Adubação nitrogenada e potássica no desenvolvimento de mudas de maracujazeiro

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da adubação com N e K no desenvolvimento de mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo (Passiflora edulis) cultivadas em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições, num esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com 4 doses de N (zero, 150, 300 e 600mg de N dm-3) e quatro de K (zero, 75, 150 e 300mg de K dm-3), parceladas em quatro vezes. A unidade experimental foi constituída por vasos de 3,3L. Após 84 dias da germinação, foram avaliados: altura da planta, o diâmetro do caule, o número de folhas e a área foliar. O melhor desenvolvimento das mudas de maracujazeiro ocorreu com as doses de 150mg de N dm-3 e de 300mg de K dm-3.

Limited movement of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in yellow passion flower in Brazil

Symptoms of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on yellow passion flower (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) are characterized by bright yellow mottling on leaves, starting at random points on the vine and diminishing in intensity towards the tip, which becomes symptomless as it grows. To determine whether symptomless portions of vines are CMV-free or represent latent infection, leaves with and without symptoms were collected from infected vines in the field. Biological, serological (plate-trapped antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, PTA-ELISA), Western blot and dot-blot hybridization assays showed that portions of the vines without symptoms were CMV-free. Vegetatively propagated vines with symptoms showed remission of symptoms on newly developed leaves. One year later, no CMV was detected in the upper leaves of these plants. Mechanically inoculated passion flower seedlings behaved similarly; symptoms were shown by few leaves after inoculation. Afterwards, plants became symptomless and CMV was not detected in the upper leaves or root system, 40 or 85 days after inoculation. The mechanism responsible for remission of symptoms accompanied by CMV disappearance is not known.

Desenvolvimento inicial e estado nutricional do maracujazeiro em resposta à aplicação de lodo têxtil

O processo de tratamento de efluentes líquidos da indústria têxtil gera, como resíduo, um lodo de características orgânicas com concentração significativa de sódio e potássio. Objetivou-se quantificar os efeitos da aplicação do lodo ao solo, sobre o desenvolvimento inicial do maracujazeiro, e avaliou-se o crescimento e o estado nutricional das plantas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de cinco tratamentos, que consistiram na aplicação de lodo têxtil, nas doses de 10, 15, 20 e 30 g vaso-1 (base seca), correspondentes a 10, 15, 20 e 30 t ha-1, respectivamente, além da testemunha sem aplicação do resíduo. As mudas receberam adubação básica com N, P, K, Zn e B, nas doses de 300, 450, 150, 5, e 0,5 mg dm-3, respectivamente. A unidade experimental foi constituída por vasos com 2 dm³ de amostra de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (V = 29%). Após 100 dias da semeadura, o lodo têxtil corrigiu a acidez do solo. Entretanto, em doses superiores a 10 t ha-1, promoveu a morte das plantas. O lodo têxtil aumentou os teores de N, K, S, B, Mn e Zn, diminuiu os de Ca e Mg e não alterou os de Cu e Fe da parte aérea das mudas.

Níveis críticos de boro no solo e na planta para cultivo de mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo

Objetivou-se avaliar a aplicação de boro ao substrato de produção de mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo, para o estabelecimento dos níveis críticos do B no solo e na planta. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. As doses de boro, na forma de ácido bórico, foram: 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75 e 1,0 mg de B dm-3 de solo. As mudas receberam doses de N, P, K e Zn, de 300; 450; 150 e 5 mg dm-3, respectivamente, sendo o N e o K parcelados em três vezes (15; 30 e 45 dias após o plantio). O experimento foi conduzido em condições de casa de vegetação, em vasos com 2 dm-3 de substrato de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico. Após 70 dias do plantio, foram avaliados: o diâmetro do caule, a altura da planta, o número de folhas e a matéria seca da parte aérea e das raízes, bem como os teores de macro e micronutrientes. As mudas de maracujazeiro responderam à aplicação de boro em substrato com baixa concentração (0,06 mg dm-3), extraído com água quente. O maior desenvolvimento das plantas esteve associado à dose próxima de 0,5 mg de B dm-3 e à concentração de 0,4 mg de B dm-3 no substrato e um teor de 22 mg de B kg-1 na parte aérea.

Thermal properties of passion fruit juice as affected by temperature and water content

The specific heat, thermal conductivity and density of passion fruit juice were experimentally determined from 0.506 to 0.902 (wet basis) water content and temperatures from 0.4 to 68.8C. The experimental results were compared with existing and widely used models for the thermal properties. In addition, based on empiric equations from literature, new simple models were parameterized with a subset of the total experimental data. The specific heat and thermal conductivity showed linear dependency on water content and temperature, while the density was nonlinearly related to water content. The generalized predictive models were considerably good for this product but the empiric, product-specific models developed in the present work yield better predictions. Even though the existing models showed a moderate accuracy, the new simple ones would be preferred, because they constitute an easier and direct way of evaluating the thermal properties of passion fruit juice, requiring no information about the chemical composition of the product, and a reduced time of the estimation procedure, as the new empiric models are described in terms of only two physical parameters, the water content and the temperature. © Copyright 2005, Blackwell Publishing All Rights Reserved.

