In-betweeness of readings: O feitiço da ilha do Pavão (1997) e O Chalaça (1994)

This work aims to bring near the contemporary historical novels O feitiço da ilha do Pavão (1997), by João Ubaldo Ribeiro, e O Chalaça (1994), by José Roberto Torero, analyzing the crossing of references where both novels meet. These novels share a zone of mythical-literary appropriation, where they read the Hispanic myths of Don Juan and picaro. Torero’s novel rewrites situations from the Brazilian First Empire and it’s built by changing the perspective to Francisco Gomes da Silva, the “Chalaça”, friend and personal secretary of the emperor D. Peter I. In this way, the novel establishes an intertextual relationship with the traditional picaresque novel, recalling some structural motifs and textual organization that make a parody of the picaro autobiographical account. Ubaldo Ribeiro’s novel retrieves the Brazilian Colonial period, executing a concentration of that society and its time conflicts by parody, following by the tensions between the protagonist group (an its ideal of freedom and equality) and social institutions, such as the Church and Estate, symbols of domination and oppression. Don Juan appears in the novel through the aim of freedom and opposition to the established norms that is observed in the island. From this reading, we’ll try to work on specific dialogue points between both myths that can be noticed in the novels as well relating them to the romantic esthetic: the vengeance and the trip. Our study is based on the notion of the myth as a structuring principle of the narrative, according to Frye (1973, p. 333), and the comprehension of the text as heterogeneous, arranged as a mosaic of citations (KRISTEVA, 1974, p. 64).

CULTURA Y PROPIEDAD EN EL FIN DE SIGLO LATINOAMERICANO

Com base em um corpus diferenciado– Pepón Osorio, Jorge Luis Borges, a literatura latino-americana atual –, este trabalho analisa as contradições não resolvidas que exibem os objetos estéticos e culturais no seu funcionamento social, nas suas articulações e cruzamentos locais e globais, sem esquecer suas delimitações recíprocas com as relações do poder cultural de dominação e subordinação, desde as variadas esferas públicas em jogo. A partir desta análise, surge uma luta interpretativa entre significados e sentidos vários sobre a estética, o mercado, a história e, além disso, os usos e a propriedade da cultura latino-americana no fim do século XX, sempre depois da construção de um campo político, cuja incidência social não é em absoluto desdenhável.

Female authorship Literature: Women in the history and in the memory

The purpose of this study is to analyze the process of Brazilian women’s search for equality, concerning cultural and social areas over five centuries. Oppression, submission and silence used to be common words for women during this period in the history. The extreme patriarchal system and the sexism in different areas of society prevented the female rights from expressing their opinions. This study process involved the research on significant articles, books and magazines related to gender equalities. The present achievements of women in the country are due to the work of feminist movements supported in Cultural Studies and Gender Theories that led women to represent an equal role in the society. As a result, women in the twentieth century got rid of the sexist oppression and besides producing remarkable writings, they improved their identities revealing themselves as skilful people able to contribute to the literary canon as well as diligent professional in education, politics and different areas of society in the postwar period.

O Questionamento do Discurso Colonial em “Viagem ao México”, de Silviano Santiago e “Concerto Barroco”, de Alejo Carpentier

RESUMO: A dominação, sobretudo, discursiva, foi o que moldou o pensamento das ex-colônias europeias mundo afora. Ao estabelecer um pensamento hegemônico, baseado no olhar do colonizador, o discurso colonial, por muito tempo, relatou a história apenas pela ótica do dominador. Diante disso, neste artigo, demonstro como a literatura e as teorias pós-coloniais vêm apresentando uma alternativa para se repensar o passado dessas nações e, consequentemente mudar, ideologicamente o olhar em relação a si mesmas e aos outros. Especificamente, neste trabalho, analiso como as obras “Viagem ao México”, de Santiago Santiago, e “Concerto Barroco”, de Alejo Carpentier, buscam por meio do questionamento do discurso oficial repensar o processo de colonização espanhola no México e a relação colonizador-colonizado. A partir dessa análise, demonstro como as teorias pós-coloniais não desejam apagar o passado, mas confrontá-lo com uma outra perspectiva (a pós-colonial) mais dialógica e menos hierarquizada, na qual as vozes distintas convivem de forma simultânea.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Literatura pós-colonial, passado, discurso.