O enfoque da metrologia química em análises toxicológicas na atividade turfística: validação de método analítico para determinação de cafeína em matrizes biológicas

This paper proposes an alternate method to detect forbidden doping substances present in biological matrices of horseracing. The method was fully validated for caffeine, identified as the most frequent forbidden substance in the analysis conducted by the Antidoping Laboratory of the Brazilian Jockey Club, which adopts a zero threshold limit according to national and international horseracing practices. The metrological reliability of the method applied to toxicological analysis in biological matrices is discussed. Although the analytical method proposed for detection of a zero threshold level of the doping substance is qualitative, it was validated for the determination of the limiting value (also known as quantification limit value) introducing a criterion that prevents the issuing of incorrect results ("false-positives" and "false-negatives").

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para determinação simultânea de lamivudina, zidovudina e nevirapina em comprimidos dose-fixa combinada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência

An analytical method has been developed and validated for the quantitation of lamivudine, zidovudine and nevirapine in the fixed-dose combination film-coated tablet by high performance liquid chromatography, in accordance with RE No. 899/2003, National Sanitary Surveillance Agency. It was based on an isocratic elution system with a potassium phosphate buffer pH 3.0: acetonitrile (60:40 v/v) mobile phase, C18, 250 x 46 mm column, 10µm particle size, λ 270 nm. The statistically evaluated results have shown that the method is specific, precise, accurate, and robust, ensuring the analytical safety of 3TC, AZT and NVP determination, which emerges as a new therapeutic alternative for antiretroviral treatment.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) para determinação de associação de ampicilinas em pó liofilizado para injeção

An analytical method has been developed and validated for the determination of an association of ampicillins in a lyophilized powder for injection by HPLC. The advantage of chromatographic method other than the microbiological one is that, it is possible to monitor precisely, out-of-specification results in quality control processes and also during stability studies, in which an association of ampicillins is present. The proposed HPLC method was developed by using forced degraded samples, in order to reach a selective analysis of ampicillins when in the presence of their degradation products. It was possible to detect benzatine and through indirect calculation, to determine the ampicillin sodium in the drug sample. The method showed to be selective, accurate, precise, robust and linear (from 45.92 to 36.04 μg mL-1 of total ampicillin and from 14.53 to 43.28 μg mL-1 of benzatine). The accuracy determined from recovery test, gave results in the range of 99.41% of total ampicillin to 100.31% of benzatine. Hence, it can be concluded that the proposed HPLC method is applicable for ampicillins determination.

Validação de método analítico para determinar a migração de ε-caprolactama das embalagens para alimentos gordurosos

ε-Caprolactam (CAP) is a monomer of nylon 6 used as food packaging for bologna sausage, turkey blanquettes, fowl breast, pâtés and ham luncheon meat. After polymerization a part of the monomer can remain in the packaging and migrate into the food. The aim of this work was develop and validate a single laboratory method to determine CAP in ethanol 95% that simulates fatty food characteristics. Thus, linear range was 2 to 32 mg/L of CAP, detection and quantification limits were 0.83 and 1.63 mg/L, respectively. Repeatability showed Hor Rat values lower than 2 while recovery range was 97.5 to 106.5%. The method was considered adequate for purpose.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para determinação do teor de sinvastatina em cápsulas magistrais

Simvastatin is an oral anti-hyperlipidemic that has been widely used to reduce the cardiovascular disease risk. There isn't any pharmacopoeic method to assay this drug in capsules. It was proposed and validated a method for determining the content of simvastatin in capsules by UV/visible spectrophotometry (l = 237 nm), a more affordable method for the compounding pharmacy. The method was validated for linearity, specificity, range, accuracy, precision, performance, robustness, and limits of detection and quantification.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para determinação de benzoato, sorbato, metil e propilparabenos em produtos alimentícios utilizando a eletroforese capilar

In this work, a rapid and simple method using capillary electrophoresis (CE) was developed for the determination of the benzoate, sorbate, methyl and propylparaben in foodstuffs. A running buffer consisting of 20 mmol L-1 (pH = 9.3) tetraborate enabled separation of the analytes in less than 5 min. The detector wavelength was set at 220 nm. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of sodas, sweeteners, sauces and juices. The range of preservatives found were from 478.5-466.6 mg kg-1 for methylparaben , 83.7-231.3 mg kg-1 for sorbate and 336.7-428.3 mg kg-1 for benzoate.

