Cutaneous hypersensitivity induced in rabbits by extracts of the tick Amblyomma cajennense (Acari : Ixodidae)

The cutaneous hypersensitivity test was used to correlate host resistance to ticks and type of reactions elicited by Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) tick extract in rabbits. Rabbits were divided into 3 groups of 2 animals each: naive, pre-infested and control. Cutaneous hypersensitivity was induced by intradermal inoculation of 25 mug extract in 0.03 rut of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) in rabbit ears. Control rabbits were inoculated with PBS only. The ear thickness was measured with a Mitutoyo(R) device before and 10 min, 1, 2,4,18, 24,48,72 and 96 h post-inoculation (PI). Pre-infested rabbits showed an immediate type reaction within the 1st 10 min PI (60 % increase in ear thickness) and a delayed reaction (18 h) (85 % increase), whereas the naive rabbits showed only the immediate reaction within the 1st 4 h (60 % increase). PBS induced only mild reactions. These results point out the crucial role of the cellular immune response of rabbits in the expression of resistance to A. cajennense.

Cross-reactivity between antigens from Amblyomma cajennense and A-hebraeum (Acari : Ixodidae)

Laboratory animals exposed to feeding ticks develop resistance which is reflected by a decline in tick engorgement weight, egg-laying by adults and reduced egg viability. Serum antibodies from these hosts and their reaction with tick antigens have been detected by different methods, including precipitation techniques, immunofluorescent techniques, ELISA and Western blots. However, little is known about the effects of antibodies on ticks that engorge on resistant hosts, or which tissues of the tick body are possibly immunogenic. Some researchers, using immunohistochemistry, have detected host antibodies in the gut, salivary glands and haemolymph of ticks engorged on resistant animals. The same technique has helped considerably in determining antigenic sites or antibody targets in other arthropods. Consequently, immunohistochemistry techniques were used in this study to detect cross-reactivity between sera raised against Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) with Amblyomma hebraeum (Koch, 1844), and vice versa. The results show the existence of shared antigens between the 2 tick species. In general, our results point more to a 1-way cross-reactivity of A. hebraeum with A. cajennense than a reciprocal cross-reactivity, suggesting that A. hebraeum is more immunogenic than A. cajennense.

Lower Permian stems as fluvial paleocurrent indicators of the Parnaíba Basin, northern Brazil

A comprehensive biostratinomic study was carried out with abundant stems from the Lower Permian Motuca Formation of the intracratonic Parnaíba Basin, central-north Brazil. The fossils represent a rare tropical to subtropical paleofloristic record in north Gondwana. Tree ferns dominate the assemblages (mainly Tietea, secondarily Psaronius), followed by gymnosperms, sphenophytes, other ferns and rare lycophytes. They are silica-permineralized, commonly reach 4 m length (exceptionally more than 10 m), lie loosely on the ground or are embedded in the original sandstone or siltstone matrix, and attract particular attention because of their frequent parallel attitudes. Many tree fern stems present the original straight cylindrical to slightly conical forms, other are somewhat flattened, and the gymnosperm stems are usually more irregular. Measurements of stem orientations and dimensions were made in three sites approximately aligned in a W-E direction in a distance of 27.3 km at the conservation unit Tocantins Fossil Trees Natural Monument In the eastern site, rose diagrams for 54 stems indicate a relatively narrow azimuthal range to SE. These stems commonly present attached basal bulbous root mantles and thin cylindrical sandstone envelopes, which sometimes hold, almost adjacent to the lateral stem surface, permineralized fern pinnae and other small plant fragments. In the more central site, 82 measured stems are preferentially oriented in the SW-NE direction, the proportion of gymnosperms is higher and cross-stratification sets of sandstones indicate paleocurrents mainly to NE and secondarily to SE. In the western site, most of the 42 measured stems lie in E-W positions. The predominantly sandy succession, where the fossil stems are best represented, evidences a braided fluvial system under semiarid conditions. The low plant diversity, some xeromorphic features and the supposedly almost syndepositional silica impregnation of the plants are coherent with marked dry seasons. Thick mudstones and some coquinites below and above the sandy interval may represent lacustrine facies formed in probably more humid conditions. The taphonomic history of the preserved plants began with exceptional storms that caused fast-flowing high water in channels and far into the floodplains. In the eastern site region, many tree ferns only fell, thus sometimes covering and protecting plant litter and leaves from further fragmentation. Assemblages of the central and western sites suggest that the trees were uprooted and transported in suspension (floating) parallel to the flow. Heavier ends of stems (according to their form or because of attached basal bulbous root mantle or large apical fronds) were oriented to upstream because of inertial forces. During falling water stage, the stems were stranded on riverbanks, usually maintaining the previous transport orientation, and were slightly buried. The perpendicular or oblique positions of some stems may have been caused by interference with other stems or shallow bars. Rare observed stems were apparently waterlogged before the final depositional process and transported as bedload. The differences of interpreted channel orientations between the three sites are expected in a braided fluvial system, considering the very low gradients of the basin and the work scale in the order of tens of kilometers. The mean direction of the drainage probably was to east and the flows apparently became weaker downstream. This study seems to provide reliable data for paleocurrent interpretations, especially considering areas with scarce preserved sedimentary structures. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

