Archivos y bibliotecas: memoria histórica y educación literaria

Este artículo, como su título indica, trata de presentar la importancia de la revitalización de las bibliotecas y archivos (en su génesis, el origen y la conservación) como fuentes para la investigación literaria e histórica, sobre todo, en ellos, la contribución de la lectura y sitemas de literatura educativa para la formación de lectores, si es posible, 'cervantinos', ya que el desarrollo intelectual de los estudiantes en la adquisición y perfeccionamiento de las capacidades de expresión y comprensión y en la organización del pensamiento son puntos obligados de cualquier programa de Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura.adquisición. Si esudiantes debén aprender a leer el valor y la literatura, así como la forma conocer cómo las tecnologías de la información están modificando la gestión de los archivos y la relación de los usuarios con los mismos, así como las ventajas que la gestión electrónica nos está aportando, es necesario pensar en los círculos educativos para ello.Así que, finalmente, presenta un ejemplo de la unidad didáctica sobre los archivos y las bibliotecas de sus objetivos, contenidos y actividades.

Morphometric and morphological analysis of neuromuscular junction alterations in the denervated rat diaphragm

The morphological and structural alterations that occur in the neuromuscular junctions of the denervated rat diaphragm were studied. Fifteen adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged about 60 days and with a mean weight of 200 g were used. Chronically denervated diaphragms were obtained and the animals were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of denervation. The left antimere of the diaphragm was denervated by section of the phrenic nerve and the right antimere was used as control. Each antimere was divided into three fragments: one was used for histochemical (nonspecific esterase) and morphometric study of neuromuscular junctions, and the other two were used for transmission and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Histochemical analysis of the diaphragm neuromuscular junctions after denervation showed only small changes in junction morphology. However, these junctions became smaller and elongated and presented less visible contours with increasing time of denervation. Ultrastructural analysis of neuromuscular junctions after 12 weeks showed more or less organized junctional folds on the muscle fiber surface. The junctional cytoplasm exhibited important alterations such as mitochondrial degeneration and the presence of numerous filaments. SEM revealed the presence of deep primary synaptic grooves with peripheral excavations which housed the nerve terminal boutons and exhibited internally the secondary synaptic clefts present among the junctional folds of the sarcolemma. This study showed that some of the morphological changes demonstrated in other denervated striated skeletal muscles are not repeated at the same intensity or in the same temporal pattern in the rat diaphragm.

Avaliação das áreas de conflito de uso em APP da microbacia do alto água fria, Bofete (SP)

The misuse of land by man and is causing serious problems to the environment, resulting in ecological imbalance and depletion of natural resources, especially when it comes to areas of permanent preservation, that ecosystems are essential for balance and water conservation importance . Conflicts of land use is a major cause of silting of rivers and water bodies, causing significant losses in soil and decaying natural water resources both in quantity and in quality. Within this scenario, the planning becomes essential for the control of environmental impacts to the environment factor. This study aimed to evaluate land use conflicts in permanent preservation areas of the stream Água Fria watershed, Bofete (SP) using Geographic Information System and satellite image of LANDSAT - 5 of 2010, scale 1:50000. The results show that 51.16% of the permanent preservation areas of the watershed are conflicting, especially for pasture (88.94%) and reforestation with eucalyptus (11.06%). The GIS IDRISI Selva and Cartalinx along with GIS techniques demonstrated speed and efficiency in identifying, measuring and editing maps of land use, preservation and ongoing conflicts in areas of permanent preservation.