Líquenes como bioindicadores de poluição atmosférica

Numa altura em que existem os mais variados equipamentos tecnológicos de avaliação da qualidade do ar recorrer a um organismo vivo para esse efeito não parece uma grande inovação a não ser que traga algum tipo de vantagem adicional, como seja permitir avaliar os efeitos da contaminação para além dos valores instantâneos obtidos por medições químicas. Os líquenes são seres vivos com características particulares, as hifas do fungo absorvem água diretamente da atmosfera, e por isso são particularmente sensíveis à poluição ambiental tornando-se um recurso a que qualquer pessoa pode recorrer para ter uma ideia da qualidade do ar que respira. Foi isso que tentámos fazer neste trabalho, identificar e comparar os líquenes de três locais, determinar a espécie a que pertencem e inferir sobre a qualidade do ar do local de onde os recolhemos, relativamente à quantidade de SO2 presente.

Fire protection durability of intumescent coatings after accelerated aging

The most common method of achieve the required fire resistance is by the use of passive fire protection systems, being intumescent coatings the fire protection material frequently used. These are usually considered thin film coatings as they are applied with a dry film thickness (DFT) between 0.3-3 [mm]. The required DFT is obtained by experimental fire resistance tests performed to assess the contribution of this reactive fire protection material to the steel member fire resistance. This tests are done after dry coating and a short time period of atmospheric conditioning, at constant temperature and humidity. As the coatings formulation is mainly made from polymeric basis compounds, it is expected that the environmental factors, such temperature, humidity and UV radiation (UVA and UVB) significantly affect the intumescent coating fire protection performance and its durability. This work presents a research study about the effects of aging on the fire protection performance of intumescent coatings. A commercial water based coating is submitted to an accelerated aging cycle, using a QUV Accelerated Weathering Tester. This tests aim to simulate 10 years of the coating natural aging. The coating durability is tested comparing the fire protection of small steel samples submitted to a radiant heat flux exposure from a cone calorimeter. In total, 28 tests were performed on intumescent coating protected steel specimens, of which 14 specimens were tested before the hydrothermal aging test and other 14 after accelerated aging. The experimental tests results of the steel temperature evolution shows that increasing the intumescent dry coating film thickness, the fire resistance time increases. After the accelerated aging cycles, the coating lose their ability to expand, resulting in an increase of the steel temperature of approximately 200 [ºC], compared to the samples without aging.