Validação de método analítico por espectrofotometria UV para sistema emulsionado lipídico contendo benznidazol

A validation study of an UV spectrophotometric method was conducted for quantitative analysis of benznidazol (BZN) in a lipid. The analytical determinations were performed at 315 nm at 25 ºC. The emulsion components did not interfere on drug analyses, demonstrating the specificity of the methodology. A good linearity (r = 0.99995) and precision (RSD < 5.0%) for intra and inter-day studies, including the reproducibility test were observed. The accuracy ranged of 102.1 + 2.8 e 103.8 + 1.7%. The statistical analysis demonstrates a linear, precise, accurate and robust method for BZN quantification from the lipid emulsion system.

Validação de método analítico por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência para doseamento do adapaleno em suspensões de nanocápsulas

Adapalene is a retinoid drug often used for disorders of the skin, mainly acne. In this work, an analytical method for the quantification of adapaleno in suspensions of nanocapsules by HPLC was developed and validated. The method was linear in the range of 10-30 µg mL-1, with a good correlation coefficient (r = 0.994). Precision and accuracy analysis showed low relative standard deviation (< 4.6%) and a good recovery percentual (98.2-106.9%). The procedure was specific, linear, precise, exact and robust so that the method can be applied in quantification of adapalene in suspensions of nanocapsules.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico por CLAE para a quantificação simultânea de dipropionato de betametasona e fosfato sódico de betametasona em suspensão injetável

A reversed-phase HPLC method was developed and validated to separate and simultaneously quantify the association of betamethasone sodium phosphate (BP) and betamethasone dipropionate (BD) in injectable suspensions. Chromatographic conditions were ternary gradient elution at 1.6 mL/min on a C18 column with 254 nm. The linearity of the method was established in the range 120 to 280 mg/mL BD, and 48 to 112 mg/mL BP. The RSD of intermediate precision of the method was <1% and recoveries were 99-101% for both drugs. The method proved selective, linear, precise, accurate and robust for quantifying BP and BD in commercial injectable suspensions.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para quantificação do fármaco bevacizumabe por cromatografia a líquido de alta eficiência

In this study, an analytical method was developed and validated for quantitation of the drug bevacizumab (Avastin®) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC column was a BioSuite 250® HR SEC, 300 x 7.8 mm x 5 µm (Waters, USA). The mobile phase consisted of phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The results revealed that the method was specific, precise, accurate, robust and linear (r² = 0.998) from 5 to 75 µg mL-1. Therefore, this method can be used in drug release studies or in quality control ampoules of the drug.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para a determinação de sulfassalazina em suspensão oral: comparação do método espectrofotométrico e de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE)

Sulfasalazine is a prodrug used in the treatment of the Chron's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Two analytical methods for analysis of sulfasalazine in oral suspension were validated using Spectrophotometric and HPLC. There is not any pharmacopoeic method to assay sulfasalazine in oral suspension. The methods are insurance and fast execution for the quality control. Both, suspension and tablets 500 mg (Azulfin®) had been analyzed by methods using UV/VIS and HPLC and the results were satisfactory.

Validação de método analítico livre de acetonitrila para análise de microcistinas por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência

Blooms of cyanobacteria represent a public health risk due to their cyanotoxins such as microcystins. Liquid chromatography techniques to separate and quantify microcystins invariably use acetonitrile as the organic component of the mobile phase. The price and availability of acetonitrile together with its elevated toxicity encourage the validation of acetonitrile-free methods of microcystin analysis. In this work, methanol was employed as the organic solvent of the mobile phase and the validation method was performed with different environmental water samples. The method showed limits of detection between 0.17 and 0.25 µg/L and of quantification between 0.55 and 0.82 µg/L for the microcystin variants: -RR, -YR, -LR, -LA.

