Metástase cervical de tumor primário oculto: estudo de 107 casos

Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 107 pacientes com metástases cervicais de tumor primário oculto, atendidos entre 1977 e 1995 no Hospital Heliópolis. Considerou-se a influência de fatores epidemiológicos e características clínicas na recorrência da doença e sobrevida. O carcinoma epidermóide foi o tipo histológico mais freqüente, acometendo predominantemente as cadeias júgulo-carotídeas alta e média (níveis II e III). Noventa e três por cento dos pacientes apresentavam doença avançada (estadiamento N2 ou N3). A sobrevida livre de doença (SLD) aos 5 anos foi de 24%, sendo 40% para os pacientes com 55 anos ou menos e 8% para aqueles com mais de 55 anos (p = 0,01). Todos os pacientes com doença na cadeia júgulo-carotídea baixa (nível IV) apresentaram recidiva nos primeiros 12 meses após o tratamento. Os tumores indiferenciados apresentaram recidiva mais precocemente. Na análise multivariada os fatores idade, tipo de tratamento e estadiamento foram significativos (p<0,05).

Linfangioma cístico do mesentério: uma rara apresentação de abdômen agudo

Mesenteric cyst is a rare intra abdominal pathology. The incidence ranges from 1/100,000 to 1/250,000 hospital admissions. The authors present a case of a female patient, 20 years old, with abdominal pain for four months which three days had an acute onset of abdominal pain, and ultrasound revealed a cyst of mesentery within a dense fluid. The patient had been submitted to a laparotomy, and resection of the cyst. We emphasized the clinical symptoms, diagnostic evaluation and the therapeutic of this condition.

Linfangioma cístico do pâncreas

Lymphangiomas are benign neoplasias of lymphatic tissue, extremely rare in the pancreas. Three lymphangioma types exist: capillary, cavernous and cystic. The authors report a case of cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas, with incidental diagnosis to the abdominal ultrasonography on investigation of urinary symptoms in male patient. To the laparotomy upper cystic mass was identified in the pancreas, that was totally resected. The histological examination demonstrated a cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas. The cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas was discovered accidentally, being assintomatic in most of the cases. Treatment of choice is complete resection, otherwise recidive is higher than 50%.

Tumor estromal gastrointestinal de intestino delgado

Stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (gists) represent relatively rare lesions that arise from connective tissue elements located along the entire length of the gut. They were initially identified by immunohistochemical investigation, proving their origin from nondifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Only a minority of this lesions, mainly those confined to the esophagus and rectum, have been shown to correspond to mature, well-differentiated types of neoplasms such as leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma. The majority of gists corresponds to a heterogeneous group of lesions that have as their common denominator an immature proliferation of epithelioid or spindle cells arising from its muscle layers, or between them, showing partial or incomplete myoide, neural, ganglionic, or mixed features of differentiation. This case report intends to show a gist of small bowel in a male, 46 years old, with a two-year of evolution.

Tumor carcinóide do reto

The rectum is the second most common location of the carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. It represents approximately one or two per cent of the rectal neoplasms. Metastases are less frequent and it presents a better prognosis than carcinoid tumors found in the digestive tract. Treatment is surgical and the technique to be used depends fundamentally on the size of the tumor and the degree of in the intestinal wall penetration. Lesions which are greater than one centimeter have been treated with local excision, while the ones greater than two centimeters have been submitted to a radical resection. This article presents a case of rectal carcinoid diagnosed and treated initially as adenocarcinoma by abdominal rectossigmoidectomy. There were no signs of recurrence after a period of five years and six months of post-surgical follow-up. Nowadays the validity of radical resection in the treatment of rectal carcinoids has been much questioned due to the fact that it has not shown a significant raise in survival rate when compared with patients who were submitted to a local resection.

Reatividade linfonodal com metástase cervical de tumor primário oculto: estudo de 24 pacientes

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a reatividade linfonodal em pacientes com metástase cervical de tumor primário oculto. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 24 pacientes submetidos a esvaziamento cervical entre 1983 e 1995 devido à metástase de tumor primário oculto. Os cortes histológicos dos 601 linfonodos resultantes foram corados pela hematoxilina-eosina e avaliados à microscopia óptica. A reatividade linfonodal considerou a presença de hiperplasia paracortical, hiperplasia de centro germinativo e hiperplasia sinusal. Foram avaliadas a relação da reatividade linfonodal, ruptura capsular, necrose e desmoplasia com a recidiva da doença. A análise estatística foi feita com Teste de Fisher com erro inferior a 5%. RESULTADOS: Setenta e sete por cento (77%) dos linfonodos se mostraram reativos. Cinqüenta e cinco por cento (55%) dos pacientes com hiperplasia paracortical ou mista e dezesseis por cento (16%) dos pacientes com hiperplasia de centro germinativo ou linfonodos não reativos estavam assintomáticos por ocasião do último retorno ambulatorial (p=0,11). A presença de necrose tumoral mostrou associação significativa com a presença de desmoplasia (p=0,02). CONCLUSÕES: A reatividade linfonodal é freqüente na maioria das metástases cervicais em tumor primário oculto e a necrose tumoral está diretamente ligada à presença de desmoplasia.

Tumor do apêndice vermiforme

Appendiceal tumors are rare and usually presented as acute appendicitis. They are incidentally discovered at an emergency surgery, in which case the decision-making is very difficult. The purpose of this report is discuss to the most appropriate management for appendiceal tumors. A retrospective analysis of one case treated at HU-UEL was undertaken and the literature was reviewed. The conclusion is that frozen section should be done whenever the appendiceal findings are atypical. For appendiceal carcinoids greater than 2 cm and adenocarcinomas, a right hemicolectomy is recommended. Appendectomy is apropriate for patients whose carcinoid tumors are 1 cm in diameter or less and for carcinoid tumors between 1 cm and 2 cm without extensive lymphatic permeation and mesenteric invasion. Every case should be searched for synchronous tumors.

Hamartoma cístico retrorretal

A 32-year-old woman was referred to our institution for a pelvic mass. She was asymptomatic and was found to have a mass on rectal examination. Magnetic resonance showed a large solid-cystic mass and the patient underwent complete surgical excision with pathologic findings suggesting retrorectal cyst-hamartoma. Tailgut cysts (or retrorectal cystic hamartomas) are rare congenital lesions settled in the retrorectal (presacral) space. They are made up of cysts lined by multiple types of epithelium, often predominantly mucin-secreting. The lesion requires complete surgical excision to prevent complications of recurrence, infection or carcinomatous degeneration.

Tumor estromal do trato gastrintestinal primário da papila duodenal

The majority gastrointestinal wall tumors previously considered leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas were reclassified into Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours because of typical imunohistochemic, genetic and biologic behaviors findings. We present a case report of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor primary of the duodenal papilla causing digestive haemorrage that was submitted to surgical treatment.

Colecistectomia laparoscópica em um paciente com ducto cístico duplo

Our objective is to report a case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a patient with duplicated cystic duct. A 34 year old male presented with episodic pain in the upper rigth quadrant of the abdomen. Murphy' s sign was not present. Ultrassonography showed gallbladder with multiple calculi and a thickened wall. At laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a duplicated cystic duct was found. Careful dissection and intraoperative cholangiography were performed to rule out common bile duct injury.

Ablação de tumor de canal anal tratado com laser de diodo: seguimento após 17 meses

The Nd:YAG laser is used as the palliative treatment of obstructive and/or hemorrhagic intestinal lesions with an effective but temporary symptomatic relief, with symptoms and signs recurrence after six to eight weeks. This report describes the treatment of a patient bearing a low rectal adenocarcinoma through diode laser ablation and the result after 17 months.

Tumor carcinóide de estômago tipo 1

Gastric carcinoid occurs in less than 1% of gastric neoplasias and around 2% of carcinoids tumors. They are classified into three forms: type 1, associated with atrophic gastritis, type 2, associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 and Zollinger Ellison syndrome, and type 3, a sporadic tumor. This study report a case of gastric carcinoid type 1, which manifested with chronic anemia, dyspeptic symptoms and hypergastrinemia. A 44 years old female patient, presented multiple lesions with diameter between 3 and 20 mm, with lynphonodal metastases. A total gastrectomy was performed associated with lymphnodes ressection and Y Roux reconstruction.

Hemorragia digestiva por tumor estromal gástrico

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors account for 0.1 to 3% of all resected gastric tumors and are the most common submucosal mass found in the stomach. Preoperative diagnosis is often difficult; consequently surgery is the best and only option on most cases. There are studies with different surgery techniques based on tumors location. The reported case led us at literature review with the intent of establishing preoperative diagnosis, therapeutic strategies and prognosis.

Tumor estromal gastrointestinal: análise de fatores relacionados ao prognóstico

OBJETIVO: estudar os critérios morfológicos e imunoistoquímicos relacionados ao prognóstico dos tumores estromais gastrointestinais. MÉTODOS: o estudo foi retrospectivo de 42 casos de tumor estromal gastrointestinal (GIST). Vinte e cinco casos foram obtidos no arquivo do Serviço de Anatomia Patológica do Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle e os outros dezessete, do Serviço de Anatomia Patológica do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. RESULTADOS: de acordo com a análise univariada os tumores maiores que 5 cm, com número de mitoses maior que 5/50 CGA, presença de necrose, de alto risco, revelaram significância em relação a redução da sobrevida (p= 0,017, 0,010, 0,001 e 0,016, respectivamente). Os outros fatores analisados (subtipo histológico, topografia e imunofenótipo) não mostraram significância. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados confirmam a utilidade do grau de risco, do tamanho tumoral, do índice mitótico e da necrose como fatores preditores do comportamento biológico dos tumores estromais gastrointestinais.

A ultra-sonografia como método de rastreamento populacional de tumor renal

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência dos incidentalomas renais malígnos no Hospital Universitário de Taubaté (HUT), evidenciados pelo ultra-som. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal e retrospectivo de 1559 prontuários de pacientes submetidos a US abdominais, por indicações que não envolviam sinais ou sintomas relacionados ao tumor renal, no período de maio de 1999 a novembro de 2002. Avaliou-se idade, sexo, indicação do exame, característica da lesão. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se 102 casos de incidentalomas renais, com a prevalência 6,2% de cistos simples e 0,19% de massas malignas do total dos US realizados. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência do incidentaloma renal maligno no Hospital Universitário foi de 0,19%, sendo menor que a descrita na literatura. O uso de ultra-sonografia como método de rastreamento populacional deve ser mais bem estudado, pois necessita de elevado número de exames para diagnóstico precoce do tumor renal.