Knowledge of the national emergency telephone number and prevalence and characteristics of those trained in CPR in Queensland: baseline information for targeted training interventions

Members of the community contribute to survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by contacting emergency medical services and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to the arrival of an ambulance. In Australia there is a paucity of information of the extent that community members know the emergency telephone number and are trained in CPR. A survey of Queensland adults (n = 4490) was conducted to ascertain current knowledge and training levels and to target CPR training. Although most respondents (88.3%) could state the Australian emergency telephone number correctly, significant age differences were apparent (P < 0.001). One in five respondents aged 60 years and older could not state the emergency number correctly. While just over half the respondents (53.9%) had completed some form of CPR training, only 12.1% had recent training. Older people were more likely to have never had CPR training than young adults. Additional demographic and socio-economic differences were found between those never trained in CPR and those who were. The results emphasise the need to increase CPR training in those aged 40 and over, particularly females, and to increase the awareness of the emergency telephone number amongst older people. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

CPR training in households of patients with chest pain

The objectives of this study are to (1) quantify prior cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training in households of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with or without chest pain or ischaemic heart disease (IHD); (2) evaluate the willingness of household members to undertake CPR training; and (3) identify potential barriers to the learning and provision of bystander CPR. A cross-sectional study was conducted by surveying patients presenting to the ED of a metropolitan teaching hospital over a 6-month period. Two in five households of patients presenting with chest pain or IHD had prior training in CPR. This was no higher than for households of patients presenting without chest pain or IHD. Just under two in three households of patients presenting with chest pain or IHD were willing to participate in future CPR classes. Potential barriers to learning CPR included lack of information on CPR classes, perceived lack of intellectual and/or physical capability to learn CPR and concern about causing anxiety in the person at risk of cardiac arrest. Potential barriers to CPR provision included an unknown cardiac arrest victim and fear of infection. The ED provides an opportunity for increasing family and community capacity for bystander intervention through referral to appropriate training. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.

Cultura Organizacional na área de Diagnóstico por Imagem - Percepção dos Coordenadores de CHLC

Para fazer face a uma nova realidade, limitada pela crise financeira e organizacional em que se encontra o Serviço Nacional de Saúde, têm surgido várias tentativas de mudança dos modelos tradicionais de organização e de gestão nas Organizações de Saúde, a fim de se obterem organizações eficazes (Ferreira, 2011). Tendo como ponto de partida a premissa dos novos desafios impostos pelo sector da saúde, a gestão da Área de Diagnóstico Por Imagem (ADPI) do Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central (CHLC) defronta-se com a crescente necessidade de traçar estratégias de mudança organizacional, com capacidade de adaptação à realidade vigente no sistema de saúde português. Como vários autores reiteram, o passo primordial para a introdução de mudanças organizacionais, passa pela identificação do tipo de cultura organizacional existente. Partindo desta lógica definiu-se a questão de investigação para o estudo, “Qual a percepção da Coordenação da ADPI do CHLC face à cultura organizacional vigente e à considerada desejada face à mudança organizacional para tornar a organização mais eficaz?”. Na mesma lógica, definiram-se como objectivos da investigação empírica, identificar as características da cultura organizacional da ADPI do CHLC de forma a criar estratégias de mudança organizacional, reconhecer as características da cultura que influenciam a eficácia organizacional nos diferentes polos da ADPI do CHLC e comparar as percepções do coordenador e subcoordenadores da ADPI do CHLC, face à cultura organizacional vigente e à considerada desejada em função da mudança organizacional. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, seguindo a estratégia de estudo de caso único com uma abordagem quantitativa. Para o efeito, recorreu-se ao questionário Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) desenvolvido por Cameron & Quinn (1999), o qual se aplicou à população em estudo constituída por 14 indivíduos da coordenação da ADPI do CHLC. Os resultados demonstram que a cultura organizacional vigente na ADPI do CHLC é do tipo Clã, e que é este tipo de cultura que o coordenador e subcoordenadores consideram ideal para o futuro. Havendo diferenças significativas entre hospitais que devem ser exploradas aquando do desenho de uma intervenção de desenvolvimento organizacional.

Molecular divergence in the timeless and cpr genes among three sympatric cryptic species of the Anopheles triannulatus complex

Anopheles triannulatus s.l. is a malaria vector with a wide geographic distribution, ranging from Argentina-Nicaragua and Trinidad. Here we analysed sequences of two genes, timeless and cpr, to assess the genetic variability and divergence among three sympatric cryptic species of this complex from Salobra, central-western Brazil. The timeless gene sequences did not conclusively differentiate Anopheles halophylus and An. triannulatus species "C". However, a partial separation has been observed between these species and An. triannulatus s.s. Importantly, the analysis of the cpr gene sequences revealed fixed differences, no shared polymorphisms and considerable genetic differentiation among the three species of the An. triannulatus complex. The results confirm that An. triannulatus s.s., An. halophylus and An. triannulatus species C are distinct taxa, with the latter two likely representing a more recent speciation event.

Introducing systematic dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (telephone-CPR) in a non-Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System (AMPDS): implementation process and costs.

