289 resultados para trabalhadores rurais


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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The aim of this work was to proceed, from the energetic point of view, an analysis of a corn agroecosystem, on the direct planting, located at Pirituba II rural workers placement project, Área III, city of Itaberá/SP. The energetic analysis mesured all operations, together with its fisical demands, the inputs and produced grains, classifying them within their respective flux, based on the definition of energy inputs and outputs, converting them into energetic equivalents and, so, determining the energetic matrix of de agroecosystem. The caloric index used were cultural efficiency and cultural liquid energy. The results showed the dependence of the studied systems on the chemical energy sources, from fertilizers (39,49%), agrotoxics (27,74%), and fossile energy of diesel (24,94%). The energetic values of the direct and indirect energy showed a very big difference between them, what means that the energy sources used in the system are not balanced. The cultural efficiency found was 12,86 and cultural liquid energy got to 115.025,92 MJ x ha-1. Later on, obtained data was compared to already existing data in Bueno (2002), who researched conventional planting system. The cultural inputs of both systems were energeticaly different: 9.696,97 MJ x ha-1 (direct planting), e 8.783,78 MJ x ha-1 (convencional planting). The outputs had very different results: 124.722,89 e 79.118,38 MJ x ha-1, respectively. So, we had much more cultural liquid energy on the studied system: 115.025,92 MJ x ha-1, compared to convencional system: 70.334,60 MJ x ha-1. The energectic loss of nitrogened fertilizers contributed for the high energetic loss of both energetic studied matrices. There are few contribution from biological energy source in both systems.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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In the contemporary world and in the globalized farm labor market, employ temporary immigrants workforce become current in economic developed countries. With governmental support, nations as United States and Canada incite and lawful the foreign entrance for occupy jobs and functions that are not fulfilling by native born, consolidating the displacement of a cheap labor force that stays legally for a certain season in these countries. This article brings up primal subjects about a small and hidden group among farm immigrants, the herders, sheepherders and goat herders in northAmerica Rocky Mountains loneliness. Further to provide an initial theoretical instrumental for the reflections about these workers, we intend to localize them within migration theme and the conflict between capital and labor in these days, in its neoliberal context and struggle forms. For such, we used reflections about labor and migration, also different kind of documents about herders in both countries.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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In the context of the project “Development and qualification of agriculturists in the use of techniques for correction of theground in agricultural assentament”, the identification of the use of agricultural techniques becomes necessary as an important tool for decision taking, mainly in regards to the public politics of Assistance Technique and Agricultural Extension (ATER). In such a way, the present study it had for objectiveto diagnosis the use of limeand fertilization techniques in these agricultural assentamentin order to identify possible public politics ATER. Of the total of boarded families, 79.89% had answered to the questionnaire elaborated for this diagnosis. The field research was carried throughapplication of questionnaire elaborated for this study and the analysis of the results divided in profile of the beneficiaries, knowledge of techniques of ground handling and agricultural use of the areas of the Projects of Assentamentfor the beneficiaries. It was concluded that even so the great majority of the beneficiaries agricultural area and farmers to be declared diligent of this information are not in coherence with the one of knowledge of the type of ground, therefore, this type of understanding of the landscape is primordial for the taking of decision with regard to the agricultural use of the ground, moreover, the access to the knowledge and use of the techniques of limeand fertilization comes diminishing in the agricultural assentamentunder validity of II National Plan of the Agrarian Reformation, what it enters in total discord with the premises of the same. It fits here to detach the importance of public politics ATERdirected these beneficiaries of the Agrarian Reformation, mainly with regard to the ground handling.

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OBJETIVO: Verificar a qualidade higiênico-sanitária da água de consumo humano em propriedades rurais por meio da contagem de indicadores microbiológicos de potabilidade. MÉTODOS: Foram colhidas 180 amostras de água utilizada para consumo humano das fontes, reservatórios e ponto de consumo em 30 propriedades rurais, situadas na região Nordeste do Estado de São Paulo. Determinou-se o número mais provável de coliformes totais, Escherichia coli e o número de microrganismos mesófilos. Foi verificada a presença de medidas de proteção das fontes de abastecimento. RESULTADOS: Os resultados evidenciaram que 90% das amostras de água das fontes, 90% dos reservatórios e 96,7% de água de consumo humano, colhidas no período de chuvas, e 83,3%, 96,7% e 90%, daquelas colhidas respectivamente nos mesmos locais, durante a estiagem, estavam fora dos padrões microbiológicos de potabilidade para água de consumo humano. CONCLUSÕES: A água utilizada nas propriedades rurais foi considerada um importante fator de risco à saúde dos seres humanos que a utilizam. A adoção de medidas preventivas, visando à preservação das fontes de água, e o tratamento das águas já comprometidas são as ferramentas necessárias para diminuir consideravelmente o risco de ocorrência de enfermidades de veiculação hídrica.