Auto-organização e autonomia em Hegel: uma abordagem a partir das linhas fundamentais da filosofia do direito

The German philosopher G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) had as one of his thesis in the doctorate the affirmation that philosophy can only be properly taken as a system. He intends with that to point out the identity between thinking and being. This is, for Hegel, the task of philosophy, i. e., to bring together all that was set apart. This position can be recognized in all his works and it is tried here to exemplify it in The Philosophy of Right and in special in the section dedicated to the abstract right. This one is the first moment of the text in question that begins with the statement of the dignity of the person confirmed in the property. The following moments make evident that the formal ones are also results. It becomes clear in this way that the all the moments create together an ongoing organization, disorganization and reorganization. This process reveals the relation as a constitutive element of thinking and being exemplified in the abstract right. Each moment overcomes the preceding one and comes out as a much more complex one. In the case of the abstract right what appears is the realization of a free subject in all that he does as the making of himself.

Cotidiano e filosofia no ensino médio: mediações

O presente artigo propõe reflexões acerca de possíveis relações a serem estabelecidas entre o cotidiano vivido por alunos e professores do Ensino Médio e o processo de filosofar a ser ensejado pela disciplina de Filosofia. Tem como pressuposto que alunos e professores, imersos que estão na vida cotidiana, tanto poderão sentir-se provocados a discutir questões importantes postas pelos âmbitos do cotidiano e da Filosofia, quanto poderão permanecer indiferentes a elas. A questão central remete à possibilidade de instigar um diálogo filosófico significativo, por meio do ensino de Filosofia. Elucidados prioritariamente pelo campo filosófico (Heller e Gramsci), os âmbitos do cotidiano e da Filosofia sugerem discussões filosóficas relevantes: concepções de vida cotidiana, de Filosofia e de suas possibilidades de inter-relação. A aproximação entre a vida cotidiana e a Filosofia coloca não somente um problema filosófico, mas também um problema pedagógico. qual o papel da escola, do professor e da própria Filosofia, no processo ensino e aprendizagem? Tem-se como hipótese que, para se utilizar o cotidiano como ponto de partida da reflexão filosófica, é indispensável compreender o significado filosófico de cotidiano e de não-cotidiano e o papel do professor como agente mediador entre esses âmbitos.

Acordo, reflexão e filosofia - uma análise a partir de Wittgenstein

Within the Wittgensteinian approach, the ideal of exactness, disconnected from concrete situations of language use, does not make any sense. Such an approach takes into account every and any kind of intersubjective communication, inasmuch as it is based on a previous agreement concerning the use of language and the interpretation of the world linked to it. This paper, throughout its three parts, seeks to understand this agreement, and evaluates whether or not philosophy plays a role in relation to it. To start with, the obstacles to such an agreement will be considered, namely, solipsism and private, subjective language. In the following stage, the intention is to indicate that the rupture from the subjectivist conception of language allows Wittgenstein to visualize another subject, the one incorporated by the community. From then on, the question is to verify whether reflectivity is possible in the ambit of a linguistic community or not, since the objectivity of concepts is not sought within knowledge, but within forms of life. In the third and last part, we will point to the language game metaphor correlative to the meaning emerging from the flow of life, of thought, and of culture and see how philosophy can represent a significant activity in the search for understanding that flow.

Um caso de espionagem na obra de Rousseau: o conde d'Antraigues

The count d’Antraigues, rousseauist and monarchist, became an anti-revolutionary secret agent during the French Revolution. This paper aims to prove that a girondin lecture of Rousseau approachs recent efforts to remove the hobbesianism from his thought. In other words, an anti-revolutionary conservative critic is the opposite of a present conservative critic.

Um exemplo de negação do conceito de elemento na filosofia natural

The focus of this work is to present an example of refutation of the concept of element inside the seventeenth-century scientific revolution, mainly through Robert Boyle’s The Sceptical Chymist. On the first section of this paper the notion of element as considered by the ancient Greeks in Aristotle’s Physics and modern chemists in Paracelsus will be briefly presented. After that in the second section Boyle’s deconstruction of the idea of element will be exposed considering his argumentation of why this notion is prejudicial to the study of nature. Finally, in the third section follows the constructive stage in which a new hypothesis is presented (the corpuscular hypothesis) as the best option to replace the notion of element.