OBJECTIVE: In order to improve the quality of our Emergency Medical Services (EMS), to raise bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates and thereby meet what is becoming a universal standard in terms of quality of emergency services, we decided to implement systematic dispatcher-assisted or telephone-CPR (T-CPR) in our medical dispatch center, a non-Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System. The aim of this article is to describe the implementation process, costs and results following the introduction of this new "quality" procedure. METHODS: This was a prospective study. Over an 8-week period, our EMS dispatchers were given new procedures to provide T-CPR. We then collected data on all non-traumatic cardiac arrests within our state (Vaud, Switzerland) for the following 12months. For each event, the dispatchers had to record in writing the reason they either ruled out cardiac arrest (CA) or did not propose T-CPR in the event they did suspect CA. All emergency call recordings were reviewed by the medical director of the EMS. The analysis of the recordings and the dispatchers' written explanations were then compared. RESULTS: During the 12-month study period, a total of 497 patients (both adults and children) were identified as having a non-traumatic cardiac arrest. Out of this total, 203 cases were excluded and 294 cases were eligible for T-CPR. Out of these eligible cases, dispatchers proposed T-CPR on 202 occasions (or 69% of eligible cases). They also erroneously proposed T-CPR on 17 occasions when a CA was wrongly identified (false positive). This represents 7.8% of all T-CPR. No costs were incurred to implement our study protocol and procedures. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates it is possible, using a brief campaign of sensitization but without any specific training, to implement systematic dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a non-Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System such as our EMS that had no prior experience with systematic T-CPR. The results in terms of T-CPR delivery rate and false positive are similar to those found in previous studies. We found our results satisfying the given short time frame of this study. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to improve the quality of emergency services at moderate or even no additional costs and this should be of interest to all EMS that do not presently benefit from using T-CPR procedures. EMS that currently do not offer T-CPR should consider implementing this technique as soon as possible, and we expect our experience may provide answers to those planning to incorporate T-CPR in their daily practice.

La enseñanza bilingüe en un CPR.

Se presenta memoria final de proyecto educativo que propone la utilización de materiales didácticos bilingües español-inglés. Se realiza en el CPR Sierra Almagrera en La Portilla, Almería. Los objetivos son: ofrecer una enseñanza de calidad que abarque la totalidad de la oferta educativa actual, evitando así la discriminación cultural que aún sufren las zonas rurales; que el alumnado tenga contacto con otras lenguas y culturas desde edades muy tempranas; ofrecer la posibilidad a los tutores de mejorar la práctica docente a través de la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera; desarrollar en el alumnado a través de textos orales e imágenes y juegos, un grado básico de comprensión oral; conocer si la enseñanza del inglés desde educación infantil tiene algún tipo de efecto en el desarrollo cognitivo y lingüístico; conocer si se están consiguiendo resultados esperados en lengua inglesa y actitudes en relación con los objetivos planteados y los recursos humanos y económicos utilizados.

Nuevas tendencias en la evaluaci??n de la Educaci??n F??sica : jornadas regionales : 19, 20, 21, 22 y 23 de mayo 2009 : lugar, CPR Avil??s

Esta publicaci??n recoge los contenidos de las Jornadas Regionales sobre Nuevas Tendencias en la Evaluaci??n de la Educaci??n F??sica celebradas en el Centro del Profesorado y de Recursos de Avil??s y cuya finalidad ha sido la de propiciar un lugar de encuentro donde el profesorado de educaci??n primaria y secundaria intercambiase distintas experiencias y conocimientos. Se analiza y reflexiona sobre las pr??cticas de evaluaci??n, las estrategias que se est??n llevando a cabo con el alumnado, y cu??les son las ??ltimas corrientes aplicables en esta materia. Todo ello, con el objetivo de abrir nuevas v??as que enriquezcan y mejoren la pr??ctica docente y evaluadora.

Visita de estudios organizada por el CPR de Avil??s sobre el tema, Las Bibliotecas Escolares como promotoras del cambio educativo

En el mes de octubre de 2007, el CPR de Avil??s, acogi?? a un grupo de profesionales relacionados con las bibliotecas escolares procedentes de Inglaterra, Irlanda del Norte, Italia, Noruega, Portugal y Turqu??a. El motivo de la visita era conocer la situaci??n de las bibliotecas escolares del Principado de Asturias teniendo en cuenta los cambios que se est??n produciendo en las mismas, desde el a??o 2000. Cambios impulsados por el profesorado de los propios centros y por la administraci??n educativa con la creaci??n del programa Bibliotecas Escolares para promover proyectos de mejora en el equipamiento, funcionamiento y uso de las bibliotecas. El programa de actividades consisti?? en visitar bibliotecas escolares que destacaran por sus buenas pr??cticas y por la adaptaci??n al nuevo concepto de biblioteca abierta, moderna, actualizada, din??mica, informatizada y con fondos en diferentes soportes. Tambi??n se procur?? que estos centros representaran contextos diferentes para mostrar una realidad diversa y por tanto m??s enriquecedora. Los centros seleccionados fueron: el CP Virgilio Nieto en San Esteban de Pravia, el IES N. 5 de Avil??s, el CP Poeta Juan Ochoa, el CEE San Crist??bal, el CP Los Campos de Corvera y la Biblioteca P??blica de Ventanielles en Oviedo, seleccionada por su interesante propuesta de actividades de coordinaci??n con las bibliotecas escolares. Tambi??n tuvimos ocasi??n de conocer la situaci??n y el funcionamiento de las bibliotecas escolares de los pa??ses representados, comprobando los diferentes niveles de desarrollo en los que se encuentran, el camino que queda por recorrer y las posibles orientaciones a seguir.

Les biblioteques escolars, un nucli de treball dels CRP de Barcelona. 'Las bibliotecas escolares, un núcleo de trabajo de los CPR de Barcelona'.

Resumen en catalán de las autoras. El trabajo de las autoras se puede visitar en http://www.xtec.es/crp-santandreu/biblioteques.htm