Mudança de concepção das políticas públicas para o campo brasileiro: o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos, PAA

In the 90, the public politics for the Brazilian rural way incorporated the territorial perspective, besides they motivate the participation and the beneficiaries collective organization. In 2003 the Food Acquisition Program (FAP) was created with the intention of guaranteeing the feeding of people in social vulnerability situation or alimentary insecurity and of providing work and income in the field through the direct buying of the agriculturists foods. In a research made in two São Paulo State's towns: Tupi Paulista and Dracena, it was verified that the price paid to the farmers is higher to the regional average and because of this fact the participants have interest in enlarging the cultivated area and/or in diversifying the cultivations. Though, two problems were detected: 1) the reduced number of beneficiated producers; and, ii) the furtherance of the producers relatives already registered that try to increase their quota of products and the value to be received.

Caso alóctone de leishmaniose visceral canina, no município de Campo Mourão, Paraná, Brasil

This report aims to describe the first case allochthonous of visceral leishmanisasis (VL) in the municipality of Campo Mourao, Parana, Brazil, in a canine, Boxer breed, with eye and skin lesions, lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly, attended at Veterinary Hospital at the Faculdade Integrado de Campo Mourao, after residing in the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. The diagnosis of the disease was based on direct observation of amastigotes of Leishmania spp., in popliteal lymph nodes, suggesting that a case of VL, since the animal came from an endemic area for the disease. The migration of infected dogs from endemic regions to areas unaffected becomes a problem for public health, since it may allow the installation of new outbreaks by encouraging the spread of disease throughout the country.

Tabelas de esperança de vida e fertilidade para Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em condições de laboratório e campo

In this study, the aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt) was reared at different temperatures, under laboratory and field conditions, aiming to obtain age-specific life tables. In the laboratory, L. erysimi was fed on kale, Brassica oleracea L. var acephala, and kept in incubators adjusted to 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30°C, 14h photophase and 70±10% RH. The longest mean generation time (T) was observed at 15°C (23.86 days) and the shortest at 30°C (7.18 days), while the smallest net reproductive rate (R0) occurred at 15°C (4.30) and largest one at 25°C (38.29). For the temperatures of 15, 20, 25 and 30°C, the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) were 0.06/1.06, 0.24/1.27, 0.28/1.33 and 0.23/1.25, respectively. The doubling time (DT) at 15, 20, 25 and 30°C were 11.55, 2.80, 2.47, and 3.01 days, respectively. Under field conditions, the net reproductive rate (R0) of L. erysimi was larger in the winter (53.50) than in the summer (40.99), the same being observed for the mean generation time (T), which was 13.85 days in the winter and 7.57 days in the summer. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) were 0.29/1.34 and 0.40/1.63 for winter and summer, respectively. The doubling time (DT) observed for winter (2.39 days) was larger than the one observed for summer (1.41 days). The temperature affects longevity of L. erysimi and the best parameters of life table of fertility under laboratory conditions are obtained at 25°C. The data obtained in field conditions reinforced this finding. The daily fecundity was higher and longevity was smaller in the summer than in the winter, thus increasing the innate capacity of increasing in number and duplicating the population in a shorter period of time.

Atividades psiquiátricas no campo dos transtornos devidos ao uso de substâncias psicoativas

There are a large number of institutions, proposals and publications in the field of disorders resulting from the use of psychoactive substances. There is no corresponding progress in results obtained in clinical treatments. Concepts and appropriate points of view are indispensable. The vision of the world drug addicts is not only determined by the biochemical effects of intoxication, but also by the experience they go through, by their own way of living. By accepting such postulate, we may conceptualize the problem, thus benefiting research studies and more efficient treatments. Preventing intoxication, upon the onset of dependence, depends on educational, social, legal and other measures, which can neither be studied nor practiced by medicine.

