Avaliação do efeito do tratamento com surfactante químico e Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI na toxicidade de solo contaminado com óleo lubrificante usado

Petroleum and its subproducts are considered a treat for the environmental quality because of the many environmental accidents that may occur during exploitation, transport and storage. A common remediation technique used in the contaminated areas is based on the use of surfactants, mainly the chemical ones, because they have low production costs. In the other hand, some microorganisms have indicate capacities of producing surfactants that emulsify substances and as result, offer a bigger contact surface for the microbiota degradation. This biossurfactants stand out in comparison with the chemical surfactants because they present lower micelar concentration values, are more tolerant for temperature and pH variation, because they are biodegradable, have low toxicity, higher emulsification and hydrocarbon solubilization index. In this way, after the surfactant application, a toxicity evaluation have to be made to identify the treatment effects. In soil, the activity of some microbial enzymes can show the environmental behavior of the contaminant under different treatment conditions. Dehydrogenase is one example of those enzymes that can demonstrate indirectly the effect of the pollutant on the soil microorganisms. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the toxicity after the addition of a surfactant and/or Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI in soil contaminated by a mineral automotive lubricant. The previous mentioned bacteria are a potential biossurfactant (rhamnolipid) producer. In order to evaluate the toxicity, the dehydrogenase test was run. In this test, trifeniltetrazolium compound (TTC) after utilized as an electron acceptor, turns into trifenil formazan (TPF), that can be indirectly quantified using the absorbance measured by the spectrophotometer UV-visible. In this way, it was possible to quantify the dehydrogenase activity from the contaminated soil samples... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Biorremediação de solo contaminado com óleo lubrificante pela aplicação de diferentes soluções de surfactante químico e biossurfactante produzido por Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biossorção utilizando alga marinha (sargassum sp.) aplicada em meio orgânico

In this work, biosorption process was used to remove heavy metals from used automotive lubricating oils by a bus fleet from Natal-RN-Brazil. This oil was characterized to determine the physical-chemistry properties. It was also characterized the used oil with the aim of determining and quantifying the heavy metal concentration. Fe and Cu were the metals existent in large concentration and these metals were choused to be studied in solubilization process. For the biosorption process was used the seaweed Sargassum sp for the study of influencing of the metals presents separately and with other metals. It was also studied the effect of the protonation treatment of alga with the objective to know the best efficiency of heavy metals removal. The study of the solubilization showed that the presence of more than a metal favors the solubilization of the metals presents in the oil and consequently, it favors the biosorption process, what becomes interesting the perspective application in the heavy metals removal in lubricating oils used, because the presence of more than a heavy metal favors the solubility of all metals present. It was observed that the iron and copper metals, which are present in large concentration, the protonated biosorbtent was more effective. In this study we used as biomass the marine alga Sargassum sp to study the influence of agitation velocity, temperature and initial biomass concentration on the removal of iron and copper from used lubricant oils. We performed an experimental design and a kinetic study. The experiments were carried out with samples of used lubricant oil and predetermined amounts of algae, allowing sufficient time for the mixture to obtain equilibrium under controlled conditions. The results showed that, under the conditions studied, the larger the amount of biomass present, the lower the adsorption capacity of the iron and of the copper, likely due to a decrease in interface contact area. The experimental design led us to conclude that a function can be obtained that shows the degree of influence of each one of the system variables

Ensaios ecotoxicológicos da biodegradação de óleos

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a biodegradação de efluente oleosos em ambiente terrestre. Foram avaliados os potenciais degradação dos seguintes óleos: óleo lubrificante automotivo usado, óleo vegetal novo e usado, e biodiesel. Os ensaios realizados objetivaram, pelo método de respirometria, quantificar e comparar as porcentagens de biodegradação medida através da formação do CO2 da respirometria bacteriana entre amostras de solos contaminados por diferentes tipos de óleo. Além destes ensaios, foram realizados testes colorimétricos que, indicarão, pela mudança de cor do indicador, quais os óleos levam mais tempo para serem completamente degradados. Dessa maneira, foi possível verificar a degradabilidade relativa dos óleos, e contribuir para futuras pesquisas envolvendo a poluição de ambientes com efluentes oleosos. Os dados coletados permitiram verificar a toxicidade e biodegradabilidade relativa dos óleos, de modo que os ensaios contendo biodiesel e óleo vegetal novo tiveram menor índice de biodegradação, quando comparado ao óleo automotivo usado.

Caracterização do processo de reciclagem do óleo lubrificante usado em postos de combustíveis e identificação de desafios frente à política nacional de resíduos sólidos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de método analítico para determinação do teor de etanol em óleo lubrificante usado proveniente de motores ciclo Otto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Rerrefino de óleo lubrificante usado

