Development of the DEPLOY computer math model for the investigation of various airbag and crash parameters on the out-of-position occupant. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Some past decision theory models for euro construction model codes and for road drainage in Spain, and modest hints with multi-criteria methods for agro and environmental assurance

The authors are from UPM and are relatively grouped, and all have intervened in different academic or real cases on the subject, at different times as being of different age. With precedent from E. Torroja and A. Páez in Madrid Spain Safety Probabilistic models for concrete about 1957, now in ICOSSAR conferences, author J.M. Antón involved since autumn 1967 for euro-steel construction in CECM produced a math model for independent load superposition reductions, and using it a load coefficient pattern for codes in Rome Feb. 1969, practically adopted for European constructions, giving in JCSS Lisbon Feb. 1974 suggestion of union for concrete-steel-al.. That model uses model for loads like Gumbel type I, for 50 years for one type of load, reduced to 1 year to be added to other independent loads, the sum set in Gumbel theories to 50 years return period, there are parallel models. A complete reliability system was produced, including non linear effects as from buckling, phenomena considered somehow in actual Construction Eurocodes produced from Model Codes. The system was considered by author in CEB in presence of Hydraulic effects from rivers, floods, sea, in reference with actual practice. When redacting a Road Drainage Norm in MOPU Spain an optimization model was realized by authors giving a way to determine the figure of Return Period, 10 to 50 years, for the cases of hydraulic flows to be considered in road drainage. Satisfactory examples were a stream in SE of Spain with Gumbel Type I model and a paper of Ven Te Chow with Mississippi in Keokuk using Gumbel type II, and the model can be modernized with more varied extreme laws. In fact in the MOPU drainage norm the redacting commission acted also as expert to set a table of return periods for elements of road drainage, in fact as a multi-criteria complex decision system. These precedent ideas were used e.g. in wide Codes, indicated in symposia or meetings, but not published in journals in English, and a condensate of contributions of authors is presented. The authors are somehow involved in optimization for hydraulic and agro planning, and give modest hints of intended applications in presence of agro and environment planning as a selection of the criteria and utility functions involved in bayesian, multi-criteria or mixed decision systems. Modest consideration is made of changing in climate, and on the production and commercial systems, and on others as social and financial.

Model of Active Structural Monitoring and Decision-making for Dynamic Identification of Buildings, Monuments and Engineering Facilities

Structural monitoring and dynamic identification of the manmade and natural hazard objects is under consideration. Math model of testing object by set of weak stationary dynamic actions is offered. The response of structures to the set of signals is under processing for getting important information about object condition in high frequency band. Making decision procedure into active monitoring system is discussed as well. As an example the monitoring outcome of pillar-type monument is given.

Simulation of plant cell shrinkage during drying : A SPH–DEM approach

Plant based dried food products are popular commodities in global market where much research is focused to improve the products and processing techniques. In this regard, numerical modelling is highly applicable and in this work, a coupled meshfree particle-based two-dimensional (2-D) model was developed to simulate micro-scale deformations of plant cells during drying. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) was used to model the viscous cell protoplasm (cell fluid) by approximating it to an incompressible Newtonian fluid. The visco-elastic characteristic of the cell wall was approximated to a Neo-Hookean solid material augmented with a viscous term and modelled with a Discrete Element Method (DEM). Compared to a previous work [H. C. P. Karunasena, W. Senadeera, Y. T. Gu and R. J. Brown, Appl. Math. Model., 2014], this study proposes three model improvements: linearly decreasing positive cell turgor pressure during drying, cell wall contraction forces and cell wall drying. The improvements made the model more comparable with experimental findings on dried cell morphology and geometric properties such as cell area, diameter, perimeter, roundness, elongation and compactness. This single cell model could be used as a building block for advanced tissue models which are highly applicable for product and process optimizations in Food Engineering.

移动机器人数学模型的近似线性化

针对机器人控制领域中一类多输入多输出(MIMO)仿射非线性系统,提出了一种基于平衡流形的近似线性化状态反馈镇定算法,并用此算法解决了一类完整约束轮式移动机器人(WMR)的镇定问题.仿真分析表明,此方法不仅能够实现系统的镇定,而且降低了因平衡工作点变动给系统稳定性带来的影响,同时也大大地简化了对非线性系统的综合设计过程,具有良好的控制效果和实用性.

潜水器恒张力收放绞车系统的建模与仿真

在潜水器收放过程中,要求收放绞车具有恒张力控制功能,减小由于波浪起伏对潜水器的冲击。本文根据液压系统的流量连续性方程,建立恒张力收放绞车泵控液压马达系统的数学模型,并对该系统进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明:该系统能够满足实际的作业工况,且具有良好的动态和稳态工作性能。仿真结果为收放系统的设计提供了依据。

载人潜器串口设备转接工业以太网的实时性建模与分析

根据具体的需求,为载人潜器设计了一种基于工业以太网的内部数据通讯和控制系统,其数据通讯的实时性是衡量控制系统的一个重要指标,因此,为了分析串行数据通信系统的实时性能,据其选用的传感器和网络架构的特点,建立了串口数据包传送时间延迟的数学模型;并在潜器平台上,以实测数据试验误差验证了该模型的准确性和普遍性,从而为开发人员对各种串口设备的参数设置提供理论指导;最后用该模型分析了载人潜器串行数据传送的实时性。

