A membrane process to extract Citrus Lemon derived extracellular vesicles

Extra cellular vesicles are membrane bound and lipid based nano particles having the size range of 30 to 1000 nm released by a plethora of cells. Their prime function is cellular communication but in the recent studies, the potential of these vesicles to maintain physiological and pathological processes as well as their nano-sized constituents opened doors to its applications in therapeutics, and diagnostics of variety of diseases such as cancer. Their main constituents include lipids, proteins, and RNAs. They are categorized into subtypes such as exosomes, micro-vesicles and apoptotic bodies In recent studies, extracellular vesicles that are derived from plants are gaining high regard due to their variety of advantages such as safety, non-toxicity, and high availability which promotes large scale production. EVs are isolated from mammalian and plant cells using multitude of techniques such as Ultracentrifugation, SEC, Precipitation and so on. Due to the variety in the sources as well as shortcomings arising from the isolation method, a scalable and inexpensive EV isolation method is yet to be designed. This study focusses on isolation of EVs from citrus lemon juice through diafiltration. Lemon is a promising source due to its biological properties to act as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory agents. Lemon derived vesicles was proven to have several proteins analogous to mammalian vesicles. A diafiltration could be carried out for successful removal of impurities and it is a scalable, continuous technique with potentially lower process times. The concentration of purified product and impurities are analysed using Size Exclusion Chromatography in analytical mode. It is also considered imperative to compare the results from diafiltration with gold standard UC. BCA is proposed to evaluate total protein content and DLS for size measurements. Finally, the ideal mode of storage of EVs to protect its internals and its structure is analysed with storage tests.

Un árbol con muchas verdades di Beatriz Eugenia Vallejo Franco: proposta di traduzione dallo spagnolo in italiano di un albo illustrato

L’elaborato si propone di analizzare e tradurre in italiano l’album illustrato per bambini dal titolo “Un árbol con muchas verdades” scritto e illustrato da Beatriz Eugenia Vallejo Franco, da anni impegnata con il Centro Nacional de la Memoria histórica e la Comisión para la verdad che lavorano per chiarire le cause del conflitto armato da che da anni affligge la Colombia, riconoscere i diritti delle vittime e gettare le basi per la costruzione di una pace duratura e stabile. L’elaborato è stato suddiviso in tre capitoli: il primo è dedicato all’analisi del testo di partenza (autrice, paratesto, personaggi, temi, tempo, spazio, stile), il secondo alla proposta di traduzione, il terzo alla traduzione della letteratura per l’infanzia e, nello specifico, alle strategie adottate per risolvere i problemi e le difficoltà di traduzione emersi durante il processo traduttivo.