O olhar do fotógrafo Luiz Fontana: documentação de ouro preto (1930-1960) - fotografia e arte pública : um estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

A Rotunda no município de Lins: para além da materialidade, memórias e significados

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Estudo das formas verbais do pretérito perfeito do modo indicativo nas Cantigas de Santa Maria

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo de marattiales da Floresta Petrificada do Tocantins Setentrional (Permiano, Bacia do Parnaíba)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Paleoecologia e tafonomia da floresta petrificada do Tocantins setentrional (Bacia do Parnaíba, Permiano)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Jardim América: de projeto urbano a monumento patrimonial (1915-1986)

Pós-graduação em História - FCLAS

Novas territorialidades para o turismo em Fortaleza (CE): as potencialidades do Cemitério São João Batista visto como um espaço sagrado

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Mapeamento da ilha da Trindade, Atlântico Sul

The area chosen for this study is the island of Trinidade, which is located 1167 km off the Brazilian coast, in parallel Victory at 20 ° 30'S and 29 º 19'W, being the most easterly point of our continent. The isolation of oceanic island of Trinidade leaves no noticeable that she is part of a large submarine volcanic chain oriented east-west lineament known as Vitória- Trindade. Along with the island of Martin Vaz, who is Federal Territory is administered by the Navy of Brazil. Both correspond to Source alkaline volcanic islands. The area of the island of Trinidad has approximately 10 km2. Geologically consisting ankaratritic spills, spills tannbuschiticos, volcanic tuff spills analcite-ankaratrite, phonolite spills, spills nefelinite, pyroclastics, spills grazinite, tinguaitos, olivine-analcitito, calcarenite dunes and wind according to Almeida (1961). The island has its base on the ocean floor, at 5,800 m depth. It is the only place still recognizes preserved volcanic necks and plugs, as well as remnants of a volcano in Brazil. Magmatism occurred here a sodium alkali-silica subsaturated where his wrist was last 50,000 years according to Almeida (1961). It is a place with restricted access due to their distance from the coast, his contribution and hard to be an exclusive area of the Navy. On the island with peaks occur up to 620 meters high, and its rugged mountainous terrain and difficult access to very specific points, as the peak of Desire, peak Fazendinha, Monument and other points on the island. Because of its location far from the coast, its small infrastructure, difficulty of landing and restricted access by sea, the island of Trinidad offers no possibility of tourism, being a military outpost, and scientific basis of great importance, which conduct research in area of marine biology, oceanography, geology and others

Jardim Botânico em Paranapiacaba

A vida nas grandes cidades distancia cada vez mais o ser humano e a natureza, e a necessidade de parques e áreas verdes dentro das grandes zonas urbanas nunca foi tão evidente. Nesse cenário, o papel dos jardins botânicos deixa de ser meramente científico, para assumir também um lado mais voltado à educação ambiental. Vários exemplos espalhados pelo mundo, inclusive no Brasil, confirmam esta afirmação. A proposta de um Jardim Botânico para Paranapiacaba, famosa pela frequente neblina, se deve ao fato de ser ela uma vila histórica, cravada no que ainda resta da Mata Atlântica, em São Paulo. Seu conjunto arquitetônico de edificações em estilo inglês – no qual se destacam a reconstituição da estação ferroviária, utilizada atualmente para o turismo ferroviário, bem como seu original relógio londrino – e o entroncamento ferroviário são dos mais significativos exemplos da arquitetura e da engenharia ferroviária inglesa dos fins do século XIX. Por isso, Imagem 1 – O relógio Johnnie Walker Benson foi construído em Londres no século 19 e é o símbolo da Vila de Paranapiacaba Foto: Henrique Granado, disponível em: http://www.panoramio.com/photo/24325448 Jardim Botânico em Paranapiacaba 7 em 1987, a vila foi tombada pelo Patrimônio Estadual (CONDEPHAAT); em 2000, pelo World Monument Fund, como Tesouro Cultural Mundial; em 2002, pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional – IPHAN e, em 2003, pelo Patrimônio Municipal (COMDEPHAAPASA). Apesar de o local carecer de investimentos em uma série de segmentos, é viável um projeto que alie a preservação da mata nativa com o turismo ecológico crescente na região. Assim, um Jardim Botânico em Paranapiacaba é um projeto viável e o objetivo deste trabalho

O Projeto Logos II em Rondônia: a implantação do projeto-piloto e as mudanças em sua organização político-pedagógica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)