Isolamento do verbacosídeo e validação de método analítico para padronização do extrato bruto das partes aéreas de Buddleja stachyoides Cham. & Schltdl. (Scrophulariaceae)

Phenylpropanoid glycoside verbascoside was isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction of the aerial parts of Buddleja stachyoides Cham. & Schltdl. by 1H-NMR. A method using high-performance liquid chromatography has been developed and validated for determination of verbascoside in alcoholic crude extract of the aerial parts of B. stachyoides. Analysis was performed on a Phenomenex® Gemini-NX C18 analytical column (250 mm × 4.6 mm; 5 µm) using a mobile phase (pump A - aqueous solution containing H2SO4 (0.01 M), H3PO4 (0.4%), and (C2H5)2NH (0.4%); pump B - methanol:aqueous (95:5) solution containing H2SO4 (0.05 M), H3PO4 (2%), and (C2H5)2NH (0.2%); pump C - acetonitrile:aqueous (90:10) solution containing H2SO4 (0.05 M) and H3PO4 (2%)) and a diode array detector at 325 nm. The method was validated in accordance with ANVISA guidelines and may be applied to quality control of herbal medicine with aerial parts of B. stachyoides.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método analítico para determinação simultânea de catecolaminas em órgãos reprodutores de ratos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção eletroquímica

O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor um método rápido e sensível para a determinação simultânea de catecolaminas (noradrenalina e adrenalina) em amostras de órgãos reprodutores de ratos machos por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência com Detecção Eletroquímica. O método envolveu a injeção direta do extrato ácido da amostra de tecido em uma coluna cromatográfica com superfície interna de fase (HSA-C18), empregando a fase móvel foi composta por solução de ácido metanosulfônico a 0.013mol L-1 (pH = 3.0): acetonitrila (96:4v/v), 0,033g ácido heptanosulfônico e 0,01g EDTA. A detecção dos analitos foi obtida, através de um detector eletroquímico L-ECD-6-A-Shimadzu com potencial em 85mV. A extração das catecolaminas foi utilizado ácido perclórico a 0,4 mol L-1. A extração do analito resultou em valores de recuperação entre 56% e 114%, e coeficiente de variação entre 3,8% a 23%. O limite de quantificação do método ficou entre 0,008 e 0,030 ng mg-1 para a noradrenalina, e 0,009 e 0,051 ng mg-1 para a adrenalina. Em conclusão, o método analítico foi validado e aplicado com desempenho às amostras reais de tecidos biológicos de ratos, permitindo a determinação de baixas concentrações das catecolaminas estudadas. O método apresentou várias vantagens: rapidez, alta precisão, boa seletividade e, ainda, não requer o pré-tratamento da amostra.

Validação de método analítico para análise de amitraz em mel utilizando GC/TSD

Este artigo descreve a validação de método analítico para determinação do acaricida amitraz em mel utilizando extração com n-hexano/acetona, cleanup em cartucho de extração em fase sólida (SPE) e análise por cromatografia a gás com detector termoiônico seletivo (GC-TSD). O método pode ser utilizado para monitorar a presença do pesticida amitraz em mel, devido aos bons parâmetros analíticos, precisão (CV<11%) e exatidão (>80%) dentro do intervalo 100-400 ng g-1. O limite estabelecido na União Européia, pelo Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products, para amitraz em mel (200 ng g-1) está dentro deste intervalo. A resposta do sistema analítico apresentou linearidade entre 100 e 800 ng mL-1 com coeficiente de correlação de 0,9996, limite de detecção (LD-7 ng g-1) e de quantificação (LQ-100 ng g-1). O método validado foi utilizado para avaliar a qualidade de méis comercializados na cidade de Araraquara/SP, nas quais não foram detectados resíduos de amitraz.