Magia e medicina in Burkina Faso. Proposta di traduzione del testo scientifico La médecine des traditions africaines.

Il presente elaborato nasce dalla volontà di far conoscere, attraverso una proposta di traduzione del primo capitolo, il libro del farmacista e traditerapeuta Pascal Nadembega, originario del Burkina Faso. Come indica il titolo stesso, il libro tratta della medicina tradizionale africana, nei suoi aspetti magici e scientifici. Il testo è anche pretesto per tracciare una breve panoramica storica della medicina in Africa, dalle origini al giorno d'oggi, con ostacoli e relative soluzioni appartenenti a ogni epoca. Nella proposta di traduzione si cerca di mantenere lo stile oralizzato tipico del francese delle popolazioni africane, con l'aggiunta di note a piè di pagina per facilitare la comprensione di culturemi. L'analisi del testo di partenza e il commento alla proposta di traduzione si propongono di studiare le difficoltà incontrate durante il processo di traduzione, nonché di metterle in relazione con la natura ibrida dell'argomento trattato dall'autore.

Involvement and detachment in David Cameron and Ed Miliband’s political discourse. An analysis of deictic shields on the pronoun ‘I’ in UK 2015 General Election news interviews

The goal of my study is to investigate the relationship between selected deictic shields on the pronoun ‘I’ and the involvement/detachment dichotomy in a sample of television news interviews. I focus on the use of personal pronouns in political discourse. Drawing upon Caffi’s (2007) classification of mitigating devices into bushes, hedges and shields, I focus on deictic shields on the pronoun ‘I’: I examine the way a selection of ‘I’-related deictic shields is employed in a collection of news interviews broadcast during the electoral campaign prior to the UK 2015 General Election. My purpose is to uncover the frequencies of each of the linguistic items selected and the pragmatic functions of those linguistic items in the involvement/detachment dichotomy. The research is structured as follows. Chapter 1 provides an account of previous studies on the three main areas of research: speech event analysis, institutional interaction and the news interview, and the UK 2015 General Election television programmes. Chapter 2 is centred on the involvement/detachment dichotomy: I provide an overview of nonlinguistic and linguistic features of involvement and detachment at all levels of sentence structure. Chapter 3 contains a detailed account of the data collection and data analysis process. Chapter 4 provides an accurate description of results in three steps: quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis and discussion of the pragmatic functions of the selected linguistic features of involvement and detachment. Chapter 5 includes a brief summary of the investigation, reviews the main findings, and indicates limitations of the study and possible inputs for further research. The results of the analysis confirm that, while some of the linguistic items examined point toward involvement, others have a detaching effect. I therefore conclude that deictic shields on the pronoun ‘I’ permit the realisation of the involvement/detachment dichotomy in the speech genre of the news interview.