Modelagem matemática no ensino-aprendizagem: ação e resultados

Relata indícios de envolvimento e aprendizagem dos personagens participantes da pesquisa -o professor-pesquisador; o professor de matemática e, sua turma composta de 38 alunos da oitava serie do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública do município de Belém-Pa- em contato com atividades desenvolvidas em sala de aula, onde a Modelagem Matemática foi utilizada como ambiente de ensino e de aprendizagem. Trata-se, portanto, de uma pesquisa-participante, na modalidade narrativa, cujo objetivo era registrar, compreender e interpretar, a partir de ações dos personagens, indícios de envolvimento e aprendizagem. Foram planejadas duas atividades, para serem desenvolvidas em sala de aula cujo objetivo era coletar material empírico para tentar responder o problema proposto nessa investigação. Os resultado apresentados nessa investigação foram registradas através de três instrumentos a saber: observações, documentos e entrevistas. Na analise dos resultados, cheguei à conclusão que o ambiente proporcionado pela Modelagem Matemática, foi capaz de tornar a aprendizagem dos alunos significativa, pois em suas falas foi possível perceber a ligação entre matemática utilitária e matemática escolar, fato que também foi percebido pelo professor da turma, além disso, ele chegou a conclusão que o professor deve ser reflexivo. E para mim, como professor e pesquisador de minha própria prática, além do prazer de realizar essa pesquisa, pude perceber a importância do uso dos algoritmos no ensino da matemática e a necessidade de alterar esse discurso no sentido de mudanças e não de abandono. Nesse sentido, acredito que, a Modelagem Matemática pode ser apontada como uma das alternativas de reescrever esse processo.

Matemática e Cartografia: como a cartografia pode contribuir no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da matemática?

O Ensino da Matemática vem sofrendo transformações, ao longo dos últimos anos, com o intuito de tornar-se mais prazeroso e menos desgastante para o aluno, contribuindo dessa forma para a melhoria do seu aprendizado. A busca do aperfeiçoamento do ensino da Matemática, através de metodologias, alternativas é a tônica no momento. A modelagem matemática representa uma dessas metodologias. Utilizando seus preceitos e orientações, o presente trabalho objetiva associar a cartografia como modelo matemático, as ferramentas contemporâneas que alicerçam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática. A cartografia, entendida como um conjunto de tecnologias de interpretação e de representação gráfica da superfície terrestre, cujos fundamentos são essencialmente matemáticos, tem-se constituído uma grande ferramenta de representação de dados e informações da superfície por diversos profissionais. Neste trabalho, advoga-se a favor da sua aplicação através da modelagem matemática para o processo de fortalecimento do ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática.

WCSPH viscosity diffusion processes in vortex flows

The aim of this paper is to clarify the role played by the most commonly used viscous terms in simulating viscous laminar flows using the weakly compressible approach in the context of smooth particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH). To achieve this, Takeda et al. (Prog. Theor. Phys. 1994; 92(5):939–960), Morris et al. (J. Comput. Phys. 1997; 136:214–226) and Monaghan–Cleary–Gingold's (Appl. Math. Model. 1998; 22(12):981–993; Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2005; 365:199–213) viscous terms will be analysed, discussing their origins, structures and conservation properties. Their performance will be monitored with canonical flows of which related viscosity phenomena are well understood, and in which boundary effects are not relevant. Following the validation process of three previously published examples, two vortex flows of engineering importance have been studied. First, an isolated Lamb–Oseen vortex evolution where viscous effects are dominant and second, a pair of co-rotating vortices in which viscous effects are combined with transport phenomena. The corresponding SPH solutions have been compared to finite-element numerical solutions. The SPH viscosity model's behaviour in modelling the viscosity related effects for these canonical flows is adequate

Numerical approximation of the one-dimensional inverse Cauchy–Stefan problem using a method of fundamental solutions

We investigate an application of the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) to the one-dimensional parabolic inverse Cauchy–Stefan problem, where boundary data and the initial condition are to be determined from the Cauchy data prescribed on a given moving interface. In [B.T. Johansson, D. Lesnic, and T. Reeve, A method of fundamental solutions for the one-dimensional inverse Stefan Problem, Appl. Math Model. 35 (2011), pp. 4367–4378], the inverse Stefan problem was considered, where only the boundary data is to be reconstructed on the fixed boundary. We extend the MFS proposed in Johansson et al. (2011) and show that the initial condition can also be simultaneously recovered, i.e. the MFS is appropriate for the inverse Cauchy-Stefan problem. Theoretical properties of the method, as well as numerical investigations, are included, showing that accurate results can be efficiently obtained with small computational cost.

Active Monitoring and Decision Making Problem

Active monitoring and problem of non-stable of sound signal parameters in the regime of piling up response signal of environment is under consideration. Math model of testing object by set of weak stationary dynamic actions is offered. The response of structures to the set of signals is under processing for getting important information about object condition in high frequency band. Making decision procedure by using researcher’s heuristic and aprioristic knowledge is discussed as well. As an example the result of numerical solution is given.

Two-Level Schwarz Preconditioners for Super Penalty Discontinuous Galerkin Methods

We extend the construction and analysis of the non-overlapping Schwarz preconditioners proposed in Antonietti et al. [Math. Model. Numer. Anal., 41(1):21-54, 2007] and [Math. Model. Numer. Anal., submitted, 2006] to the (non-consistent) super penalty discontinuos Galerkin methods introduced by Babuska et al. [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 10:863-875, 1973] and by Brezzi et al. [Numer. Methods Partial Differential Equations, 16(4):365-378, 2000]. We show that the resulting preconditioners are scalable, and we provide the convergence estimates. We also present numerical experiments demonstrating the theoretical results.