The lubricant oil used in engines of internal combustion must be, periodically, changed. Its mainly function in the engines is to reduce the friction between the pieces, but its presence also promotes the cleanness and the refrigeration of the equipment. These attributions, at the end of some cycles of operation, make the oil to be dirty, that is, full of contaminating substances such as water, gasoline, diesel, additives, oxidized hydro-carbons and rests of metals, not being recommended, therefore, its discarding in the environment. Thus, all the used lubricant oil that leaves the automobiles engine has been thrust, waiting for a solution. The pollution generated by the discarding of a ton of used oil per day in the soil or in the rivers is equivalent to a domestic sewer of 40 thousand of people. The indiscriminate burning of the used lubricant oil generates significant emissions of metallic oxides, besides other toxic gases, like the dioxin and sulphur oxides. In this context, the mean objective of this essay was to effectuate the rerrefine of the used lubricant oil, aiming the increase of its life cycle and consequently contributing for the reduction of the environmental pollution. According to the used process, it was possible to get a rerrefine oil, of good quality, which physicistchemistries properties are in compliance with the norms of NBR and ASTM

Análise ecotoxicológica utilizando colunas de winogradsky contaminadas por óleo lubrificante usado e biodiesel

Não disponível

Análise preditiva a partir da caracterização das emissões gasosas e do óleo lubrificante em frotas com motorização a diesel

This work was motivated by the importance of conducting a study of vehicle emissions in captive fleets with diesel engine, coupled with the predictive maintenance plan. This type of maintenance includes techniques designed to meet the growing market demand to reduce maintenance costs by increasing the reliability of diagnoses, which has increased interest in automated predictive maintenance on diesel engines, preventing problems that might evolve into routine turn into serious situations, solved only with complex and costly repairs, the Reliability Centered Maintenance, will be the methodology that will make our goal is reached, beyond maintaining the vehicles regulated as fuel consumption and emissions. To Therefore, technical improvements were estimated capable of penetrating the automotive market and give the inshore fleet emission rates of opacity of the vehicles, being directly related to the conditions of the lubricating oil thus contributing to reducing maintenance costs by contributing significantly to emissions of pollutants and an improvement in the air in large cities. This criterion was adopted and implemented, em 241 buses and produced a diagnosis of possible failures by the correlation between the characterization of used lubricating oils and the analysis of opacity, with the objective of the aid the detection and solution of failures for the maintenance of sub-systems according to design criteria, and for this to be a deductive methodology to determine potential causes of failures, has been automated to implement a predictive maintenance system for this purpose was used in our study a mobile unit equipped with a opacimeter and a kit for collection and analysis of lubricating oil and the construction of the network diagnostics, we used a computer program in Microsoft Office Access 2007 platform tool is indispensable for creating a database data, this method is being used and successfully implemented in seven (7) bus companies from the city of Natal (RN) Brazil

Produção de biocombustível alternativo ao óleo diesel através da transesterificação de óleo de soja usado em frituras

In this work, the utilization of used frying oil for the production of biodiesel is presented. The performance of biodiesel in diesel engines, as well as the characterization of the emissions derived from this process, are also discussed and compared to the emissions derived from engines running on unused vegetable oils and conventional diesel.

Digestão de óleo lubrificante encapsulado em forno de microondas com radiação focalizada por adição de amostra ao reagente pré-aquecido

The applicability of the recently proposed procedure based on gradual sample addition to microwave-assisted pre-heated concentrated acid is limited by the sample viscosity. In this work, lubricating oil samples with high viscosity were encapsulated and manually added to the microwave-assisted pre-heated concentrated digestion mixture. The procedure was applied for determination of Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Sn, Sr, V, W, and Zn in lubricating oil by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Determined and certified values for Ca, Mg, P, and Zn in lubricating oil were in agreement at a 95% confidence level.

Craqueamento termo-catalítico da mistura óleo de fritura usado-lodo de estamparia têxtil para a produção de óleo com baixo índice de acidez

In this work, cracking experiments were performed to carry out the thermal conversion of the mixture of used frying oil and textile stamping sludge in continuous reactor. The textile stamping sludge was used to catalyze the reaction of thermal cracking. The physical and chemical properties of the oil produced were analyzed. Among the results of this analysis the level of acidity in the range of 12 mg KOH/g stands out. Low levels of acidity as this particular mean better quality oil. In this regard it is important that further researches on processes of conversion of residual oil occur.

Evaluation of the biodegradation of different types of lubricant oils in liquid medium

Avaliação da Biodegradação de Diferentes Tipos de Óleo Lubrificante em Meio Aquoso pela Norma Técnica L6.350 (CETESB, 1990), utiliza-se o processo respirométrico de Bartha e Pramer para acompanhar a biodegradação de diferentes tipos de óleo lubrificante automotivo adaptado ao meio aquoso. Para realização do experimento foram preparados um inóculo base e, posteriormente, um inóculo aquoso. Quatro tratamentos foram realizados em dois experimentos consecutivos: T1 (controle); T2 (óleo semi-sintético); T3 (óleo mineral); T4 (óleo usado). Dentre os resultados, obteve-se a seguinte ordem decrescente na produção de CO2 nos respirômetros: T4 > T2 > T3 > T1. Assim, o óleo lubrificante usado surgiu com maior biodegradabilidade, seguido do semisintético e do óleo mineral. Observou-se também que o lubrificante mineral apresentou maior período de adaptação comparado ao semisintético.

Uso da técnica de análise de óleo lubrificante em motores diesel estacionários, utilizando-se misturas de biodiesel e diferentes níveis de contaminação do lubrificante

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Manutenção de redutores de velocidade pela integração das técnicas preditivas de análise de vibrações e análise de óleo lubrificante

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)