37 resultados para Ecosistemes -- Mediterrània (Mar)
Resumo:
Thermospray flame furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS) was used for the total determination of Cd, Pb and Zn in fresh water and seawater samples at µg L-1 levels, and in marine sediment samples at µg g-1 levels. Using a sample loop of 50 µL and a peristaltic pump the samples were transported into the metallic tube placed over an air/acetylene flame, through a ceramic capillary (o.d. = 3.2 mm) containing two parallel internal orifices (i.d = 0.5 mm). The detection limits determined for Cd, Pb and Zn using a synthetic water matrix (2.5% m/v NaCl, 0.5% m/v MgCl2 and 0.8% m/v CaCl2) were 0.32 µg L-1; 2.6 µg L-1 and 0.21 µg L-1 respectively. The methodology by TS-FF-AAS was validated by determination of Cd, Pb and Zn in certified reference materials of water and marine sediment, and the t-test for differences between means was applied. No statistically significant differences were established in fresh water and seawater (p>0.05), whereas differences became apparent in marine sediment (p<0.03).
Resumo:
In the begining of April 2004, concentrations of NHx (NH3 + NH4+) were measured in surface waters of the Guanabara Bay. Concentrations varied from 2 to 143 mmol L-1. Ammonia exchange at the air-sea interface was quantified using a numerical model. No measurement of NH3 concentration in air (c air) was performed. Thus, calculations of NH3 flux were based on the assumptions of c air = 1 and 5 µg m-3. Fluxes were predominantly from the water to the atmosphere and varied from -20 to almost 3500 µg N m-2 h-1.
Resumo:
In Surface water concentrations of N2O were measured at 37 stations in Guanabara Bay and fluxes estimated across the air-sea interface. Concentrations averaged 8.2 ± 2.2 nmol L-1 and 90% of the stations showed supersaturation averaging 33%. N2O fluxes were estimated using a two-film model which is given by the product of the concentration difference across the film and the gas transfer coefficient (k w). Two parametrizations of k w were used which provided average fluxes of 0.3 and 3.0 µg N m-2 h-1. Flux measurements using floating chambers (not reported here) seem to agree with the upper limit of these estimates.
Resumo:
A flow injection on-line pre-concentration system coupled to thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (TS-FF-AAS) for cadmium determination at sub μg L-1 levels in seawater samples was developed. The on-line system was evaluated by analysing cadmium containing in a synthetic seawater matrix (2.5% m/v NaCl, 0.5% m/v MgCl2 and 0.8% m/v CaCl2). A sample volume of 2 mL allows determining Cd with a detection limits of 30 ng L-1 (3* σblank/slope), pre-concentration factor of 34 and repeatability of 1,8% (calculated as RSD, N=8 and containing 200 ng L-1 of Cd ).
Resumo:
Os deslizamentos são eventos inerentes à dinâmica da Serra do Mar, nos trechos mais declivosos. Contudo, devido a alguns fatores de intervenção, como a poluição atmosférica, ocupação da base dos morros e outros, a incidência desses eventos tem aumentado. Diante disso, este estudo objetivou avaliar a dinâmica de colonização de áreas de encosta degradadas, como forma de subsidiar ações de recuperação. Para tanto, foram adotadas duas áreas experimentais, localizadas em trechos da serra do Mar próximos à Baixada Santista, onde foram lançadas parcelas de 1 m² e obtidos dados fitossociológicos. Em seguida, as áreas foram limpas e os mesmos parâmetros da avaliação inicial, registrados, mensalmente, ao longo de um ano. Foram encontradas 20 espécies, pertencentes a 14 famílias botânicas, em sua maioria espécies exóticas ou nativas não regionais.
Resumo:
O artigo explora algumas metáforas marinhas que surgem no pensamento alemão de Leibniz a Goethe, com o intuito de indicar como se desenvolvem certos temas de estética, tais como a noção de alma, de linguagem, de criação artística e de relação dialética entre forma e conteúdo. Passando por autores como Leibniz, Winckelmann, Herder, Goethe e Kant, pretende-se mostrar como, por meio desse desenvolvimento, se constitui uma visão de homem mais ampliada, que não se define mais somente pelo entendimento, mas envolve elementos inconscientes e afetivos.