79 resultados para 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzène disulphonate
Resumo:
The alkene 2,4-dimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]-oct-6-en-3-one (3) was converted to 1,3,10-trimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[5.3.0]-dec-3-ene-2,9-dione (7) and 1,3-dimethyl-8-oxabicyclo[5.3.0]-dec-3-ene-2,9-dione (8) with a 55% overall yield in both cases. Lactones (7) and (8) were converted in two steps to 1,3,4-trimethyl-13-methylene-6-oxatricyclo[8.3.0.0(3,7)]-trideca-2,5,12-trione (12) (63%) and 1,3-dimethyl-13-methylene-6-oxatricycle[8.3.0.0(3,7)]-trideca-2,5,12-trione (13) (45% from 8). The effect of lactones (7), (8), (12), (13) and the intermediates (5) and (6), at the concentration of 250 mug mL-1, on the growth of Cucumis sativus L. and Sorghum bicolor L. was evaluated. The best results were observed for lactone (13) that caused 100% inhibition on the root growth of C. sativus and lactone (12) that inhibited 90% of the root growth for S. bicolor.
Resumo:
Os autores induziram malária em pacientes portadores de neurosífilis com 3 diferentes "raças" do P. falciparum do Estado de Goiás. Tôdas foram resistentes à cloroquina em doses de 1.5 e 3g nas 48 horas. Uma delas apresentou resposta parcial ao tratamento com sulfato de quinino (20g em dez dias) e à combinação de sulfametoxipirazina e pirimetamina.
Resumo:
Foram desenvolvidos dois estudos seccionais sobre a doença de Chagas crônica, com intervalo de 4,5 anos, envolvendo as populações urbanas dos municípios de Água Branca, Catingueira, Emas, Imaculada, Mãe D'Àgua, Olho D'Àgua, Piancó e São José de Caiana, situados na região do Sertão do Estado da Paraíba. A evolução da cardiopatia foi avaliada em um grupo de 125 pares de pacientes chagásicos crônicos e não-chagásicos do mesmo sexo, idade e município de origem, através do exame eletrocardiográfico (ECG) de repouso. Foram considerados os seguintes tipos de evolução: inalterada - quando não havia mudança no padrão inicial do ECG; progressiva - quando havia mudança no padrão do ECG de normal para alterado ou pelo agravamento das alterações e normalização do ECG. No grupo de chagásicos a evolução inalterada ocorreu em 101 (80,8%)pacientes, progressiva em 13 (10,4%) e normalização do ECG em 11 (8,8%), enquanto no grupo de não-chagásicos foram observadas as mencionadas evoluções respectivamente em 117 (93,6%), 6 (4,8%) e 2 (1,6%) pacientes. Com esses dados podemos afirmar que a proporção de participação do componente etiológico exclusivamente chagásico na progressão da cardiopatia chagásica crônica foi de 5,9%, estimando-se uma média anual de 1,3%. Não houve diferença significativa nas freqüências de evolução progressiva em relação ao sexo dos pacientes, tanto no grupo de chagásicos como no de não-chagásicos. Por outro lado, a progressão da cardiopatia ocorreu mais precocemente nos chagásicos. A letalidade por cardiopatia foi 1,6% (2 casos) no grupo de chagásicos e de zero no de não chagásicos, no período considerado. Esses dados sobre a morbimortalidade podem ser considerados significativamente inferiores aos encontrados em áreas endêmicas como Virgem da Lapa e Pains-Iguatama, em Minas Gerais, provavelmente expressando o menor poder patogênico da infecção humana pelo Trypanosoma cruzi no Sertão da Paraíba.
Resumo:
Iryanthera paraensis e I. tricornis (Myristicaceae) contêm na madeira de seus troncos 1-(2', 4' - dihidroxifenil) -3- (4", 5"-metilenodoxi-2" -metoxifenil) -propano (1a 1-(2', 4' dihidroxifenil) -3-(3", 4" -metilenodioxifenil)-propano (1b) e 1-(4' -hidroxi -2'-metoxifenil) -3-(4"-hidroxi-3"-metoxifenil) -propano (1c). Apenas da primeira espécie se isolou adicionalmente 1-(2', 4'-dihidroxi-3' -metilfenil)-3-(4", 5"-metilenodioxi-2"- metoxifenil) -propano (1d) e 1-(2'-hidroxi-4'metoxifenil) -3-(3", 4"-metilenodioxifenil) -propano (1e). Dados espectroscópicos para a substância 1b, são descritos pela primeira vez.
