25 resultados para Informal employment

em Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"


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O objetivo do texto é expor os elementos da nova morfologia do trabalho organizado no Brasil no contexto sóciohistórico da reorganização do capitalismo. Para isso, são apresentados alguns indicadores do mercado de trabalho nas duas últimas décadas, enfatizando-se as principais características do processo de precarização do trabalho vivenciado no país. Se na década de 1990 o crescente desemprego e a informalização das relações de emprego foram a tônica do mundo do trabalho no Brasil, na década de 2000, principalmente a partir de 2003, é a natureza flexível do emprego e da organização do trabalho que se torna a tendência dominante, potencializada pelo cenário de expansão da economia capitalista.

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Este artigo deriva de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre a educação em astronomia e a formação de professores, e apresenta um panorama geral sobre o tema em âmbito nacional. Procuramos gerar uma classificação das instituições e outras iniciativas brasileiras dedicadas à astronomia, levando em conta os seus objetivos, tais como o ensino formal, informal, não-formal, bem como aqueles destinados à popularização dessa ciência. Comenta-se, em forma de um breve ensaio, a importância da atuação contextualizada destas instâncias no ensino da astronomia, levantando um desafio ainda a ser considerado, referente ao estudo das possíveis relações entre estes estabelecimentos e iniciativas, visando o avanço da educação em astronomia, em um movimento contrário à dispersão e pulverização de atividades locais e pontuais dos mesmos. Argumentamos que a pesquisa em ensino de astronomia tem potencial para exercer este papel integrador.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Thin uranium films built on muscovite mica basis and obsidian samples having known ages were irradiated with thermal neutrons at the IPEN/CNEN reactor, São Paulo. Comparing thin film performance with the obsidian one, it was observed that the latter feel a greater neutron fluence. Nominal fluences at the used facility are in agreement with the results obtained analysing the obsidian samples. A probable hypothesis to explain this disagreement, namely, the uranium loss from the thin films, was ruled out. © 1995.

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AC Biosusceptometry (ACB) was previously employed towards recording gastrointestinal motility. Our data show a reliable and successful evaluation of gastrointestinal transit of liquid and solid meals in rats, considering the methods scarcity and number of experiments needed to endorsement of drugs and medicinal plants. ACB permits real time and simultaneous experiments using the same animal, preserving the physiological conditions employing both meals with simplicity and accuracy. © 2012 Quini et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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Background: Mycobacterium spp. is one of the most important species of zoonotic pathogens that can be transmitted from cattle to humans. The presence of these opportunistic, pathogenic bacteria in bovine milk has emerged as a public-health concern, especially among individuals who consume raw milk and related dairy products. To address this concern, the Brazilian control and eradication program focusing on bovine tuberculosis, was established in 2001. However, bovine tuberculosis continues to afflict approximately 1,3 percent of the cattle in Brazil. In the present study, 300 samples of milk from bovine herds, obtained from both individual and collective bulk tanks and informal points of sale, were cultured on Löwenstein-Jensen and Stonebrink media. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based tests and restriction-enzyme pattern analysis were then performed on the colonies exhibiting phenotypes suggestive of Mycobacterium spp., which were characterized as acid-fast bacilli.Results: Of the 300 bovine milk samples that were processed, 24 were positively identified as Mycobacterium spp.Molecular identification detected 15 unique mycobacterial species: Mycobacterium bovis, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, M. intracellulare, M. flavescens, M. duvalii, M. haemophilum, M. immunogenum, M. lentiflavum, M. mucogenicum, M. novocastrense, M. parafortuitum, M. smegmatis, M. terrae and M. vaccae. The isolation of bacteria from the various locations occurred in the following proportions: 9 percent of the individual bulk-tank samples, 7 percent of the collective bulk-tank samples and 8 percent of the informal-trade samples. No statistically significant difference was observed between the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in the three types of samples collected, the milk production profiles, the presence of veterinary assistance and the reported concerns about bovine tuberculosis prevention in the herds.Conclusion: The microbiological cultures associated with PCR-based identification tests are possible tools for the investigation of the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk samples. Using these methods, we found that the Brazilian population may be regularly exposed to mycobacteria by consuming raw bovine milk and related dairy products. These evidences reinforces the need to optimize quality programs of dairy products, to intensify the sanitary inspection of these products and the necessity of further studies on the presence of Mycobacterium spp. in milk and milk-based products. © 2013 Franco et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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This paper presents a usability evaluation of the MTE (Ministry of Labor e Employment) website in order to measure the effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction regarding the website. The participants were 12 users (07 users were female and 05 male). The results indicate that although the education level of all participants and computing experience, many of them have had difficulty in finding information and do not recommend the site. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC