Construct validity of a figure rating scale for Brazilian adolescents

Background: Figure rating scales were developed as a tool to determine body dissatisfaction in women, men, and children. However, it lacks in the literature the validation of the scale for body silhouettes previously adapted. We aimed to obtain evidence for construct validity of a figure rating scale for Brazilian adolescents.Methods: The study was carried out with adolescent students attending three public schools in an urban region of the municipality of Florianopolis in the State of Santa Catarina (SC). The sample comprised 232 10-19-year-old students, 106 of whom are boys and 126 girls, from the 5th series (i.e. year) of Primary School to the 3rd year of Secondary School. Data-gathering involved the application of an instrument containing 8 body figure drawings representing a range of children's and adolescents' body shapes, ranging from very slim (contour 1) to obese (contour 8). Weights and heights were also collected, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated later. BMI was analyzed as a continuous variable, using z-scores, and as a dichotomous categorical variable, representing a diagnosis of nutritional status (normal and overweight including obesity).Results: Results showed that both males and females with larger BMI z-scores chose larger body contours. Girls with higher BMI z-scores also show higher values of body image dissatisfaction.Conclusion: We provided the first evidence of validity for a figure rating scale for Brazilian adolescents.

Oral health education in schools: promoting health agents

Purpose: The aim of this study was to verify the influence of preschool children participating in an oral health education programme on daily health practices of their families, through parent's perception. Methods: A sample of 119 parents of 5- to 6-year-old preschool children were selected. Data were collected using a structured open-closed questionnaire, self-administered. The questions focused on parents' knowledge about activities of oral health education conducted in school, the importance given by them to these activities, learning from their offspring and the presence of habit change at home. Results: In total, 63 (52.9%) parents agreed to participate. Ninety-eight per cent knew about educative and preventive activities developed at school and all of them affirmed that these activities were important, mainly because of knowledge, motivation and improvement in children's health. Ninety and half per cent of parents reported that they learned something about oral health from their children and, among these, almost half (47.8%) cited toothbrushing as the indicator for better learning. Besides this, 87.3% of participants revealed the change in oral health habits of their family members. Conclusion: Preschool children were able to transmit knowledge acquired at school to their parents that included change in oral health routine of their family members.

A vivência do pai no processo de reabilitação da criança com deficiência auditiva

Este estudo visou investigar as vivências emocionais e mecanismos de defesa de pais de crianças com deficiência auditiva. Foram entrevistados 12 genitores masculinos, de 25 a 38 anos, com escolaridade de primeiro grau incompleto a superior incompleto. Dos entrevistados, sete eram pais de filhos únicos, três, pais pela segunda vez e um pai pela terceira vez da criança com necessidade específica. As respostas foram categorizadas e analisadas com base no referencial psicodinâmico e apresentam vivências de choque, ansiedade e angústia e o uso de mecanismos de defesa frente ao diagnóstico e implicações da deficiência. As defesas constatadas foram analisadas como reações situacionalmente esperadas, podendo favorecer formas mais realistas de enfrentamento posterior. Sugere-se que, assim como mães, pais vivenciam impacto e dificuldades emocionais frente ao diagnóstico de seus filhos. Diferenças de papéis familiares facilitam ao pai um menor envolvimento na educação da criança, devendo-se valorizar a sua importância no processo de reabilitação.

Psychophysical power functions for apparent area in perceptive, memory, and inference conditions for observers of different age groups

The purpose of this research was to verify the effect of age on the exponent of the power function in Perceptive, Memory, and Inference experimental conditions. In the Memory condition the intervals of 2 min., 8, 24, and 48 hr. and 1 wk. were used between acquisition of information and remembering. For each experimental condition the ages of observers ranged between 17 and 35 years (Group I), 40-55 years (Group II), and 60-77 years (Group III), and education ranged from high school to graduate school. The observers estimated the areas of the Brazilian states using the psychophysical method of magnitude estimation. No significant differences were obtained for Groups I, II, and III for each experimental condition, except in the Memory Condition with the 24-hr. interval. Analysis for experimental conditions and ages showed a significant difference between the Perceptive Condition and each of the others, but no difference between the Inference and Memory Conditions. These results indicated that in the remembering processes there is no loss of information as a function of age. From the small variability in the power function exponents for the three ages, we may assume that age could be related to amount of education of the observers, which suggests study is important.

Os usos da mídia em aulas de Educação Física escolar: possibilidades e dificuldades

The media through images, sounds and information influences the way students interpret reality. This way, there is the need for the school to reflect on these issues and create teaching strategies to take advantage of this apparatus. The objective of this research was to analyze some possibilities of a proposal that addressed the content body culture through reports published by the newspaper Folha de São Paulo in Physical Education classes. The data indicated the media as a good teaching resource for classes of this course, since the students considered enriching classes for learning.

