Tumor do saco vitelino primário em retroperitônio

A case of primary extragonadal yolk sac tumor in the retroperitoneum of a young adult male is reported. The symptoms were melena and weakness for two months. Radiologic studies suggested a retroperitoneal tumor infiltrating the duodenum, artery aorta and vein cava, was found. Partial resection was performed, remaining tumor around the vessels. Microscopic examination disclosed a yolk sac tumor infiltrating the duodenum. The patient was managed unsuccessfully with radiotherapy, but good results were actived with chemotherapy. Few cases like that were reported in the literature.

Metástase cervical de carcinoma epidermóide com tumor primário desconhecido

Revisamos nossa experiência com carcinoma epidermóide metastático (CEM) para o pescoço com tumor primário desconhecido com a intenção de evidenciar quando o tratamento radioterápico exclusivo ou o tratamento cirúrgico seguido de radioterapia teriam impacto positivo sobre a sobrevida. Este é um estudo retrospectivo de 54 pacientes com CEM tratados na Seção de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço do Hospital do Câncer/INCa entre 1986 e 1992. Quarenta e oito pacientes (89%) eram do sexo masculino, a idade média foi de 54 anos. Quarenta pacientes tinham metástase para linfonodos cervicais da cadeia jugular interna alta (nível 2). Utilizamos a classificação TNM da UICC de 1992 para estagiar os pacientes, onde oito pacientes foram classificados como N1, vinte como N2, 22 como N3, sendo que quatro pacientes permaneceram não classificados. Todos foram submetidos a endoscopia do trato aerodigestivo superior e raio X de tórax. Trinta e cinco pacientes foram submetidos a biópsia de aspiração com agulha fina. Trinta e oito pacientes tiveram tratamento com intenção curativa e 1.6 tiveram tratamento paliativo com radioterapia. Dos pacientes tratados com intenção curativa, dez foram submetidos a esvaziamento cervical e 28 tiveram tratamento exclusivo com radioterapia. Os 16 pacientes tratados com intenção paliativa foram excluídos dos cálculos de sobrevida e análise das recidivas. As recidivas cervicais foram analisadas usando o método do qui-quadrado, e as curvas de sobrevida foram comparadas usando-se o teste de Wilcoxon. A biópsia aspirativa com agulha fina alcançou o diagnóstico em 85% dos casos. Oito pacientes (15%) apresentaram metástase à distância. O tumor primário foi identificado subseqüentemente em 9% dos pacientes. Dezoito pacientes (64%) tratados com radioterapia exclusiva tiveram recidivas no pescoço, e três pacientes (33%) tratados com cirurgia + radioterapia tiveram recidivas no pescoço. (p=0,05) Os pacientes classificados como N2/N3 tratados com cirurgia + radioterapia tiveram melhores resultados do que os tratados com radioterapia exclusiva (respectivamente p=0,05 e p=0,09). Os pacientes Nl tiveram melhor sobrevida livre de doença do que os pacientes N2/N3 (respectivamente p=0,007 e p=0,OO7). A sobrevida livre de doença em cinco anos foi de 69% para os pacientes Nl, 11 % para os pacientes N2 e 15% para os pacientes N3. A sobrevida livre de doença para todos os estágios foi de 28%. A biópsia aspirativa com agulha fina é um bom meio para diagnóstico e deve ser usada rotineiramente.

Metástase cervical de tumor primário oculto: estudo de 107 casos

Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 107 pacientes com metástases cervicais de tumor primário oculto, atendidos entre 1977 e 1995 no Hospital Heliópolis. Considerou-se a influência de fatores epidemiológicos e características clínicas na recorrência da doença e sobrevida. O carcinoma epidermóide foi o tipo histológico mais freqüente, acometendo predominantemente as cadeias júgulo-carotídeas alta e média (níveis II e III). Noventa e três por cento dos pacientes apresentavam doença avançada (estadiamento N2 ou N3). A sobrevida livre de doença (SLD) aos 5 anos foi de 24%, sendo 40% para os pacientes com 55 anos ou menos e 8% para aqueles com mais de 55 anos (p = 0,01). Todos os pacientes com doença na cadeia júgulo-carotídea baixa (nível IV) apresentaram recidiva nos primeiros 12 meses após o tratamento. Os tumores indiferenciados apresentaram recidiva mais precocemente. Na análise multivariada os fatores idade, tipo de tratamento e estadiamento foram significativos (p<0,05).