Repensando o lugar da representação, da transmissão e da experiência no ensino da Filosofia

The question that we develop in this study can be proposed as follows: can knowledge be transmitted in a representational way through an explanation in such a way that the one who is learning does not have an experience itself of what he is learning? Grounded on Hume, Deleuze, Rancière and Gallo, we aim to show that only the experience with the object can promote effective learning, for violating the thought to search by itself for its meaning and for its own understanding, and not for the mere repetition of contents that have been shared and taken as important, as we have seen in schools.

O Fisicalismo revisitado pela Filosofia Ecológica: as affordances sociais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O ensino da filosofia no Brasil: um breve olhar sobre algumas das principais tendências no debate entre os anos de 1934 a 2008

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Filosofia da Educação no Brasil: concepções, impasses e desafios para a sua constituição como campo de pesquisa e o seu ensino nasduas últimas décadas

This article analyses the constitutions of the Philosophy of Education’s field in Brazil, from 1990 to the present day, with the purpose of analyzing the genealogy of his “crisis” as a discipline, discussing the dilemmas of its development and to indicate their main challenges today. For such purposes, by means of a genealogical method, we analyze the conceptions of philosophy of education drawn from the theoretical perspective, as well as rebuild historically the clashes caused about certain topics and, particularly, about the human formation. We conclude that the thematic shifts produced and the proliferation of those perspectives were responsible for producing lands to the dialogue between them, however, this strategy does not alleviate some problems of Philosophy of Education in Brazil, demonstrating the presence of two philosophical traditions in the current debate and demanding position of those who work in this field of research and teaching in relation to them.

A materailidade no caminho da efetivação do Espírito na Filosofia de Hegel

Hegel’s identification with idealism may not apprehend adequately his philosophical thinking if one takes it as a definitive and absolute determination because he is a dialectical thinker or even better speculative. In this sense the moment of materiality cannot be just put aside as a contingency but it is more the opposition through which the spirit fulfills itself. This one cannot be what it is without assuming the materiality as well as the matter cannot be effective without being overtaken in the spirit. The totality appointed by Hegel in the absolute spirit means precisely to know and to recognize one another in the other and also by the other as itself. The spirit only raises to itself insofar it assumes its opposition in matter and by being determined it determines itself but this cannot be fulfilled anywhere but in the matter. In the same way the matter cannot be effective without going beyond itself or being considered in thought, that is not as well establishing itself. If the spirit and the matter are effective insofar they are in relation with one another then the primacy of one over the other can only be understood as a result and not as a starting point. In this way the first moment must not be taken as something static but as coming to be.

A filosofia do direito no sistema filosófico hegeliano

The Hegelian philosophy is presented as a progress in relation to other philosophies and it offers to take in itself all the other demonstrations. Thereby, Hegel intends to carry out his philosophical effort towards the establishment of a philosophical system. It is a comprehension recognized and exposed by Hegel in his doctoral thesis, i.e., that philosophy only becomes possible as a system. In this sense, the treatment dispensed to each one of his works necessarily evokes a relationship with all other. An work taken in isolation gets the feeling that something else should be presented, however, every work written by Hegel also contemplates a relation with his other works. In this sense, the objective here is to considerate Hegel’s Philosophy of Law in his philosophical system seeking to explicit its specific place, as well as its transit among the works of the thinker as a whole. The Philosophy of Law finds its particular moment in the ambit of the objective spirit or during the subjective spirit’s effectuation. However, it is assumed here the perspective that the Philosophy of Law represents, as the objective spirit does, a moment of mediation as well as a there-being whereby the absolute spirit’s effectuation would happen. Furthermore, Hegel’s Philosophy represents the presentation of what he considers as extremely important in philosophy, that is precisely, the need to sublate the separation between man and the world. It is not enough for Hegel, the affirmation of the being and the thinking in itself, but it is required to confirm them in their being other that will be evinced being itself. Thus, Philosophy is given as a reconstruction or as the factual knowledge as a science ceasing to be so only love of learning. This means in other words that philosophy deals with the world, in the world and for the world being much more than a speech to the world to be the talk of the world itself. If philosophy is the owl of Minerva who always arrives late, she does it for the reasons of the other to be recognized.

O ensino de filosofia na proposta curricular do Estado de São Paulo: espaço para experiências formativas?

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Filosofia da educação : grandes problemas da pedagogia moderna, de Theobaldo Miranda Santos: um estudo sobre manuais de ensino

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

O Chile contemporâneo na historiografia política de Tomás Moulian

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS