Determinants of vaccination after the Colombian health system reform

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of individual, household and healthcare system factors on poor children's use of vaccination after the reform of the Colombian health system. METHODS: A household survey was carried out in a random sample of insured poor population in Bogota, in 1999. The conceptual and analytical framework was based on the Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Utilization. It considers two units of analysis for studying vaccination use and its determinants: the insured poor population, including the children and their families characteristics; and the health care system. Statistical analysis were carried out by chi-square test with 95% confidence intervals, multivariate regression models and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. RESULTS: The logistic regression analysis showed that vaccination use was related not only to population characteristics such as family size (OR=4.3), living area (OR=1.7), child's age (OR=0.7) and head-of-household's years of schooling (OR=0.5), but also strongly related to health care system features, such as having a regular health provider (OR=6.0) and information on providers' schedules and requirements for obtaining care services (OR=2.1). CONCLUSIONS: The low vaccination use and the relevant relationships to health care delivery systems characteristics show that there are barriers in the healthcare system, which should be assessed and eliminated. Non-availability of regular healthcare and deficient information to the population are factors that can limit service utilization.

Hospitalization due to drug use did not change after a decade of the Psychiatric Reform

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the psychiatric hospitalization rates due to use of psychoactive substances and average time of hospitalization suffered any changes after the first decade of effective implementation of the psychiatric reform in Brazil. METHODS This article examines the evolution of hospitalizations due to disorders arising from the use of alcohol or other substances in the state of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil, from 2000 to 2012. This is an ecological, time-series study, which uses data from admissions obtained by the Informatics Service of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Hospitalization rates by 100,000 inhabitants and average time of occupancy of beds were estimated. Coefficients of variation of these rates were estimated by Poisson Regression. RESULTS The total and male hospitalization rates did not vary (p = 0.056 and p = 0.244, respectively). We observed an increase of 3.0% for the female sex (p = 0.049). We did not observe any significant variation for occupancy time of beds. CONCLUSIONS The deployment of services triggered by the Brazilian psychiatric reform was not accompanied by a reduction of hospitalization rates or mean occupancy time of hospitalized patients during this first decade of implementation of the reform.

When emergent countries reform global governance of climate change: Brazil under Lula

Due to its recent economic success, Brazil is considered an emerging country, but is it an emerging power concerning global environmental governance? This article argues that although Brazil has a sui generis profile, it can only be considered an emerging power in some environmental regimes, such as global climate change. Thus, international relations theory needs more analytical instruments to assess the impact of emerging powers in global environmental governance

The rights approach to local public management: experiences from Brazil

The Fundação Getulio Vargas, São Paulo, Public Management and Citizenship Program was set up in 1996 with Ford Foundation support to identify and disseminate Brazilian subnational government initiatives in service provision that have a direct effect on citizenship. Already, the program has 2,500 different experiences in its data bank, the results of four annual cycles. The article draws some initial conclusions about the possibilities of a rights-based approach to public management and about the engagement of other agencies and civil society organizations.

E-service em bibliotecas: gera ao de valor para pesquisadores por meio de coopera ao indireta

O conceito de cooperação indireta aplicado a dados de transações de empréstimos do acervo de uma biblioteca pode ser usado para gerar recomendações de itens relevantes para usuários e pesquisadores. O modelo proposto utiliza a Análise de Agrupamentos e a Análise de Cestas e tem aplicabilidade direta em livrarias virtuais, podendo ser adaptado a praticamente qualquer tipo de empreendimento em e-business.

Knowledge cities: a taxonomy for analyzing software and information service clusters

Software and information services (SIS) have become a field of increasing opportunities for international trade due to the worldwide diffusion of a combination of technological and organizational innovations. In several regions, the software industry is organized in clusters, usually referred to as "knowledge cities" because of the growing importance of knowledge-intensive services in their economy. This paper has two primary objectives. First, it raises three major questions related to the attractiveness of different cities in Argentina and Brazil for hosting software companies and to their impact on local development. Second, a new taxonomy is proposed for grouping clusters according to their dominant business segment, ownership pattern and scope of operations. The purpose of this taxonomy is to encourage further studies and provide an exploratory analytical tool for analyzing software clusters.