Importancia da Geologia na formacao cientifica dos estudantes de Primeiro e Segundo Graus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Topical Calendula officinalis L. successfully treated exfoliative cheilitis: A case report

Authors describe a case of recurrent exfoliative cheilitis that responded to treatment with a standardized topical preparation of Calendula officinalis L. An eighteen-year-old man was referred to UNESP - São Paulo State University, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School to investigate a chronic dry scaling lesion on his lips. The patient's main chief was aesthetic compromising. Corticoid therapy was suspended and Calendula officinalis ointment 10% for ad libitum use has been prescribed. The results presented allow the authors to consider Calendula officinalis L. as a potential therapy in cases of cheilitis exfoliative. © 2009 Roveroni-Favaretto et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Educação inclusiva: Análise e intervenção em uma sala de recursos

This paper is based on the Support Paradigm, which establishes the principles to the inclusive education, which indicates educational adjustments participating in the regular school to all students. This study aimed to analyze a special classroom working arrangements and to describe an intervention implemented having a special classroom teacher as participant. Data collection comprised the following phases: (a) special classroom description; (b) analysis of the teacher's teaching plan; (c) application of survey and discussion comprising theory and practice on inclusive education; (d) curricular adaptation fulfilling. Data analysis comprised: special classroom characterization, survey analysis, comparative analysis of curricular adaptation. As results, the study shows divergences between public educational policies and school reality. The intervention provided the teacher with a reflection about her on-work performance based on new teaching procedures.

A aprendizagem matemática em uma posição de fronteira: Foregrounds e intencionalidade de estudantes de uma favela brasileira

In a large metropolis, students from different neighbourhoods can experience very different life opportunities. This can influence their attitude towards schooling and learning, including the learning of mathematics. We interviewed a group of six students from a favela in a large city in the interior of the state of São Paulo in Brazil. We invited the students to look into their future and explore whether or not there could be learning motives that linked mathematics in school to possible out-of-school practices, either in terms of possible future jobs or further studies. We identified some themes in the students' descriptions of their experiences. The first theme is discrimination. The students feel discriminated against due to the fact that they come from a poor neighbourhood. They fear being trapped in some stereotypes. The second theme is escape. There is a strong motivation to begin a new life away from the favela. A third theme concerns the obscurity of mathematics. It seems clear to everybody that education is relevant to ensure a change in life. However, the mathematics lessons do not provide any clues regarding how mathematics might function is this respect. The fourth theme is uncertainty with respect to the future. The students could easily formulate almost unattainable aspirations, while reality might impose some very heavy limitations. In this article we introduce a theoretical framework for discussing the relation between favela students' life conditions in relation to their educational experiences and opportunities. Students' intentions for learning are related to their foregrounds, that is, how they perceive their future possibilities, as made evident to them by their social environment. Students in a favela could experience what we call a borderland position, a relational space where individuals meet their social environment and come to terms with the multiple choices that cultural and economic diversity make available to them.

Illegal hunting cases detected with molecular forensics in Brazil

Background: Illegal hunting is one of the major threats to vertebrate populations in tropical regions. This unsustainable practice has serious consequences not only for the target populations, but also for the dynamics and structure of tropical ecosystems. Generally, in cases of suspected illegal hunting, the only evidence available is pieces of meat, skin or bone. In these cases, species identification can only be reliably determined using molecular technologies. Here, we reported an investigative study of three cases of suspected wildlife poaching in which molecular biology techniques were employed to identify the hunted species from remains of meat.Findings: By applying cytochrome b (cyt-b) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) molecular markers, the suspected illegal poaching was confirmed by the identification of three wild species, capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), Chaco Chachalaca (Ortalis canicollis) and Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus). In Brazil, hunting is a criminal offense, and based on this evidence, the defendants were found guilty and punished with fines; they may still be sentenced to prison for a period of 6 to 12 months.Conclusions: The genetic analysis used in this investigative study was suitable to diagnose the species killed and solve these criminal investigations. Molecular forensic techniques can therefore provide an important tool that enables local law enforcement agencies to apprehend illegal poachers. © 2012 Sanches et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Arte, vida e formação de professores

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Aspectos ergonômicos, sintomas músculo-esqueléticos e nível de atividade física em usuários de LAN house

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A prática dos professores em relação à leitura e à escrita com alunos que ingressam aos seis anos de idade no ensino fundamental

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

O atendimento público e privado concenssionário na educação infantil: um olhar sobre as condições de oferta

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Trilhando percursos e construindo caminhos: possíveis relações entre Terapia ocupacional e Educação

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC