Die Substitute des Subjekts. Paul Theks The Tomb, gesehen als modellhafte Reflexion von Autorschaft

Susan Sontag widmete Paul Thek 1964 ihren Essayband Against Interpretation. Nicht zuletzt, weil seine Environments nicht abschließend zu interpretieren sind, gilt Paul Thek (1933-1988) noch heute als ›artist’s artist‹. Dass sich sein Werk an den losen Enden mit Gegenwartskunst verknüpfen lässt, zeigten jüngst das ZKM Karlsruhe und die Sammlung Falckenberg Hamburg im Medium der Ausstellung. Welche Methoden und Textsorten der Kunstwissenschaft zur Verfügung stehen, um eine künstlerische Praxis zu kommentieren, die sich Kategorien wie Autorschaft, Chronologie und Werkimmanenz entzieht, wird anhand von Theks The Tomb diskutiert. Die These lautet: In Analogie zu Michel Foucaults ›Tod des Autors‹ zelebrierte Paul Thek 1967 in der New Yorker Stable Gallery den ›Tod des Künstlers‹.

Idiomatic Différance: Reflections on Intranslatability in the Works of Gerhard Richter

Translatability of a work of art, according to Walter Benjamin, is an essential ability to allow a translation to take on »a specific significance inherent in the original« so that it will retain a close relationship to the original. In contrast, Gerhard Richter's photo-based paintings show such an auratic significance of the original in its innate deficiency or intranslatability. As Rosemary Hawker puts it, the striking effect of blur in his paintings represents itself at once as a unique photographic idiom and a distinctive shortcoming of photography which impedes the medium from providing viewers with clearly perceivable images; the blur creates a site of différance in which both media come to a common understanding of one another’s idioms by telling what those idioms always fail to achieve. In this short essay, I will examine ways in which Richter’s photographic and pictorial works, including early monochrome paintings and recent abstract works based on microscopic photographs of molecular structures, attempt to untranslate photographic idioms in order to see painting’s (in)abilities simultaneously. In doing so, I intend to observe in the artist’s pictorial practice an actual phenomenon that the image can designate certain facts or truths only through its inherent plurality, faultiness, and partiality.

Die Substitute des Subjekts. Paul Theks The Tomb, gesehen als modellhafte Reflexion von Autorschaft

Susan Sontag widmete Paul Thek 1964 ihren Essayband Against Interpretation. Nicht zuletzt, weil seine Environments nicht abschließend zu interpretieren sind, gilt Paul Thek (1933-1988) noch heute als ›artist’s artist‹. Dass sich sein Werk an den losen Enden mit Gegenwartskunst verknüpfen lässt, zeigten jüngst das ZKM Karlsruhe und die Sammlung Falckenberg Hamburg im Medium der Ausstellung. Welche Methoden und Textsorten der Kunstwissenschaft zur Verfügung stehen, um eine künstlerische Praxis zu kommentieren, die sich Kategorien wie Autorschaft, Chronologie und Werkimmanenz entzieht, wird anhand von Theks The Tomb diskutiert. Die These lautet: In Analogie zu Michel Foucaults ›Tod des Autors‹ zelebrierte Paul Thek 1967 in der New Yorker Stable Gallery den ›Tod des Künstlers‹.

The Telescope Stand Inspiration for Marcel Duchamp’s Bicycle Wheel Readymade

This article is the result of research following on from the author’s previous article on the same subject, ›The Inspiration for Marcel Duchamp’s Bicycle Wheel Readymade‹ written in 2007. In that article the author argued by process of deduction that Duchamp’s Bicycle Wheel was inspired by an improvised telescope stand and was not the product of the artist’s imagination as the artist claimed. This article presents new supporting evidence of a Great War period photograph of an improvised telescope stand made with a bicycle wheel and forks. This article also examines the dating of the first version and construction of the authorised versions of Bicycle Wheel and presents new evidence for the source of the forks component of the 1916 version.

Idiomatic Différance: Reflections on Intranslatability in the Works of Gerhard Richter

Translatability of a work of art, according to Walter Benjamin, is an essential ability to allow a translation to take on »a specific significance inherent in the original« so that it will retain a close relationship to the original. In contrast, Gerhard Richter's photo-based paintings show such an auratic significance of the original in its innate deficiency or intranslatability. As Rosemary Hawker puts it, the striking effect of blur in his paintings represents itself at once as a unique photographic idiom and a distinctive shortcoming of photography which impedes the medium from providing viewers with clearly perceivable images; the blur creates a site of différance in which both media come to a common understanding of one another’s idioms by telling what those idioms always fail to achieve. In this short essay, I will examine ways in which Richter’s photographic and pictorial works, including early monochrome paintings and recent abstract works based on microscopic photographs of molecular structures, attempt to untranslate photographic idioms in order to see painting’s (in)abilities simultaneously. In doing so, I intend to observe in the artist’s pictorial practice an actual phenomenon that the image can designate certain facts or truths only through its inherent plurality, faultiness, and partiality.

Connecting Interactive Arts and Virtual Reality with Enaction

This paper reports on a Virtual Reality theater experiment named Il était Xn fois, conducted by artists and computer scientists working in cognitive science. It offered the opportunity for knowledge and ideas exchange between these groups, highlighting the benefits of collaboration of this kind. Section 1 explains the link between enaction in cognitive science and virtual reality, and specifically the need to develop an autonomous entity which enhances presence in an artificial world. Section 2 argues that enactive artificial intelligence is able to produce such autonomy. This was demonstrated by the theatrical experiment, "Il était Xn fois" (in English: Once upon Xn time), explained in section 3. Its first public performance was in 2009, by the company Dérézo. The last section offers the view that enaction can form a common ground between the artistic and computer science areas.

The EU’s Trouble with Mashups: From Disabling to Enabling a Digital Art Form

New tools for editing of digital images, music and films have opened up new possibilities to enable wider circles of society to engage in ’artistic’ activities of different qualities. User-generated content has produced a plethora of new forms of artistic expression. One type of user-generated content is the mashup. Mashups are compositions that combine existing works (often) protected by copyright and transform them into new original creations. The European legislative framework has not yet reacted to the copyright problems provoked by mashups. Neither under the US fair use doctrine, nor under the strict corset of limitations and exceptions in Art 5 (2)-(3) of the Copyright Directive (2001/29/EC) have mashups found room to develop in a safe legal environment. The contribution analyzes the current European legal framework and identifies its insufficiencies with regard to enabling a legal mashup culture. By comparison with the US fair use approach, in particular the parody defense, a recent CJEU judgment serves as a comparative example. Finally, an attempt is made to suggest solutions for the European legislator, based on the policy proposals of the EU Commission’s “Digital Agenda” and more recent policy documents (e.g. “On Content in the Digital Market”, “Licenses for Europe”). In this context, a distinction is made between non-commercial mashup artists and the emerging commercial mashup scene.