Precisão de plantas planialtimétricas em função do posicionamento de pontos em irradiadas de campo

The present experiment aimed to study the influence of point positioning in an irradiated field to produce a planialtimetric plant. A planialtimetric evaluation was carried out in a 14-acre experimental area with well-defined topographic variations. Planialtimetric maps were designed using manual procedures, Datageosis and Topoesalq. Datageosis built all the curves after numerical surface modeling. Topoesalq provided only height reports and the drawing of curves was done manually. The third method was a manual procedure. Because there were planialtimetry representation differences, longitudinal profiles were used in the sites where there was a great divergence among plants. When obtained profiles and plants were compared, it was verified that the one produced by Datageosis represented the relief plant better. Later, only the irradiated field points were evaluated and each point presented positioned readings before and after each relief map variation. The processing through the three methods resulted in significant plants of the local planialtimetry, according to the control profiles. It was concluded that the planning of the field procedure should be suitable to the posterior treatment method of obtained data in order to make a planialtimetric plant to accord to the evaluated local topography.

Orientação semi-automática de imagens CBERS usando rodovias como controle de campo

In this paper is proposed a methodology for semiautomatic CBERS image orientation using roads as ground control. It is based on an iterative strategy involving three steps. In the first step, an operator identifies on the image the ground control roads and supplies along them a few seed points, which could be sparsely and coarsely distributed. These seed points are used by the dynamic programming algorithm for extracting the ground control roads from the image. In the second step, it is established the correspondences between points describing the ground control roads and the corresponding ones extracted from the image. In the last step, the corresponding points are used to orient the CBERS image by using the DLT (Direct Linear Transformation). The two last steps are iterated until the convergence of the orientation process is verified. Experimental results showed that the proposed methodology was efficient with several test images. In all cases the orientation process converged. Moreover, the estimated orientation parameters allowed the registration of check roads with pixel accuracy or better.

Determinação da distribuição de um nível de turbidito na formação Macaé no campo de Namorado através de uso de atributos sísmicos

This study was developed on the basis of petrophysics characterization, 3D seismic interpretation, and rock-wire-log integration. The results were integrated with amplitude attribute through cross plot (rock attribute x amplitude value). 3D seismic data also allowed inteipreting the top of Lagoa Feia, Macaé, and Carapebus formations, and Outeiro Member. The analyses of the maps of structures and attributes, integrated with wire-log data, suggest that Namorado turbidite level is candidate to be mapped with stratigraphic attributes like AverageTroughAmplitude, RMS velocity and Total AbsoluteAmplitude. Lagoa Feia Formation attribute maps (Dip-Azimuth and TotalEnergy) allows to interpret a low fault density at the carbonate coquina level in the Namorado field. This level is also considered one at the best seismic reflector and an important reservoir of the Campos Basin.

Efeito residual de calcário, nitrogênio e zinco na produção de matéria seca de Brachiaria decumbens em condições de campo

The balance of liming and fertilization practice with nitrogen and zinc could affect the production of the pasture. Thus, the present work has as objective to evaluate the residual effect of the application of calcareous rock, nitrogen, and zinc on the dry matter production of Brachiaria decumbens, during three cuts. For this, an experiment was installed in Selvíria, Brazil, on a distrofic red Latosol, from october 1997 to may 1998. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial project 3×3×2, with four repetitions. The treatments were three doses of nitrogen: 0, 50, and 100 kg/ha, three doses of lime: 0, 267, and 556 kg/ha, corresponding to 41, 50, and 60% of the levels of base saturation, respectively, and two doses of zinc 0 and 5 kg/ha, applied in the first year and reapplied in the second year, except for the limestone. Four cuts were done in the grass at 10 cm of height, with intervals of 49 days, to obtain the dry matter production. The limestone application in the first year did not provide to residual effect on the production of Brachiaria decumbens. However, the nitrogen fertilization increased the dry matter production of the grass. The application of zinc in the first year and the reapplication in the second year did not result in a productive response of B. decumbens. © 2009 Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricolas INIA.

Efeito agudo do aquecimento realizado através de exercícios dinâmicos e jogo de futebol em campo reduzido sobre a agilidade em crianças

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of warm up performed by dynamic exercises (DYN) and small sided soccer game (SOC) on agility with ball (AB) and agility without ball (AG). Eighteen children of both genders (n=18) performed the AB and AG tests after three conditions: without warm-up (WWU), DYN and SOC. The effects of DYN and SOC warm-ups on AG test was higher than WWU (p<0,05) and it was similar among them (WWU=12,2 ± 1,0, DYN= 11,3 ± 0,7, SOC=11,4 ± 0,6 s), as well as on AB test (WWU=15,0 ± 2,1, DYN= 14,4 ± 2,1, SOC=14,0 ± 1,6 s). Results in both tests were similar by gender, except in AB test performed with DYN warm-up, in girls. SOC is an effective warm-up protocol for agility tests with or without ball and can be used before agility motor tasks in children.