Tricobezoares no estômago, duodeno e íleo

A 21-year-old girl presents with a 15-day history of epigastric pain and vomiting. Ten days later, constipation and abdominal distension followed. The patient reported similar epigastric pain and vomiting for 6 days last year. A painless epigastric 12-by-8-centimeter tumor was observed on abdominal palpation, and rectal examination revealed an extrinsic tumor compressing anterior rectal wall. Upper digestive endoscopy showed a trichobezoar. Upon laparotomy, one gastric and one duodenal trichobezoar were removed through an anterior gastrotomy. Another one was found 40 centimeters proximal to the ileo-cecal valve and removed through a proximal ileotomy. Trichobezoar is an unspecific disease, which diagnosis is made upon suspicion. Early recognition of bezoars is important because morbidity and mortality rise considerably once complications occur. We illustrate this case to emphasize the need for early recognition and surgical management in order to reduce morbimortality.

Tumor estromal gastrointestinal de intestino delgado

Stromal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (gists) represent relatively rare lesions that arise from connective tissue elements located along the entire length of the gut. They were initially identified by immunohistochemical investigation, proving their origin from nondifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Only a minority of this lesions, mainly those confined to the esophagus and rectum, have been shown to correspond to mature, well-differentiated types of neoplasms such as leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma. The majority of gists corresponds to a heterogeneous group of lesions that have as their common denominator an immature proliferation of epithelioid or spindle cells arising from its muscle layers, or between them, showing partial or incomplete myoide, neural, ganglionic, or mixed features of differentiation. This case report intends to show a gist of small bowel in a male, 46 years old, with a two-year of evolution.

Reatividade linfonodal com metástase cervical de tumor primário oculto: estudo de 24 pacientes

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a reatividade linfonodal em pacientes com metástase cervical de tumor primário oculto. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 24 pacientes submetidos a esvaziamento cervical entre 1983 e 1995 devido à metástase de tumor primário oculto. Os cortes histológicos dos 601 linfonodos resultantes foram corados pela hematoxilina-eosina e avaliados à microscopia óptica. A reatividade linfonodal considerou a presença de hiperplasia paracortical, hiperplasia de centro germinativo e hiperplasia sinusal. Foram avaliadas a relação da reatividade linfonodal, ruptura capsular, necrose e desmoplasia com a recidiva da doença. A análise estatística foi feita com Teste de Fisher com erro inferior a 5%. RESULTADOS: Setenta e sete por cento (77%) dos linfonodos se mostraram reativos. Cinqüenta e cinco por cento (55%) dos pacientes com hiperplasia paracortical ou mista e dezesseis por cento (16%) dos pacientes com hiperplasia de centro germinativo ou linfonodos não reativos estavam assintomáticos por ocasião do último retorno ambulatorial (p=0,11). A presença de necrose tumoral mostrou associação significativa com a presença de desmoplasia (p=0,02). CONCLUSÕES: A reatividade linfonodal é freqüente na maioria das metástases cervicais em tumor primário oculto e a necrose tumoral está diretamente ligada à presença de desmoplasia.

Tumor do apêndice vermiforme

Appendiceal tumors are rare and usually presented as acute appendicitis. They are incidentally discovered at an emergency surgery, in which case the decision-making is very difficult. The purpose of this report is discuss to the most appropriate management for appendiceal tumors. A retrospective analysis of one case treated at HU-UEL was undertaken and the literature was reviewed. The conclusion is that frozen section should be done whenever the appendiceal findings are atypical. For appendiceal carcinoids greater than 2 cm and adenocarcinomas, a right hemicolectomy is recommended. Appendectomy is apropriate for patients whose carcinoid tumors are 1 cm in diameter or less and for carcinoid tumors between 1 cm and 2 cm without extensive lymphatic permeation and mesenteric invasion. Every case should be searched for synchronous tumors.

