A versenyszféra teljesítményéről nemzetközi összehasonlításban

Napjaink gazdasági nehézségei miatt a közvélemény hajlandó a rendszerváltás óta eltelt időszakot teljes egészében sikertelennek minősíteni. Ez felettébb veszélyes, mert nem veszi kellőképpen figyelembe azt a jelentős fejlődést, amelyet az ország ezen időszak alatt befutott és így egy féleredmény eredménnyé fejlesztése helyett könnyen tönkre teheti mindazt, amit elértünk. A tanulmány ezt a fejlődést kívánja bemutatni nemzetközi összehasonlításban és azt a továbblépés lehetőségeinek feszegetésével értékelni. A tanulmány központi mondanivalója, hogy egy fájdalmas, de elkerülhetetlen struktúraváltáson vagyunk túl, mely egy korábbi torz fejlődést az ország jelenlegi gazdasági fejlettségének megfelelően korrigált. A múltbeli teljesítményt rontja, hogy egyoldalúan a mikrovállalkozásokra orientálódott és nem tudta a szerkezetváltás során a kis és közepes vállalatok részarányát növelni. Jelenlegi gazdasági nehézségek megoldását is részben az jelentené, ha a szerkezetváltást ebbe az irányba tudnánk vezérelni. _____ For our everyday economic difficulties the public opinion is inclined to evaluate the period that passed since the transition as totally unsuccessful. This is very dangerous because it does not take into account properly that significant development that has been achieved by the country in this period and instead to complete the achieved half results everything could be destroyed what we have positively done. The study intends to present this development in international comparison and tries to evaluate it by trying to show the possibilities of further development. The central message of the study is, that we are behind a painful, but unavoidable structural change that has corrected a former distorted development and the achieved one corresponds to the present economic development level of the country. This performance is deteriorated by the exaggerated orientation onto micro enterprises and the inability to increase the share of small and micro enterprises properly. Our present economic difficulties could be eased significantly if we could stimulate structural shifts into this direction.

The financial stability and access to financing of SMEs in Hungary

The present study was prepared within the framework of cooperation between the Competitiveness Research Centre, operating within the Institute of Business Economics of Corvinus University of Budapest, and the National Association of Entrepreneurs, based on a commission from the latter. Th e goal of the study was to survey the self-financing capabilities and borrowing opportunities of majority Hungarian-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and to identify potential problems. The results of the research revealed that the high proportion of owner’s equity in the financing structure is not due to difficulties with borrowing, but because enterprises that cover their fi nancing primarily from their own resources have other financing opportunities at their disposal. Although general satisfaction with banks shows a diminishing tendency, it can still be interpreted favourably. The majority of companies have not encountered serious borrowing difficulties. With regard to the system of competitive tenders, company managers have sensed some improvement, but general satisfaction is still lacking. Although the research results suggest that the primary obstacle to growth in 2013 was not the lack of credit or external funding, it is important to emphasize that start-ups, young enterprises and micro-enterprises, which struggle the most with financing worries, were not represented in the analysed database.

The solution-seeking behavior of small Hungarian enterprises between 2006 and 2010

This paper describes the results of an investigation into the finance-related innovative ability of Hungarian micro, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) by using two datasets (from 2006 and 2010). The author explored SMEs’ levels of openness to new financial solutions and identified features which influence their innovative solution-seeking behavior. Additionally, changes in innovation between 2006 and 2010 were analyzed according to the SME sector and whether there is a correlation between having an active solution seeking attitude and business performance was examined. The findings show that shared/multiple ownership in businesses (having interests in different enterprises simultaneously) has a significant positive effect on flexibility and innovative ability. However, the size of the business, industrial sector, type of ownership and market of the SME also have some effect. Furthermore, the hypothesis that an active solution-seeking attitude increases after-tax performance per employee was confirmed.

The regulatory environment of the section of the non-standardized goods market - The findings of an interview research on Hungarian construction industry small enterprises

In this paper the behavior of economic actors shown in the uncertain quality goods markets is examined from the perspective of the sociology of markets. The analysis uses the findings of in-depth interviews conducted in 2011 and 2012 respectively amongst small and medium size entrepreneurs working in construction industry. In the Hungarian construction industry neither formal rules, nor vocational chambers, are able to create a safe environment for entrepreneurs. Nevertheless, networks created as a result of micro-selection steps might be able to enforce the quality of services, observe deadlines and what is more, ensure payment discipline. In this market, the typical high risk can be reduced by relationships. Networks reduce also the cost of transactions, since the important part of the services in this field could only be standardized at significant costs.