Effect of culture system and diet in early larval stages over skeletal deformities development in gilthead sea bream

[ES] Main deformities such as lordosis, opercular deformities and upper/lower jaws shortening are considered as quality descriptors in commercial marine fish fry production and seem to be related with larval culture conditions in early larval stages. The aim of this work was to obtain information about the contribution of the diet and rearing system to the apparition of these abnormalities in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) larvae in semi-industrial scale facilities. For that purpose, two different larval rearing systems semi-intensive and intensive were compared; besides, two different rotifer enrichments, DHA Protein Selco, (Inve Aquaculture, Dendermonde, Belgium) (R1) and Red Pepper Paste, (Bernaqua bvba, Turnhout, Belgium) were tested in the intensive system. Biochemical composition of larvae, preys and commercial products was analysed. At 50 days post hatching six hundred fish per treatment were individually studied under stereoscope and deformity frequency recorded. Besides at 95 days post hatching fry were soft X ray monitored. Both rotifer enrichment and rearing system affected survival, growth and deformity frequency. Rearing system did not affect total larvae fatty acid content except at 20 dah, where DHA were significantly higher and EPA significantly lower in Semi-intensive system. A significantly lower percentage of deformity rates together with better survival and growth were obtained in the semi-intensive system. In dietary treatment, rotifer enrichment significantly affected larval survival. R1 rotifers enrichment significantly (P<0.05) improved survival when compared to fed R2 larvae. The content of DPA was significantly (P<0.05) higher in R2 fed larvae reflecting the R2 rotifers content of this fatty acid. The level of this FA tended to decrease in concordance with the rotifers replacement by artemia in the diet. The effects n-3-HUFA and DPA (22:5n-6) over larval survival and skeletal deformities development is discussed.

The effects of supplementation of decapod zoea to Artemia basal diet on the digestive gland histology and the fatty acid composition in common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) paralarvae.

[EN]The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of different crab zoeas to enriched Artemia basal diet for O. vulgaris paralarvae during the first month of life. Paralarvae were fed using: enriched Artemia nauplii alone and Artemia co-fed with either first zoea stages of Grapsus adscensionis or Plagusia depressa. The experiment was carried out over a period of 28 days, in 0.12 m3 tanks with a flow-through rearing system. Growth in dry weightas well as mantle length and width were assessed weekly. Additionally, prey and paralarvae fatty acid composition and digestive gland (DG) histology were evaluated.

Orígenes de la cabra paleo-canaria de villaverde (Fuerteventura)

[EN] After comparing the features of the group of goats from Villaverde ( osseous remains from the beginning of our era), -La Palma (recently extinct), and - Desertas (descendants of the anciet Canarian goat ), all of them cosidered to be of the same breed, with those of the neolithic and protohistoric goats from North Africa, greater affinity is found with the mamber goat of the predinastic Egypt and the Ancient Egyptian Empire, represented in King Ranusir's tomb (V Dinasty) 4.500 years ago, and affinity is also found with the neolithic goat painted in Amguid (Central Sahara) and the modern Sahel goats, although the paleo - Canarian goat has its own features.

La cabra paleo-canaria de Villaverde (Fuerteventura)

[ES] Miles de fragmentos óseos pertenecientes a medio millar de cabras domésticas de los pobladores de Fuerteventura durante el primer milenio de nuestra Era han sido extraídos en las excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en la Cueva de Villaverde. Algunas de las piezas óseas estaban más completas y han permitido atisbar el aspecto de esa casta paleo-canaria que no ha subsistido en las islas, salvo quizás hasta hace poco en la Caldera de Taburiente en La Palma, puesto que ya en los siglos XVI y XVII se cruzó numerosísimas veces con ejemplares de muy diversos lugares de Europa para obtener la gran productividad lechera que caracteriza hoy a las cabras de Fuerteventura.

Orígenes de la oveja paleo-canaria de Villaverde (Fuerteventura)

[ES] El hallazgo de restos óseos de oveja durante las excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en la Cueva de Villaverde en Fuerteventura ha permitido la reconstrucción parcial de su esqueleto, la comparación biométrica con ovicaprinos de otras culturas prehistóricas y evidenciar algunos de sus rasgos. La talla es grande, entre 70 y 80 cm. de cruz, las patas largas (longipes), al menos las hembras carecen de cuernos (acerata) y el perfil facial es recto. Otra información, antiguos escritos como los de ABREU GALINDO en 1602 y ESCUDERO en 1639, da a conocer la presencia en Canarias de una raza de carneros y ovejas "que no tienen lana, sino pelo liso como cabras" "rasas sin cuernos ni lanas" "cueros muy gruesos" "cuero peloso de carnero" "al cuero llamaban harhuy" "ovejas gordas y de mucha grasa" "ovejas no como las de España" (MEC0,1992).

Restos óseos de la oveja paleo-canaria de Villaverde (Fuerteventura)

[ES] Entre los materiales extraidos en las excavaciones arqueológicas de la Cueva de Villa verde en Fuerteventura han aparecido restos óseos fragmentados pertenecientes a oveja. La Cueva fue habitada por antiguos pobladores de la isla entre el año 200 y el año 1.000 de nuestra era (HERNANDEZ et. al., 1988).