Digestibilidade de Duas Fontes de Amido e Atividade Enzimática em Coelhos de 35 e 45 Dias de Idade

Os experimentos foram conduzidos para avaliar a digestibilidade ileal (CDILEAL) e total (CDTOTAL) do amido e a atividade das enzimas amilase (ATAM) e maltase (ATMAL) em coelhos de 35 e 45 dias alimentados com amido proveniente do milho ou da raspa de mandioca. em cada ensaio foram utilizados 20 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, sendo dez machos e dez fêmeas, alojados individualmente em gaiolas de arame e distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Ao final do período experimental, os animais foram abatidos para retirada de uma amostra do conteúdo digestivo de uma porção do jejuno e do íleo. Os CDILEAL e CDTOTAL do amido da raspa de mandioca (59,25±1,38% e 99,89±0,04%, respectivamente) foram superiores ao do milho (54,21±1,51% e 99,21±0,05%, respectivamente). O CDTOTAL dos animais com 45 dias de idade foi superior ao dos com 35 dias (99,75±0,04% vs 99,35±0,05%). A ATAM, no conteúdo do jejuno e do íleo, foi maior nos animais com 45 dias (0,952±0,118 mmol de glicose/mg/min e 0,647±0,093 mmol de glicose/mg/min, respectivamente) do que nos de 35 (0,469±0,111 mmol de glicose/mg/min e 0,375±0,088 mmol de glicose/mg/min, respectivamente). A ATMAL foi maior nos animais alimentados com raspa de mandioca do que nos que receberam milho (0,061±0,007 mmol de glicose/mg/min vs 0,032±0,007 mmol de glicose/mg/min). Conclui-se que o amido da raspa de mandioca é mais digestível que o do milho, e o sistema enzimático dos coelhos com 35 dias de idade ainda não está suficientemente desenvolvido para que ocorra otimização da digestão do amido.

A first case of protease codon 35 amino acid insertion in a HIV-1 subtype B sequence detected in the Bauru region, state of São Paulo, Brazil: case report

Inserções de aminoácidos na protease têm sido raramente descritas em pacientes infectados pelo HIV. Uma destas inserções foi, recentemente, descrita no codon 35, embora seu impacto na resistência mantém-se pouco conhecido. Este trabalho apresenta um caso de uma variante viral com inserção no codon 35 da protease, descrita pela primeira vez em Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil, circulante em um homem, caucasiano, com 38 anos, o qual apresenta infecção assintomática pelo HIV desde 1997. A variante isolada mostrou uma inserção no codon 35 da protease de dois aminoácidos: uma treonina e um ácido aspártico, resultando na sequência de aminoácidos E35E_TD.

Cytotoxic effect of a 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel on odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells

Objective. This study evaluated transenamel and transdentinal cytotoxic effects of a bleaching gel on the MDPC-23 cell line.Study design. Discs obtained from bovine incisors were placed in a metallic device to simulate an in vivo pulp chamber. Groups were formed according to the enamel surface treatment: G1: 35% H(2)O(2) bleaching gel; G2: 35% H2O2 bleaching gel + halogen light; G3: halogen light; and G4: control. Cell metabolism was evaluated by the methyltetrazolium assay and cell morphology by scanning electron microscopy.Results. Cell metabolism decreased by 31.7%, 41.6%, and 11.5% in G1, G2, and G3, respectively. Cytotoxic effects observed in G2 were significantly more severe compared with G3 and G4. In G1 and G2, a smaller number of viable cells with major morphologic alterations remained adhered to dentin.Conclusion. The bleaching gel associated with light presented transenamel and transdentinal cytotoxic effects characterised by direct damage to odontoblasts and decrease of their metabolic activity. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009; 108: 458-464)

Trans-enamel and trans-dentinal cytotoxic effects of a 35% H2O2 bleaching gel on cultured odontoblast cell lines after consecutive applications

To evaluate the trans-enamel and trans-dentinal cytotoxic effects of a 35% H2O2 bleaching gel on an odontoblast-like cell lines (MDPC-23) after consecutive applications.Fifteen enamel/dentine discs were obtained from bovine central incisor teeth and placed individually in artificial pulp chambers. Three groups (n = 5 discs) were formed according to the following enamel treatments: G1: 35% H2O2 bleaching gel (15 min); G2: 35% H2O2 bleaching gel (15 min) + halogen light (20 s); G3: control (no treatment). After repeating the treatments three consecutive times, the extracts (culture medium + gel components that had diffused through enamel/dentine discs) in contact with the dentine were collected and applied to previously cultured MDPC-23 cells (50 000 cells cm(-2)) for 24 h. Cell metabolism was evaluated by the MTT assay and data were analysed statistically (alpha = 5%; Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test). Cell morphology was analysed by scanning electron microscopy.Cell metabolism decreased by 92.03% and 82.47% in G1 and G2 respectively. G1 and G2 differed significantly (P < 0.05) from G3. Regardless of halogen light activation, the application of the bleaching gel on the cultured odontoblast-like cells caused significantly more severe cytotoxic effects than those observed in the nontreated control group. In addition, significant morphological cell alterations were observed in G1 and G2.After three consecutive applications of a 35% H2O2 bleaching agent, the diffusion of the gel components through enamel and dentine caused severe toxic effects to cultured pulp cells.

Cytogenetics studies in Brazilian species of Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): 2n(♂)=35 and fn=35 the probable basic and ancestral karyotype of the family tettigoniidae

The karyotypes of five species of Brazilian Pseudophyllinae belonging to four tribes were here studied. The data available in the literature altogether with those obtained with species in here studied allowed us to infer that 2n(♂)=35 is the highest chromosome number found in the family Tettigoniidae and that it is present in species belonging to Pseudophyllinae, Zaprochilinae and in one species of Tettigoniinae. In spite of that all five species exhibit secondary karyotypes arisen surely by a mechanism of chromosomal rearrangement of centric fusion, tandem fusion and centric inversion types from those with 2n(♂)=35 and FN=35, they share some common traits. The X chromosome is submetacentric (FN=36), heteropicnotic during the first prophase, the largest of the set but its size is rather variable among the species and the sex chromosomal mechanism is of the XO( ♂ ), XX( ♀ ) type. The chromosomal rearrangements involved in the karyotype evolution of the Pseudophyllinae and its relationship with those of the family Tettigoniidae are discussed and we propose that the basic and the ancestral karyotype of the Tettigoniidae is formed by 2n(♂)=35, FN=35 and not by 2n(♂)=31, FN= 31, as usually accepted.

Proteomic Characterization of the Hyaluronidase (EC 3.2.1.35) from the Venom of the Social Wasp Polybia paulista

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influence of chemical activation of a 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel on its penetration and efficacy-In vitro study

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Structural and magnetic characterization of MnxZn1-xFe2O4 (x=0.2; 0.35; 0.65; 0.8; 1.0) ferrites obtained by the citrate precursor method

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Função pulmonar na evolução de 35 doentes com paracoccidioidomicose

Lesões pulmonares observadas na paracoccidioidomicose (pbmicose) pela radiologia foram designadas: leve, moderada e grave de acordo com critério estabelecido pelos autores. Lesões infiltrativas intersticiais bilaterais nddulo fibrolineares e cotonosas foram identificadas respectivamente em 34 e em 23 doentes. Formas leve, moderada e grave assinaladas respectivamente em 6 10 e 19 mostraram à análise radiológica evolutiva melhora em 2, piora em 15 e manutenção do padrão da lesão em 18 doentes. Testes de função pulmonar realizados nos doentes durante o retorno ambulatorial evidenciaram: 12 com padrão espirográfico normal, 20 obstrutivos e 3 mistos; 34 doentes estavam hiperventilando e todos apresentaram aumento da diferença alvéolo arterial. Os resultados obtidos permitiram supor que a fibrose residual descrita nos padrões radiológicos; manutenção e piora de 33 deles aliada à doença obstrutiva crônica verificada pelas provas de função pulmonar constituíram subsídios para o desenvolvimento do Cor pulmonale assinalado

Experiência da gravidez após os 35 anos de mulheres com baixa renda

Objetivou-se apreender as representações sociais sobre gravidez após os 35 anos a partir de mulheres com baixa renda que vivenciaram essa experiência. A abordagem qualitativa foi empregada com base na Teoria das Representações Sociais. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 25 gestantes usuárias de um serviço público de referência do interior paulista. Os dados foram sistematizados pela técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Verificou-se que a opção pela gravidez tardia se atrela ao desejo da mulher de consolidar suas relações em novas uniões conjugais, à estabilidade financeira e à maturidade do casal. As mulheres representam esta experiência como positiva, se houver planejamento prévio, envolvimento do companheiro e se for bem aceita pela família, após sua constatação. Sem a satisfação destas condições, as representações revestem-se de sentimentos negativos ligados a dor, sofrimento e morte. As conclusões deste estudo enfatizam a importância de os serviços públicos de saúde considerarem estes aspectos.

Synthesis and characterization of PLZT (9/65/35) by the Pechini method and partial oxalate

ZrTiO4 (ZT), obtained by the Pechini method, was used as precursor for obtaining PLZT (lead lanthanum zirconium titanate). An aqueous solution of oxalic acid was prepared with particles of ZT, Pb(NO3)(2) and La2O3. After the PbC2O4 and La2O3 precipitate on ZT particles, the materials were calcined and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the cubic phase of PLZT. This material was sintered, in two steps, and a density of about 8.0 g/cm(3) was obtained. After the second sintering the XRD pattern showed the occurrence of tetragonal and rhombohedral phases. This was caused by a stoichiometric deviation and the material showed a high optical transparency. (C) 1998 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Structural characterization of organometallic-derived 9.5/65/35 PLZT ceramics

This study consisted of an investigation of the influence of powder preparation on the phase and chemical compositions and microstructure of 9.5/65/35 PLZT materials sintered in an oxygen atmosphere. The powders with the formula Pb0.905La0.095(Zr0.65Ti0.35)(0.976)O-3+3.5 wt.% PbO were prepared by the polymeric organometallic precursor method (the Pechini method and the partial oxalate procedure). Phase composition was determined by X-ray diffraction of powder and EDS analysis, while grain size was determined based on the micrograph obtained from SEM. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Sintering and characterization of PLZT (9/65/35)

PLZT(9/65/35) obtained by association between the Pechini method (ZT) and partial oxalate (PLZT) was prepared. The stoichiometric phase and monophasic (cubic) PLZT obtained by calcination did not occur after sintering. The sintering process, by using two stages, caused a liquid phase formation due to a PbO excess (5 and 10 wt%). Samples with high density (similar to 8 g/cm(3)) and optical transparency(similar to 12%) were obtained. However, an equilibrium between the excess of PbO of sample/atmosphere PbO leads to a segregated PbO phase on the boundaries of the microstructure. A diffusion of Zr, Ti and La ions from PLZT to PbO phase promoted a stoichiometric deviation of the matrix and modified the optical and dielectric characteristics. (C) 2000 Elsevier B.V. Ltd and Techna S.r.l. All rights reserved.

Synthesis and characterization of 9.5/65/35 PLZT prepared from the polymeric precursors

The 9.5/65/35 PLZT was prepared from the polymeric precursors (the Pechini and partial oxalate process) and by sintering in two stages in an oxygen atmosphere. After thermal treatment at 400 degreesC, the powders were calcinated and sintered at 1200 degreesC with slow heating and cooling rates. The second stage of sintering consisted of hot pressing at the same temperature in oxygen atmosphere. After calcination of PLZT powders obtained by both methods, as well as after sintering of PLZT obtained by Pechini process, the paraelectric cubic phase was formed. After sintering of PLZT obtained by partial oxalate procedure, small tetragonality of crystal structure was observed. After hot pressing PLZT was pseudocubic. SEM microstructural analyses were carried out of the sintering and hot pressed samples and indicated the small grain size less than 2 mum. (C) 2001 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Hot-pressed 9.5/65/35 PLZT prepared by the polymeric precursor method

A 9.5/65/35 PLZT ceramic with a Pb-0.905 La-0.095 (Zr-0.65 Ti-0.35)(0.976) O-3 + 35 w% PbO formula was prepared using the Pechini method for powder preparation and two-step sintering in an oxygen atmosphere. Thr first step consisted of sintering at 1200 degrees C for 4 h with slow heating and cooling rates. The second step consisted of hot pressing at 1200 degrees C for 3 h, with slow heating and cooling rates and pressing pressures of 20 MPa (initial pressure) and 40 MPa (at sintering temperature). Investigations were made of the powder phase formation and powder morphology, i.e. The structure of sintered and hot-pressed PLZT ceramics. SEM microstructural analyses were carried out on the sintering and hot-pressing processes. (C) 2000 Elsevier B.V. Ltd and Techna S.r.l. All rights reserved.