Síntese e caracterização de complexos de naproxeno com lantanídeos (III) e ítrio (III) no estado sólido com exceção do promécio

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Propriedades estruturais e espectroscópicas de complexos de difenilfosfinatos dos sistemas ternários 'LA'-'CE'-'EU'/'LA'-CE'-'TB'

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Síntese, caracterização e avaliação da citotoxicidade de complexos de Pd(II) contendo ligantes fosfínicos de N,S - quelantes

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Carbohydrate and glutamine supplementation modulates the Th1/Th2 balance after exercise performed at a simulated altitude of 4500 m

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate or glutamine supplementation, or a combination of the two, on the immune system and inflammatory parameters after exercise in simulated hypoxic conditions at 4500 m.Methods: Nine men underwent three sessions of exercise at 70% VO2(peak) until exhaustion as follows: 1) hypoxia with a placebo; 2) hypoxia with 8% maltodextrin (200 mL/20 min) during exercise and for 2 h after; and 3) hypoxia after 6 d of glutamine supplementation (20 g/d) and supplementation with 8% maltodextrin (200 mL/20 min) during exercise and for 2 h after. All procedures were randomized and double blind. Blood was collected at rest, immediately before exercise, after the completion of exercise, and 2 h after recovery. Glutamine, cortisol, cytokines, glucose, heat shock protein-70, and erythropoietin were measured in serum, and the cytokine production from lymphocytes was measured.Results: Erythropoietin and interleukin (IL)-6 increased after exercise in the hypoxia group compared with baseline. IL-6 was higher in the hypoxia group than pre-exercise after exercise and after 2 h recovery. Cortisol did not change, whereas glucose was elevated post-exercise in the three groups compared with baseline and pre-exercise. Glutamine increased in the hypoxia + carbohydrate + glutamine group after exercise compared with baseline. Heat shock protein-70 increased post-exercise compared with baseline and pre-exercise and after recovery compared with pre-exercise, in the hypoxia carbohydrate group. No difference was observed in IL-2 and IL-6 production from lymphocytes. IL-4 was reduced in the supplemented groups.Conclusion: Carbohydrate or glutamine supplementation shifts the T helper (Th)1/Th2 balance toward Th1 responses after exercise at a simulated altitude of 4500 m. The nutritional strategies increased in IL-6, suggesting an important anti-inflammatory effect. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Síntese e atividade biológica de complexos de metais de transição com hidrolisados proteicos da clara do ovo

Trabalho trata da síntese e caracterização de quelatos inéditos de prata, paládio e platina contendo proteínas hidrolisadas da clara de ovo. A ideia consiste em preparar e utilizar quelatos metálicos contendo ligantes de origem natural, como metalofármacos. A pesquisa realizada pode ser dividida em três etapas. A primeira, referente à hidrólise e análise do hidrolisado proteico da clara de ovo. Diversos métodos e condições experimentais foram testadas a fim de se encontrar as condições de hidrólise mais adequadas (natureza da enzima, tempo, pH, temperatura, relação enzima:substrato) para a obtenção de aminoácidos livres e/ou pequenos peptídeos. A segunda parte consistiu na obtenção de compostos de coordenação de platina, prata e paládio contendo o hidrolisado proteico. Nessa etapa, diferentes rotas sintéticas e condições experimentais também foram utilizadas. Além disso, a espectroscopia vibracional no infravermelho foi utilizada nessa etapa para investigar as características estruturais (particularmente, os grupos funcionais presentes) dos compostos metálicos obtidos bem como da matéria prima utilizada (clara de ovo). Após inúmeras tentativas de síntese, três amostras promissoras, do ponto de vista da Química de Coordenação, foram obtidas, a saber, CO-Pd2, CO-Pd9 e CO-Ag3. Ensaios biológicos preliminares, que consistiu na terceira e última parte deste trabalho, foram realizados no sentido de avaliar a capacidade inibitória de crescimento das bactérias S. aureus e E. coli, através da determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) dos compostos metálicos obtidos.

Detecção de DNA de micobactérias dos complexos M. tuberculosis e M. avium em amostras parafinadas de pacientes transplantados renais

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The genus Mycobacteriumhas two different complexes: M. tuberculosis Complex and M. avium Complex. This is a global health epidemic and remains a major global health problem, besides, the clinical severity of TB is significantly higher in transplanted patients. The detection of these mycobacteria complexes in transplanted patients, by molecular methods, is fundamental for quick treatment of patients and can contribute for rapid and accuracy of diagnosis. Objective: To detect mycobacteria DNA of M. tuberculosis and M. avium Complexes in formalin fixed paraffin-embedded samples (FFPE) of two patients groups: non transplanted and transplanted. Materials and Methods: The study includes 40 FFPE biopsies separated in four groups: NTP – presence of epithelioid granuloma and positive ZN, non-transplanted patients – 9 samples; NTN - presence of epithelioid granuloma and negative ZN, non-transplanted patients – 10 samples; TP – positive ZN, transplanted patients – 9 samples; TN – negative ZN, transplanted patients – 7 samples. Sections were cut for DNA extraction. Samples were submitted to PCR for amplification of: a) β-actin, b) IS6110 insertion and c) IS1245 insertion. DNA evaluation was made by spectrophotometry and efficiency and PCR analysis was made by agarose gels under UV light. Results: In all samples processed, 97.1% were positive for human β-actin gene. In22.2% of NTP group were found the IS6110 insertion sequencebut the IS1245 wasn´t. In the NTN group was not found any sequence. In theTP group, 11.1% of the samples were positive for IS6110 and also 11,1% werepositive for IS1245. In the TN group, 14.3% of the samples were positive forIS6110 and for IS1245, 14.3% was also positive. Conclusion: Although factors such as DNA degradation after formalin fixation and paraffin embedding, were possible to detect DNA from the human gene ...

Avaliação da citotoxicidade, genotoxicidade e mutagenicidade de lentes de contato à base de celulose bacteriana com adição de complexos fármacos-ciclodextrinas

Nos últimos anos, a biotecnologia tem proporcionado avanços no desenvolvimento de biomateriais a serem utilizados como dispositivos médicos. Dentre esses dispositivos, podemos destacar aqueles que promovem a reparação tecidual e, também, a liberação controlada de fármacos. Partindo deste propósito, lentes de contato à base de celulose bacteriana (CB) foram desenvolvidas, visando o efeito curativo e reparativo para doenças da superfície ocular. A adição de ciclodextrinas (CDs) e fármacos, como o ciprofloxacino (CP) e o diclofenaco de sódio (DS) á essas lentes proporcionando propriedades terapêuticas e de liberação controlada dos fármacos. No entanto, para certificar-se do uso seguro desses compósitos pela indústria de dispositivos médicos, é necessário verificar se não possuem atividade citotóxica, genotóxica e/ou mutagênica. Sendo assim, a proposta do presente trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de uma adição eficaz de fármacos às lentes de contato de CB, para que sejam liberados de maneira controlada e, também, a verificação de sua biossegurança. Para essa verificação foram realizados ensaios in vitro de citotoxicidade (ensaio com o kit XTT e Sobrevivência Clonogênica), genotoxicidade (ensaio Cometa) e mutagenicidade (teste do Micronúcleo) com os respectivos. Após a análise estatística dos resultados foi possível verificar que o material CB-CP apresentou efeito citotóxico e os materiais CB-DS e CB-CD-DS apresentaram efeito citotóxico, genotóxico e mutagênico. Essa informação é fundamental para uma futura utilização segura desse biomaterial pela indústria de dispositivos médicos ...

Síntese e caracterização de complexos de cetoprofeno com lantanídeos (III) e Ítirio (III) no estado sólido com exceção do promécio

Solid-state compounds of general formula LnL3.nH2O, in wich Ln represents lanthanum, lanthanides and yttrium, L is ketoprofen, and n = 0,5 (Pr, Sm, Tb), 1 (La, Eu, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) e 1,5 (Ce, Nd, Gd, Yb, Y) were synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy and EDTA complexometry were employed to characterize these compounds. The TG-DTA and DSC curves provided information concerning the thermal behaviour and thermal decomposition of synthesized compounds. The experimental and theoretical infrared spectroscopic data suggested that ketoprofen acts as a bidentate ligand towards trivalent lanthanides and yttrium (III)

Estudo termoanalítico de complexos do fármaco Ibuprofeno com lantanídeos (III) leves no estado sólido com exceção do promécio

This Final Paper had as it main goal to make a thermoanalytical study of lighter trivalent lanthanides (Lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium, Samarium and Europium) with the Ibuprofen ligand (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory) that have a general formula LnL3.nH2O, on solid state, where Ln are the Lanthanides, L is the Ibuprofen ligand and n = number of water molecules of hydration that went from 1,0 to all the compounds. In order to characterize this compounds, it has been used the thermoanalytical techniques TG-DTA (thermogravimetry - Diferential Thermal Analysis) and DSC (Diferential Scanning Calorimetry), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and complexometric titration with EDTA. Through the TG-DTA technique, it has been possible to set the thermal stability of the compounds, the number of thermal decomposition steps and temperatures that ocurred that also provided stoichiometry to the synthesized compounds. The DSC technique has shown the enthalpy of dehydration of the samarium and europium compounds, it was not possible to see it in the other compounds due to a endothermic peak on the DSC curve not being formed. In the case of neodymium, a thermal event ocurred, in which it could be a oxidative decarboxylation right after the dehydration. The infrared was utilised to study the carboxilate groups streches, and so, suggest a ligand metals compound coordination, that to this present paper has been a bidentade bridged coordenation. At last, the complexometric tritation was used to very the ammount of metal present in each compound, and so, verify if the proposed stoichiometry was according to the theory

Estudos estruturais e cristalização de complexos formados entre toxinas botrópicas e inibidores vegetais

This research presents a study of structural complexes formed between the bothropstoxin BthTX-I and PrTX-I and phospholipase A2 (PLA2s) inhibitor 12- methoxy-4-methyl-voachalotine (MMV) of Tabernamontana catharinensis and rosmarinic acid (Cv-RA) of Rosmarinus officinalis. For both were used cocrystallization experiments with the toxins and inhibitors. In the future, the experimental three-dimensional structures of these complexes will be obtained through the technique of crystallography. Simultaneously, construction occurred in silico of inhibitors Cv-RA and MMV and attempts of docking between these binders and protein structures. These theoretical data provide important information regarding the nature of interactions between inhibitors, toxins and structural changes induced by the protein molecule inhibitors. Therefore, the acquisition of this information has great value to identification, characterization and development (drug design) of compounds with great potential for biotechnology and drug use. Considering further and more relevant aplications, these compounds could be used to control symptoms in many cases of ophidic poisoning and also in combating of pathological processes (degenerative inflammatory diseases and auto-immune diseases, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, among others) whose causes are related to molecules belonging to the same groups of proteins which are classified bothropstoxin that were studied in this project

Determinação de complexos de urânio em solo usando a técnica de difusão em filmes finos por gradiente de concentração (DGT)

This paper proposes to assess the lability of complexes of uranium in soil using the technique of Diffusion in Thin Films by concentration gradients (DGT) in the vicinity the Osamu Utsumi mine, located in the municipality of Caldas - MG. The technique is based on the 1ª Fick Law, where metal complexes diffuse through a gel, which in turn is adsorbed on a resin. The metals adsorbed are recovered by an analytical technique and quantified by optical emission spectrometer with plasma inductively coupled (ICP-OES) or mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS)

Mapeamento geológico e petrologia dos complexos máfico-ultramáficos de Mangabal Sul e Mangabal Norte, região de Sanclerlândia, Goiás

The Mangabal Sul and Mangabal Norte mafic-ultramafic complexes are interpreted as intrusive stratiform bodies in the Goiás Magmatic Arc during the Brazilian cycle, being economically important for harboring significant amounts of nickel and copper sulfides. The main lithotypes of the complexes are gabbronorites, olivine gabbronorites, pyroxenites and peridotites, with variated degrees of deformation, recrystallization and metamorphism superimposed, with metamorphic peak of amphibolite to granulite facies evidenced mainly by the occurrence of coronitic olivine in metamafic rocks and the occurrence of syn-kinematic retrometamorphism associated with the development of the main foliation Sn. The Sn foliation planes show NE-SW preferential direction, consistent with the foliation direction of VIII the enclosing gneisses and schists, also concordant with the general elongation of mafic and ultramafic bodies displayed on map. The sulfide phase presents textures that indicate remobilization, associated with the occurrence of significant amounts of rutile within the ore which reinforces this idea. Along with the sulfides, the occurrence of expressive quantities of titanium oxides such as ilmenite and rutile, make the area more economically attractive. It can be suggested that the Mangabal Norte and Mangabal Sul complexes are contemporary, have the same genetic affinity and suffered the same deformational and metamorphic processes, evidenced by their structural and petrological similarities

Otimização de altitude de vôo para aeronaves executivas para economia de combustível e tempo

This work approaches, in a simplified manner, the analysis of an aircraft’s trajectory through the 3 main flight phases, climb, cruise and descent, related to fuel consumption and elapsed time. From this analysis is developed a tool that aims optimize the flight planning operational procedure, providing an altitude that comply with fuel saving during the trip, or minimizes the trip time. The use of any altitude is an operator’s decision, that aims comply with their operational needs of each trip, getting the results provided by the tool as a primary approach to the flight profile that also bring up economics aspects of each possibility of decision to be taken. Since the aeronautical Market has singular problems, as the flight altitude optimization, there is the need to solutions very customized that many times can not attend every restriction for each operator and its related kind of operation. When we talk about executive aircrafts, is possible to note that its operators does not have enough engineering and logistic support, when compared to huge airlines companies, to analyze all exceptions of each singular operation, creating many times wastes that can be avoiding with a tool described herein in this work

Divergência genética entre diferentes populações de Ischnocnema holti (Anura, Brachycephalidae) nas áreas de altitude da Mata Atlântica

Entre os diferentes ambientes da Mata Atlântica as áreas de maior altitude são o hábitat de algumas espécies de anfíbios anuros. Tais espécies devem ser investigadas, pois ambientes montanhosos e acidentados podem propiciar barreiras à dispersão de diversos anuros, podendo fazer com que cada população passe por processos independentes de evolução, podendo levar à especiação. Ischnocnema holti é um exemplo de espécie que encontra-se em áreas de altitude da Mata Atlântica. Trabalhos anteriores revelam que há divergência genética entre amostras de diferentes localidades em que tal espécie habita, onde muitas vezes existe uma confusão de identificação com I. lactea. Este estudo utilizou marcadores moleculares para estimar a divergência genética entre as populações atribuídas à espécie em estudo nas diferentes áreas de altitude em que esta se encontra, buscando-se contribuir à compreensão de como barreiras geográficas por altitude poderiam interferir nos padrões de diversidade desta região, além de esclarecer o conflito de identificação. Dentro do complexo de espécies I. lactea/holti observou-se sete clados genéticos que podem ser novas espécies. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho sugerem que os espécimes incluídos no clado II correspondem à espécie Ischnocnema holti e sua distribuição restringe-se à parte alta da Serra do Itatiaia, no município de Itamonte, estado de Minas Gerais. Já os exemplares dos clados I, III, IV, V, VI e VII provavelmente não correspondem à espécie I. holti, fazendo-se necessária uma maior amostragem para estabelecer em definitivo as relações e os limites específicos neste complexo de espécies. Para melhor entendimento deste complexo é necessária uma revisão taxonômica, sendo indispensáveis estudos com base em aspectos morfológicos, bioacústicos, ecológicos e genéticos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

O assoalhamento em Bokermannohyla alvarengai (Anura, Hylidae): história natural e adaptações morfo-fisiológicas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)