Lipoma da cabeça do pâncreas

Intrapancreatic lipoma is an extremely rare neoplasm. The authors present a case of pancreatic lipoma in a 51-years-old white female, with a history of abdominal pain for a twelve-month period, without other findings. Computed tomography scanning showed a 5cm tumor located at the head of the pancreas. After surgical excision of a solid mass, histological study reveled a benign neoplasm of fat-cells, surrounded for normal pancreatic tissue. The authors comment on the more important aspects of this pathology.

Marcadores tumorais no câncer colorretal

Colorectal cancer is a clinical entity of a persistent relevance in clinical practice and its early diagnosis is a determinant factor to obtain better therapeutic results. Tumor markers are helpful means for a better approach to individuals with such neoplasm. In the present review, the authors analyze the phases in which surgical-clinical treatment markers must be used: diagnosis, determination of tumor stage, establishment of prognosis and detection of recurrence. Current and future markers and the consensus on their use are discussed. Causal factors for errors in diagnosis with markers and perspectives of use are also presented.

Pseudotumor inflamatório do pulmão

We report a case of a ten year old boy with an inflammatory pseudotumor in the right upper lobe. Surgical excision was undertaken. Inflammatory pseudotumors of the lung often occur in children. We recommend complete resection for diagnosis and cure. This tumor can mimic malignant neoplastic lesions and can recur after surgical treatment.

Hamartoma cístico retrorretal

A 32-year-old woman was referred to our institution for a pelvic mass. She was asymptomatic and was found to have a mass on rectal examination. Magnetic resonance showed a large solid-cystic mass and the patient underwent complete surgical excision with pathologic findings suggesting retrorectal cyst-hamartoma. Tailgut cysts (or retrorectal cystic hamartomas) are rare congenital lesions settled in the retrorectal (presacral) space. They are made up of cysts lined by multiple types of epithelium, often predominantly mucin-secreting. The lesion requires complete surgical excision to prevent complications of recurrence, infection or carcinomatous degeneration.

Tumor estromal do trato gastrintestinal primário da papila duodenal

The majority gastrointestinal wall tumors previously considered leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas were reclassified into Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours because of typical imunohistochemic, genetic and biologic behaviors findings. We present a case report of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor primary of the duodenal papilla causing digestive haemorrage that was submitted to surgical treatment.

Tumor carcinóide de estômago tipo 1

Gastric carcinoid occurs in less than 1% of gastric neoplasias and around 2% of carcinoids tumors. They are classified into three forms: type 1, associated with atrophic gastritis, type 2, associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 and Zollinger Ellison syndrome, and type 3, a sporadic tumor. This study report a case of gastric carcinoid type 1, which manifested with chronic anemia, dyspeptic symptoms and hypergastrinemia. A 44 years old female patient, presented multiple lesions with diameter between 3 and 20 mm, with lynphonodal metastases. A total gastrectomy was performed associated with lymphnodes ressection and Y Roux reconstruction.

Condroma de laringe: apresentação atípica

The authors report a case of laryngeal chondroma , a rare benign larynx tumor in the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages. There are aproximately 250 cases previously described in literature. A male, 41 year-old patient, presented a severe and progressive dyspnea leading to tracheostomy. Direct microlaryngoscopy revealed arytenoid enlargement and subglottic stenosis and the endoscopical biopsy was inconclusive, since the tumor present a hard gnistency. We performed surgical excision by laringofissura and total resection of the tumor, with good result. The histopathological examination showed a chondroma with no malignance.

Hemorragia digestiva por tumor estromal gástrico

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors account for 0.1 to 3% of all resected gastric tumors and are the most common submucosal mass found in the stomach. Preoperative diagnosis is often difficult; consequently surgery is the best and only option on most cases. There are studies with different surgery techniques based on tumors location. The reported case led us at literature review with the intent of establishing preoperative diagnosis, therapeutic strategies and prognosis.