The Current Discussion on Men and Masculinities

In the past gender specific problems were mainly discussed in a female perspective. In the meantime there is a rising attentiveness in the living conditions of men and their coping strategies within critical life events. In this paper an appropriate frame of reference is outlined which can be used in those areas of social work where men are already discovered as a target group with special difficulties and needs.

Modeling and Vibration Suppression for Telescopic Systems of Structural Members with Clearance

Telescopic systems of structural members with clearance are found in many applications, e.g., mobile cranes, rack feeders, fork lifters, stacker cranes (see Figure 1). Operating these machines, undesirable vibrations may reduce the performance and increase safety problems. Therefore, this contribution has the aim to reduce these harmful vibrations. For a better understanding, the dynamic behaviour of these constructions is analysed. The main interest is the overlapping area of each two sections of the above described systems (see markings in Figure 1) which is investigated by measurements and by computations. A test rig is constructed to determine the dynamic behaviour by measuring fundamental vibrations and higher frequent oscillations, damping coefficients, special appearances and more. For an appropriate physical model, the governing boundary value problem is derived by applying Hamilton’s principle and a classical discretisation procedure is used to generate a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations as the corresponding truncated mathematical model. On the basis of this model, a controller concept for preventing harmful vibrations is developed.

Markt- und Trendanalyse Laserstrahlschmelzen 2010

Nicht nur die vielfältigen funktionsbezogenen Anforderungen von Produkten und Bauteilen, sondern vor allem die heutigen Marktbedürfnisse stellen große Herausforderungen für aktuelle Fertigungstechnologien dar. Hierbei bildet die kontinuierlich steigende Variantenvielfalt bei gleichzeitiger Senkung der Stückzahlen je Variante die differenzierten Kundenwünsche ab. Diese Entwicklungen begünstigen die Perspektiven des Laserstrahlschmelzens im Allgemeinen sowie seiner speziellen Anwendungsgebiete Rapid Prototyping, Rapid Tooling und Rapid Manufac-turing. In den Branchen der Medizintechnik und der Gummi- und Kunststoffverarbeitung ist bereits seit einiger Zeit eine dynamische Entwicklung erkennbar. Besonders in der Medizintechnik wird der immer breitere Einsatz des Laserstrahlschmelzens durch die hohe Innovationsfähigkeit des Verfahrens und ein verbesserstes Qualitäts-management vorangetrieben. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Forderungen nach individualisierten und individuellen Produkten werden bereits heute patientenangepasste Implantate mit dem Laserstrahlschmelzverfahren gefertigt. Erwarten die Marktteilnehmer eine weiterhin steigende Nachfrage nach solchen Produkten? Wie muss das Verfah-ren verbessert werden, um seine Prozessstabilität zu erhöhen? Wo liegen die zukünftigen Herausforderungen in der Strahlschmelztechnologie? Um diese und weitere Fragen zu klären hat das Fraunhofer Institut für Produkti-onsanlagen und Konstruktionstechnik (IPK) eine Markt- und Trendanalyse für das Laserstrahlschmelzen durchge-führt.

Seniors in Society. Strategies to Retain Individual Autonomy

The research project on "Seniors in Society. Strategies to Retain Individual Autonomy" (2002 - 2004) is supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic. It's importance is empha-sized by the relevance of social and economic aspects of demographic ageing of the popula-tion and that of fundamental changes associated with the transformation of Czech society. The objectives of the research are (1) to find out seniors' material and social resources sup-porting their relative autonomy in everyday life, (2) to record their personal expectations from state, community, or formal and informal support and aid institutions, respectively, and (3) to uncover their engagement in social interaction and individual experiencing of the integration into social groups. The data acquired become the base for (4) identifying the typologies corre-sponding to the levels of seniors' social integration (i.e. groups of relatives, friends, neighbours, special-interest and professional groups). By applying qualitative methods, we explore (5) strategies of everyday life and coping with life cycle events and crisis within par-ticular types. Special attention is paid to the family background of the seniors, including rela-tives in the vertical line. Specifically, we focus on (6) conditions under which family is capa-ble and willing to help or actually is helping it's oldest members, as well as on their interpre-tation within (7) identified types of the relatives supportive systems.