The use of the carbon-13 in the partitioning of photosynthate in vegetative and reproductive twigs of 'Sweet' passion fruit

This study's objective is to evaluate the photosynthates partitioning and source-sink relationships, in vegetative and reproductive twigs of sweet passion fruit, using the carbon-13, stable isotope of carbon. The leaves of vegetative and reproductive twigs were placed in a sealed chamber and 13CO 2 were injected for 30 minutes. After six hours, the different organs of the twig were collected and immersed in liquid nitrogen (-196°C). All plant samples were oven-dried, powdered and combusted in an elemental analyzer. The results showed that the methodology was efficient to evaluate the partitioning of photosynthates. In the vegetative twigs, the new open leaves, the closed leaves and growth meristem were the principal sink for the source leaves enriched with 13CO 2. In the reproductive twigs with only flowers buds, the source-sink relationship was changed and the flowers buds turn to be the principal sink and the growing leaves were secondary sinks. The presence of young fruits changed again the source-sink relationship of the twig, and they were the principal sinks. The apical leaves, with 60% of final leaf area were also a sink for photosynthates.

produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo submetidas à salinidade em solo com biofertilizante bovino

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse from May 1 to July 31, 2008, in Areia county, Paraiba State, PB, Brazil, in order to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity on initial growth of the passionfruit seedlings in non-saline substrate with and without bovine biofertilizer. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, with three replications and twelve plants per plots, in a factorial arrangement 5 × 2 × 2, corresponding the former to the levels of salinity in the irrigation water: 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, in soils with and without bovine biofertilizer applied at two moments (25 and 65 days after seedling emergence). The growth of the seedlings and the soil electrical conductivity were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The biofertilizer was diluted in a low saline water at a 1:1 ratio and was applied once two days before sowing, corresponding to 10% of the substrates volume. The increase in water salinity inhibited the growth in height of plants, leaf area and root length, but always to a lesser extent in the treatments with bovine biofertilizer. The increase in electrical conductivity of the irrigation water elevated the soil salinity, independently of the addition of biofertilizer.

Diversidade genética em maracujá amarelo utilizando marcadores moleculares fAFLP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV

Mancha areolada da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) na Amazônia: evolução do patógeno (Thanatephorus cucumeris/Rhizoctonia solani grupo de anastomose AG 2-2 Hb) num patossistema tropical

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise econômica e energética de sistemas de produção do maracujá amarelo na região de Marília-SP

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Indução floral e produtividade do maracujazeiro-amarelo em função do uso de reguladores de crescimento vegetal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise energética do novo sistema de produção de maracujá amarelo na região de Marília-SP

The study aimed to evaluate energy indicators of a new production system of yellow passion fruit in Marilia-SP. Analyzed the inputs of the biological energy, fossil and industrial and output energy in the form of fruits produced per unit area as well as five energy indicators. The input energy amounted 155,810.13MJ ha(-1). Chemical fertilizers and pesticides accounted for 71% and 24% of indirect energy industry, respectively. The activity generated per cycle / ha, 587.700.00MJ, and cultural productivity 0.19MJ kg(-1). The efficiency culture was 3.77. The cultural energy net totaled 431,889.87MJ ha(-1). The energy efficiency (4.17) and energy balance (550,312.91MJ ha(-1)) was favorable. It was concluded that the direct energy consumption from fossil fuels, even though significant, yet permits the production of the fruit of an environmentally sustainable manner. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides were the most representative of indirect energy industry due to the intensification of fertilization as a means of disease prevention.

Potencial de resíduos agroindustriais como fontes de compostos bioativos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Nutrição mineral e qualidade do fruto do abacaxizeiro e do maracujazeiro

Several factors influence the productivity and fruit quality of pineapple and passion fruit, among which are: climate, soil fertilization and irrigation practices. Mineral nutrition is essential to increase productivity and improve fruit quality; however, there is a few information about the effect of fertilization in these two fruit crops, especially under tropical conditions. The objective of this review was to compile the main research results, in which the influence of mineral nutrition on the fruit quality was evaluated. We considered the information recently published in scientific journals, and presented it for the macronutrients individually, then to NPK and, finally, the micronutrients. The review showed that it is difficult to say that some element favors or not certain characteristics of pineapple and passion fruit fruits, since the results are inconsistent and there is not many information. More than established the effects of mineral nutrients on the fruit quality of these two fruit crops, we stand out that research in this topic is very necessary.