Resumo:
São apresentadas duas cultivares de algodoeiro anual (Gossypium hirsutum L.), EPAMIG-4 (Redenção) e EPAMIG-5 (Precoce-1) lançadas pela Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG) para o plantio nas regiões algodoeiras do mesmo Estado. Suas características agronômicas e de fibra são descritas em valores absolutos e em comparação com a cultivar-testemunha utilizada. A primeira originou-se de seleção em campo de produção da cultivar IAC-17, e é recomendada para plantio em todo o Estado de Minas Gerais, enquanto a segunda foi originada de seleção sobre a linhagem introduzida "C-25-1-80", e é recomendada para o plantio na região norte de Minas Gerais. As cultivares em questão são altamente produtivas, tanto em condições de sequeiro quanto sob irrigação, e apresentam excelentes características agronômicas e de qualidade de fibra.
Resumo:
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os níveis de expressão de β-1,3-glucanases e quitinases nos porta-enxertos de videira SO4 e R110, respectivamente suscetível e resistente a Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. herbemontis, bem como avaliar o efeito do fungo micorrízico arbuscular Glomus intraradices no crescimento, na expressão dessas enzimas e na supressão do patógeno no porta-enxerto suscetível. Foram quantificadas as atividades enzimáticas de β-1,3-glucanases e quitinases nas raízes dos porta-enxertos. Mudas do porta-enxerto SO4 receberam inóculos de G. intraradices e F. oxysporum, e foram avaliadas quanto ao crescimento, atividade das duas enzimas e sintomas de doença. As atividades das enzimas nas raízes do porta-enxerto resistente aumentaram entre 0 e 5 dias após a inoculação do patógeno. A atividade de quitinases nas raízes do porta-enxerto suscetível aumentou com a inoculação do fungo micorrízico e do patógeno. A atividade de β-1,3-glucanases foi maior somente com a presença do fungo micorrízico e do patógeno. Videiras com inoculação de G. intraradices apresentaram diminuição nos sintomas de infecção por Fusarium spp., o que indica que o fungo micorrízico promove a indução de quitinases e β-1,3-glucanases especificamente na supressão ou inibição do patógeno.
Resumo:
This work reviews some applications of ab initio molecular orbital calculations to the elucidation of structures of interstellar molecules. The case of the CnNH (n=1, 3 and 5 ) carbenes is extensively analyzed and discussed. Theoretical conformational analysis and predicted values for the rotational constants and dipole moments of the singlet state of C5NH are reported for the first time and a comparison is performed with results previously obtained for C3NH and CNH.
Resumo:
The synthesis and NMR analysis of seven new 4-(aryl)amino-5-carboethoxy-1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridines (7-13) are described. The synthetic approach used involved the preparation of intermediates 5-aminopyrazol (4), the enamine derivative (5) and the 4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (6). Compounds (7-13) were obtained by treatment of 6 with the desired aniline. The structures of new heterocyclic compounds and their precursors intermediates were assigned on the basis of spectral analysis including 1D and 2D NMR experiments [¹H; 13C{¹H} and DEPT; ¹H x ¹H - COSY; ¹H x13C - COSY, nJ CH, n = 1, 2 or 3 (HETECOR and COLOC)].
Resumo:
The synthesis of ten symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted 1,3,5-triazines by Phase Transfer Catalysis (PTC) method is described. Their toxicities were determined against Artemia salina Leach. The LD50 values have also been obtained for these compounds.
Resumo:
1,2-dichloro-4,5-dinitrobenzene (DCDNB) reacts with primary and secondary amines, in acetonitrile, at room temperature, to give a monosubstituted nitro product with a yield of 85 to 95%. The chloro-nitro-disubstituted product is formed with excess amine under reflux. Piperidine, pyrroline, dimethylamine and methylamine were the most reactive reagents in both mono- and disubstitution.