Hedonic analysis of cell phones sold with post-paid service plans in Brazil

The aim of this paper is to analyze the determining factors for the pricing of handsets sold with service plans, using the hedonic price method. This was undertaken by building a database comprising 48 handset models, under nine different service plans, over a period of 53 weeks in 2008, and resulted in 27 different attributes and a total number of nearly 300,000 data registers. The results suggest that the value of monthly subscriptions and calling minutes are important to explain the prices of handsets. Furthermore, both the physical volume and number of megapixels of a camera had an effect on the prices. The bigger the handset, the cheaper it becomes, and the more megapixels a camera phone has, the more expensive it becomes. Additionally, it was found that in 2008 Brazilian phone companies were subsidizing enabled data connection handsets.

Oscips e termos de parceria com a sociedade civil: um olhar sobre o modelo de gestão por resultados do governo de Minas Gerais

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que avaliou um dos componentes do choque de gestão adotado pelo governo do estado de Minas Gerais: os termos de parceria estabelecidos com as Oscips. Definido como um conjunto integrado de políticas de gestão pública orientadas para o desenvolvimento, o choque de gestão orienta-se pela gestão por resultados e é baseado numa série de instrumentos de contratualização. A pesquisa de campo realizada no decorrer do ano 2007 verificou como os responsáveis pela contratação (governo) e pela provisão (Oscips) dos serviços estabelecidos nos principais termos de parceria com o governo do estado de Minas Gerais percebem e justificam o modelo de gestão por resultados. Para responder a essa pergunta, três Oscips mineiras foram escolhidas com base na sua diversidade conceitual e operacional. Os dados foram coletados via entrevistas semi-estruturadas com representantes das Oscips e do governo mineiro e foram tratados por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que a orientação por resultados já se encontra incorporada nos discursos das Oscips, mas também destacam alguns paradoxos discursivos relativos à centralidade do novo papel do Estado vis-à-vis a crítica das suas estruturas burocráticas.

Legitimidade das organizações da sociedade civil: análise de conteúdo à luz da teoria da capacidade crítica

Este artigo visa a ampliar a compreensão do fenômeno da legitimidade das organizações da sociedade civil (OSC), interpretando-o à luz da teoria da capacidade crítica, de Boltanski e Thévenot (2006). Mais especificamente, trata-se de identificar, por meio da análise do discurso de atores representativos do campo, quais são as justificativas que embasam a atuação e a existência das OSC, conferindo-lhes legitimidade. Tomando por base a fundamentação teórica e a análise da trajetória do campo no Brasil, algumas hipóteses foram formuladas: 1) que diversas lógicas são utilizadas nas justificativas; 2) que o encontro dessas lógicas provoca disputas e conflitos; 3) que possibilita a construção de passarelas; e 4) que existem lógicas predominantes que isolam a existência das outras. Por meio de análise de conteúdo do discurso de 46 atores representativos do campo das OSC na região Sul do Brasil, as hipóteses foram testadas e concluiu-se que as dimensões predominantes da legitimidade nessas OSC são a pragmática e a moral, as quais estimulam a adaptação das OSC a padrões estabelecidos externamente, enfraquecendo a pluralidade e, por conseguinte, a democracia no campo.

Servicio civil en Chile, análisis de los directivos de primer nivel jerárquico (2003-13)

Resumen Este artículo analiza los principales factores que condicionan la selección de un directivo público de primer nivel jerárquico en Chile con base en una perspectiva de corte sociológico y el uso del concepto especies de capital. El trabajo realiza un recorrido teórico y descriptivo sobre la modernización del Estado y la profesionalización de la gestión pública en Chile. Posteriormente con una muestra de 45 casos correspondientes a altos directivos nombrados durante el período 2003-13, se trabaja con modelos de regresión logística para determinar los factores que condicionan la selección de estos funcionarios. Se llega a la conclusión que el capital político no es un factor que favorece la selección del actor.