Paradigmas diversos no campo da assistência social e seus estabelecimentos assistenciais típicos

In order to understand what is the situation of entities that serve children and adolescents today, as well as the institutional plot that comprises these institutions, we aimed to formulate a set of paradigmatic possibilities that would allow us to understand the configuration of the dialectical field of various pulses, in which these entities are located. We detected the subjects we associate with counterparts paradigms of Charity, of Human Promotion, of Philanthropy, of assistentialist government patronage, of Social Work as a State Policy, and finally, another set of events that we propose to designate as the paradigm of Citizen Subjects we associate with the ethical perspective of People Education. These paradigmatic possibilities range from the simply various and contrasting ones, including the similar and competing ones, to the dialectically contradictory ones. Its spectrum oscillates between tutelage and citizenship. The characterization of these didactic paradigms can provide us a compass that is required in a highly complex social field, allowing us to understand the variety of ethical effects promoted by these paradigms in the social field.

Estabelecimento de fungos nematófagos aplicados no campo para o controle dos nematoides-chaves dos citros no Brasil

Monitoring the survival of nematophagous fungi is needed to establish periods of reapplication of formulations of nematophagous fungi to control the citrus nematode in the field. We monitored the survival of fungi: Arthrobotrys robusta, A. oligospora, A. musiformis Dactylella leptospora and Monacrosporium eudermatum in plots treated with 1, 2, 4, 6 liters of the formulation of fungi/plant or witness without the application, during the period of nine months with the first assessment six months after application and the other with intervals of three months after the first evaluation. The fungus D. leptospora was found only in the evaluation of 6 months after treatment application, indicated a short survival time in the soil. However, the isolated A. robusta, A. musiformis and A. oligospora were recovered in all evaluations and especially in plots treated with higher doses of the formulation and witness. Monacrosporium eudermatum was recovered in all experimental periods and even in assessing the witness portion of nine months after application. The fact of the presence of species of Arthrobotrys and M. eudermatum in control plots indicates that native species that were already orchard.

A Hermenêutica no Campo Organizacional: Duas possibilidades interpretativistas de pesquisa

The present text has the objective of presenting theoretical considerations regarding two types of strategy of research: phenomenology and ethnography. Based on a hermeneutic approach, the two conceptual propositions are presented, the first being dealt with in the sociological context, and the second presented as an anthropological basis. Their similar uses in an organizational context - as well as their differences - are highligthed according to the theoretical contributions of authors belonging to the qualitative universe of organizational research. The text reveals, by the presentations of reported theoretical assumptions, the relevance of the interpretative perspective for the conduction of research that has the organization as object of study, in the pursuit of the identification of ways of constructing the social reality that is the result of the analysis of meanings and experiences lived by the participants, highlighting the importance of the bond between researcher and the research object The theoretical discussion regarding the two perspectives allows to observe the competence of the phenomenological and ethnographic research practice within the field of organizational studies, showing their methodological possibilities to identify dynamics that relate to the experience of life, favoring the analysis of the human being as a phenomenon of interpretation. © FECAP.

Cenografia e autoria em Campo Geral

The analyses of Guimarães Rosa's works often consider relevant facts connected to the author's personal life: his childwood in Sertão of Minas Gerais and his posterior wanderings through this region, his medical and diplomatic career, his deep knowledge of several languages, his misticism. His literary work would be a quite faithful reflection of his life. In this work, an analysis of Campo Geral (1956) [1977], considered by many critics as an autobiographical novel, is proposed, aiming to conciliate the inevitable influence of the author's biographical life without confounding or mixing enunciation scene with historical situation. Therefore, it was taken into account concepts of scenography, paratopia and of person-writer-inscriber, as proposed by Maingueneau (2006).