Relation de la Bataille de Marengo : gagnée le 25 prairial an 8, par Napoléon Bonaparte, Premier Consul, commandant en personne l'armée français de réserve, sur les autrichiens, aux ordres du Lieutenant-general Mélas /

Mode of access: Internet.

« Moralité de la bataille des Géans contre les Dieux. » — « Moralité sur la France ».

En vers.

The campaign of Marengo, with comments,

Mode of access: Internet.

Relation circonstanciée de la campagne de Russie, ouvrage orné des plans de la bataille de la Moskwa, et du combat de Malo-Jaroslavetz;

Sixth edition (Paris, Janet et Cotelle, 1820) has title: Relation complète de la campagne de Russie.

Histoire des campagnes de Hohenlinden et de Marengo.

This ed. does not contain Sévelinges preface nor his additions on northern German, etc.

La bataille et Le mariage des VII arts; piéces inédites du XIIIe siècle en langue romane,

Armorial book-plate: Ex libris Jos. Nève.

Statues, bustes, bas-reliefs, bronzes, et autres antiquités, peintures, dessins, et objets curieux : conquis par la Grande Armée, dans les années 1806 et 1807 : dont l'exposition a eu lieu le 14 octobre 1807, premier anniversaire de la bataille d'Jéna.

"Objets ... exposés ... au Musée Napoléon"--P. i.

[Battle of Marengo : pamphlet volume]

Mode of access: Internet.

Quellen zur Geschichte der Kriege von 1799 und 1800. Aus den Sammlungen des K. und k. Kriegsarchivs, des Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchivs und des Archivs des Erzherzogs Albrecht in Wien.

Vol. 2, pt. 1, has separate title page: Die Schlacht von Marengo und der italienische Feldzug des Jahres 1800.

Tyhjä taivas : Georges Bataille ja uskonnon kysymys

Empty Heavens. Georges Bataille and the Question of Religion. The dissertation explores the question of religion in the texts of Georges Bataille (1897 1962), the controversial French avant-garde writer and philosopher. Passionate about religion throughout his life, Bataille devoted to it both critical analyses and personal meditations. In this study, Bataille s multifaceted relationship to religion is interpreted as expressing a passion for radical otherness. Bataille is approached as a characteristically modern thinker who, nevertheless, questions some landmarks of modernity insofar as modernity is interpreted as a triumph of secularization. The dissertation is situated at the intersection of comparative religion and philosophy of religion. Methodologically, the study resorts to theoretical contextualization and concept analysis. Acknowledging that Bataille s writings challenge the assumptions about coherent meaning taken for granted in traditional philosophical analysis, the study also pays attention to the literary means and, in general, the performative level of Bataille s texts. The study constructs three theoretical contexts for Bataille s question of religion first of all, the interpretation of Hegel in the mid-20th century French philosophy. In the first section of the study, Bataille s uneasy relationship with Hegel as mediated by Alexandre Kojève is explored. The motivation of his question of radical otherness is argued to arise from his struggle with the Hegelian Kojèvean notion of negativity. The second context is the dialogue with the Christian mystical tradition. Starting from the analysis of two Bataillean notions, dramatization and contestation , it is argued that, firstly, Bataille s approach to radical otherness is analogous to certain procedures of mystical texts while, secondly, the function of otherness providing no firm foundation in Bataille s texts differs from its function in mystical texts. In the third section of the study, Bataille s quest for otherness is concretized by analyzing his views on otherness of other person, on violence, and on death themes that are brought together in Bataille s lasting interest in sacrifice. Bataille s understanding of sacrifice is proportioned to social scientific and philosophical discussions on sacrifice. It is argued that the commitment to the idea of sacrifice accounts for a partial failure in the Bataillean approach to otherness, the otherness of other person remaining its (at least half) blind spot. The study presents an overview of Bataille s thought on religion. It brings out Bataille s view of the paradoxical fundamental yet impossible role of otherness in the construction of human world, as well as his understanding of religious representations as both covering over and indicating this otherness. It describes Bataille s atheological mysticism as a peculiar modern form of religiosity, as an ambivalent mourning for and exaltation of fundamental loss.

Kulttuurisia kohtaamisia : Suomalaiset kuvataiteilijat ja Rooma 1800-luvulla

Dozens of Finnish artists, practically all the professional sculptors and painters, travelled to and stayed in Rome during the 19th century. The study at hand concentrates for the first time on the Finnish artists in Rome in corpore, and analyses their way of life based on a broad variety of previously unknown and unexplored sources from a number of archives in both Scandinavia and Rome. The extensive corpus of source material is scrutinized with microhistorical precision from the point of view of cultural history. The new information thus achieved adds to the previous knowledge of Rome s often overlooked importance as a source of inspiration in Scandinavian culture in general and significantly clarifies our understanding of the development of Finnish artistic life and cultural identity in the 19th century. The study proves that in Finland, like in all of Europe, the stay in Rome was considered to be a necessary part of becoming a true artist. Already the journey was an integral part of the encounter with Rome, corresponding with the civilized ideal of the period. The stay in Rome provided a northern artist with overwhelming opportunities that were incomparable to the unestablished and modest forms of artistic life Finland could offer. Without domestic artistic institutions or traditions, the professional status of Finnish painters and sculptors took shape abroad, firstly through the encounter with Rome and the different networks the Finnish artists belonged to during and after their stay in the eternal city. The Finnish artists were an integral part of the international artistic community in the cultural capital of Europe, which gave a totally new impetus to their work and contributed to their cosmopolitan identification. For these early masters of Finnish art, the Scandinavian communality and universal artistic identity seemed to be more significant than their nationality. In all, the scrutiny of Finnish artists in their wide social, ideological and international framework gives an interesting aspect to the cultural ambiance of the 19th century, in both Rome and Finland. The study highlights many long-forgotten artists who were influential in shaping Finnish art, culture and identity in their time.