86 resultados para Invertebrates


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Currently the use of pesticides in agriculture is widespread due to their high effectiveness in combating pests, weeds and diseases leading to better productivity and economical performance in agricultural area. The use of pesticides affects the whole world and their use is often performed in an improper and indiscriminate way and for long periods. Several studies have been carried out in order to verify the presence of pesticides in nature, with worrying results. The presence of higher levels of pesticides and their degradation products in soil and surface and groundwater have indicated increasing contamination. Among the most widely used pesticides, herbicides are present and among these trifluralin has occupied an important place due to its widespread use; it is an herbicide originated from benzene derivatives belonging to dinitroanilines family; it is classified as belonging to group C, being possibly carcinogenic for humans, present a high persistence in soil as a result of its low mobility and therefore may affect local edaphic fauna. Diplopods belong to a group of invertebrates considered important in the soil dynamics; due to their close contact with it, these animals can be used as bioindicators of substrates toxicity. This study aimed to expose diplopod specimens of the species R. padbergi to different concentrations of trifluralin and therefore it was mounted five bioassays containing soil from the site where animals were collected (control group) and the same soil mixed to different concentrations of trifluralin herbicide (concentration recommended for agriculture use, that is, the dose recommended by the producer 0.0534g/m2, double, haft and quarter of this dose), animals were exposed for 7 and 90 days. During the entire period of exposure (90 days), it was observed that the number of animals in the control bioassay remained stable until the 5th week, presenting only... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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The medium to large-sized mammals make population control of invertebrates and vertebrates, as well as seed dispersers are also important. Are losing territory and living area because of deforestation and fragmentation of natural areas, mainly in the Atlantic Forest. The RPPN Amadeu Botelho, in the municipality of Jaú, São Paulo State, is one of the last forest remnants of interior paulista. It is isolated from other forest fragments and thus is a wildlife refuge in the region of Jaú, Midwest of the State. Animals as Pumas (Puma concolor), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), cat-Moorish (Puma yagouaroundi), have already been sighted in the reserve by officials and residents. The buffer property of the farm Santo Antônio dos Ipês, is surrounded by several plantations, and is very close to the Centre of the city of Jaú. In addition to the lifting of the reservation, it sized mammal species diagnosed the influences that the activities of the farm and the proximity to the Centre of the municipality of Jaú exert to fauna studied

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Human activities generate a great amount of sewage daily, which is dumped into the sewer system. After sewage-treatment processes, sewage sludge is generated. Such byproduct can be treated by different methods; the result of treatment is a stabilized compost of reduced pathogenicity that has a similar inorganic chemical composition to the raw sewage sludge. After such pretreatment, sewage sludge is called a biosolids, and it can be used in agriculture. In this contest, the present study evaluated the effects of a sample of biosolids on the perivisceral fat body of a diplopod. These invertebrates are soil organisms that play an important role in the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems, and as a consequence, they are in contact with xenobiotics present in this environmental compartment. Special emphasis is given on the interpretation of the effects of complex mixtures in target organs of diplopods. A semiquantitative analysis for the evaluation of histopathological changes in the perivisceral fat body was proposed. The sample-induced histopathological and ultrastructural changes in individuals exposed to it, and the severity of the effects was positively related to the exposure time, resulting in the deaths of exposed individuals after 90 days. Thus, the results indicate the need for caution in the use of biosolids as well as the need for improving waste management techniques, so they will produce environmentally innocuous final products.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Studies on feeding ecology are important tools for the understanding of feeding strategies and niche dynamics. Information on the type of food consumed, how, and where it is acquired, enable the elucidation of species behavioral, evolutionary and ecological aspects. The diet study based on fecal material enables a low-cost, informative research and avoids the sacrifice of animals. The general aim of this study is to characterize the diet of Euphractus sexcinctus, the yellow-armadillo, based on fecal samples, to contribute with additional information on their feeding habits. The study was undertaken at the Nhumirim ranch, Pantanal da Nhecolândia, MS, during the months of February and March, 2014. The fecal material was collected during the manual capture of the animals and oven dried at 60°C. The food items found in the feces were sorted using a magnifying glass and separated in the following categories: plant matter, invertebrates and soil. Invertebrates were identified to the order level and the plant matter to the lowest taxonomic level possible. Aiming to evaluate the invertebrate availability in the soil, pitfall traps were installed next to the location where individuals were captured, during the months of April and May. We were able to estimate the frequency with which item was consumed during the studied period, and if there is a relationship between the frequency of consumed invertebrates and their availability environment. Among the analyzed samples, we could observe the frequency of occurrence (FO) of plant matter, invertebrates and soil in all the samples. The main invertebrate orders found in the samples were: Coleoptera, Orthoptera and Hymenoptera, with FO of 100%, 100% and 87,5%, respectively. Seeds were found in 100% of the samples. The FO of the Byrsonima orbignyana was high (62,5%), and evidences the potential of the yellow-armadillos as seed dispersers. The use of other techniques, such as the micro-histological...