much larger (on the order of 2000 times larger) than the other uncertainty terms, it dominated the uncertainty in RRR. Thus, we found that use of corrections for cell sterilization, in the form of DCE, may be an important and underappreciated consideration in the design of clinical trials and radio-epidemiological studies. In addition, the accurate application of cell sterilization to thyroid dose was sensitive to variations in absorbed dose, especially for proton CSI, which may stem from errors in patient positioning, range calculation, and other aspects of treatment planning and delivery.

A study of the effects of sub-sterilization doses of radiation on the storage life extension of soft-shelled clams and haddock fillets : final summary for the period May 1961-May 1962 /

"Contract number AT(30-1)-2329, Task XII and under Contract number AT(30-1)-3006, Task XII."

Effectiveness of Microwave Sterilization on Three Hard Chairside Reline Resins

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of microwave irradiation sterilization on hard chairside reline resins. Materials and Methods: Specimens of three reline resins (Kooliner, Tokuso Rebase, and Ufi Gel Hard) were fabricated and subjected to ethylene oxide sterilization. The specimens were then individually inoculated (107 cfu/mL) with Tryptic Soy Broth media containing one of the tested microorganisms (C albicans, S aureus, B subtilis, and P aeruginosa). After 48 hours at 37°C, the samples were vortexed for 1 minute and allowed to stand for 9 minutes, followed by a short vortex to resuspend any organisms present. After inoculation, 40 specimens of each material were immersed in 200 mL of water and subjected to microwave irradiation at 650 W for 6 minutes. Forty non-irradiated specimens were used as positive controls. Replicate specimens (25 μL) of suspension were plated at dilutions of 10-3 to 10-6 on plates of selective media appropriate for each organism. All plates were incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. After incubation, colonies were counted, and the data were statistically analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Twelve specimens of each material were prepared for SEM. Results: All immersed specimens showed consistent sterilization of all the individual organisms after microwave irradiation. SEM examination indicated an alteration in cell morphology after microwave irradiation. Conclusion: Microwave sterilization for 6 minutes at 650 W proved to be effective for the sterilization of hard chairside reline resins.

Effects of ionizing radiation and preservation on biomechanical properties of human costal cartilage

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)