Resumo:
Rate constants for the quenching of 1,3-indandione (1) triplet by olefins and by hydrogen and electron donors were obtained employing the laser flash photolysis technique in benzene solution. These rate constants ranged from 2.5x10(5) Lmol-1s-1 (for 2-propanol) to 5.9x10(9) Lmol-1s-1 (for DABCO). From the quenching rate constants by 1,3-cyclohexadiene, trans- and cis-stilbene a value between 49.3 and 52.4 kcal/mol was estimated for the energy of the triplet state of 1,3-indandione. The npi* character of this triplet state was evidenced by the quenching rate constants obtained when typical hydrogen donors were employed as quenchers. For 2-phenyl-1,3-indandione (2, R=phenyl) a fast Norrish type I reaction is operating which prevents the determination of kinetic and spectroscopic data of its triplet state.
Resumo:
This study describes the use of three (-)-alpha-pinene derivatives, one diol-1,2 [(-)-(1R, 2R, 3S, 5R)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-2,3-diol 4] and two piridine-hydroxy derivatives [(+)-(1R,2S,3R,5S)-2,6,6-trimethyl-3-(2-pyridinylmethyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-ol 7 and (-)-(1R,2S,3R,5S)-2,6,6-trimethyl-3-[2-(2-pyridinyl) ethyl]bicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-ol 8]; one diol-1,3 [(-)-(1S,2R,5S)-2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-5-methylcyclohexanol 5] derived from (+)-isopulegol 2 and one diol-1,3 [(+)-(1R,2R,5R)-2-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-5-methylcyclohexanol 6] derived from (+)-neo-isopulegol 3, as ligands in the asymmetric Reformatsky reaction. The best enantiomeric excess of beta-hydroxy ester obtained in the Reformatsky asymmetric reaction was 18% using ligand 6, and the chemical yield of the reactions was 65% on average.
Resumo:
A short and efficient synthesis of heptadeuterated 2,2,4,4,5,7,7-d7-cholestane (1) from cholesterol (3) is described. The deuterated material will be useful for the analysis of different sources of petroleum in analytical geochemistry laboratories as internal standard for quantification of steranes via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Resumo:
Sulfonic acid functionalized SBA-15 nanoporous material (SBA-Pr-SO3H) with a large pore size of 6 nm, a high surface area, high selectivity, and excellent chemical and thermal stability was applied as an efficient heterogeneous nanoporous acid catalyst in the reaction of isatin with pyrazolones under mild reaction conditions. A novel class of symmetrical spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrano[2,3-c:6,5-c']dipyrazol]-2-one derivatives was successfully obtained in high yields. Comparison of these results with those reported in the literature shows that the current method is efficient, and results in better reaction times and yields of the desired products. Other advantages of this new method are its operational simplicity, easy work-up procedure, and the use of SBA-Pr-SO3H as a reusable and environmentally benign nanoreactor, such that the reaction proceeds easily in its nanopores. We also tested the antimicrobial activity of the prepared compounds using the disc diffusion method, and some of the synthesized compounds exhibited the best results against B. subtilis and S. aureus.
Resumo:
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of eight 5-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-1-carboxyamidepyrazoles (TFDPs) on rat body temperature and baker’s yeast-induced fever. TFDPs or vehicle (5% Tween 80 in 0.9% NaCl, 5 mL/kg) were injected subcutaneously and rectal temperature was measured as a function of time in 28-day-old male Wistar rats (N = 5-12 per group). Antipyretic activity was determined in feverish animals injected with baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae suspension, 0.135 mg/kg, 10 mL/kg, ip). 3-Ethyl- and 3-propyl-TFDP (140 and 200 μmol/kg, respectively, 4 h after yeast injection) attenuated baker’s yeast-induced fever by 61 and 82%, respectively. These two effective antipyretics were selected for subsequent analysis of putative mechanisms of action. We then determined the effects on cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) oxidation in vitro, on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and on leukocyte counts in the washes of peritoneal cavities of rats injected with baker’s yeast. While 3-ethyl- and 3-propyl-TFDP did not reduce baker’s yeast-induced increases of IL-1β or TNF-α levels, 3-ethyl-TFDP caused a 42% reduction in peritoneal leukocyte count. 3-Ethyl- and 3-propyl-TFDP did not alter COX-1 or COX-2 activities in vitro, but presented antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay with an IC50 of 39 mM (25-62) and 163 mM (136-196), respectively. The data indicate that mechanisms of action of these two novel antipyretic pyrazole derivatives do not involve the classic inhibition of the COX pathway or pyrogenic cytokine release.