Orthogonal polynomials associated with related measures and Sobolev orthogonal polynomials

Connection between two sequences of orthogonal polynomials, where the associated measures are related to each other by a first degree polynomial multiplication (or division), are looked at. The results are applied to obtain information regarding Sobolev orthogonal polynomials associated with certain pairs of measures.

Structural and geochronological studies of the Médio Coreaú domain, NE Brazil: Constraints on Brasiliano/Pan-African tectonic evolution in the NW part of the Borborema Province

Recent structural investigations and geochronological studies of rocks from the Médio Coreaú domain in the NW part of northeast Brazil's Borborema Province provide important constraints on the tectonic evolution of the region both preceeding and during the assembly of West Gondwana. Field observations of structural features and fabrics have revealed the presence of four distinct deformational phases in the MCD: D1, D2, D3 and D4. Only the early Paleoproterozoic gneisses record the D1 tectonic event and its preservation is cryptic owing to strong overprinting by the subsequent tectonic phases. The D2, D3 and D4 events affected younger supracrustal rocks and Neoproterzoic magmatic units, and U-Pb geochronological constraints show that all of these tectonic phases represent deformational events that occurred during Brasiliano collision between the West African craton and the NW part of the Borborema Province. The D2 phase, lasting between ca. 622 and 591 Ma, represents a frontal collision stage, which generated NW verging thrust-nappe systems, low-angle foliation, high-grade metamorphism and crustal anatexis. Transition to a strike-slip regime (D3) occurred at around 591 Ma when the region entered a phase of escape tectonics. During this time, the motion of crustal blocks towards NE and E was accommodated along numerous anastomosing shear zones. Syntectonic emplacement of granitoid plutons took place in transtensional domains of the shear zone system. The intrusion of late tectonic granitoids and rapid uplift and cooling of the orogen around 560 Ma as a result of D4 transpressional movements marked the end of the D3 transcurrent regime. These findings show that only the early Paleoproterozoic gneisses in the Médio Coreaú domain are polycyclic in nature. Rather than representing distinct orogenic events, the D2, D3 and D4 tectonic phases are a manifestation of progressive deformational events that developed in response to changes in the regional stress field during convergence and collision between the Borborema Province and its surrounding cratons.

Desempenho de cordeiros lactentes recebendo probióticos em comedouros privativos

The presente study was carried out to evaluate the performance of 40 lambs 7/8 Ile de France 1/8 Ideal (20 not castrated males and 20 females) raised with access to creep feeding, until get 17 kg of corporeal weight. The animals were divided in treatments, receiving isoproteic and isoenergetic diets, with diferent levels of probiotics (D1=0%, D2=0,8% e D3=12%). They were analysed in regart to born weight, weight at 30 days and weight gain at maternal independent (from 1th to 4th weeks) and maternal independent (from 5th to 8th week), the age of wean and daily weight gain. The average intake of dry matter by the lambs at D1, D2 and D3 was 0,27, 0,26 and 0,27 kg/day, respectively. On maternal dependent phase, there was no interaction and differences between diet and sex in the born weight (3.30 kg), weight at 30 days of age (11.79 kg) and in the average daily weight gain (0.28 kg). On maternal independent phase, there were no differences in the age of weam (53 days) and daily weight gain (0,26 kg) between diet and sex. It was concluded that probiotics inclusion in the diet of the suckling lambs (males not castrated and females) didn't improve their performance.

Flexibility and torsional resistance of three nickel-titanium retreatment instrument systems

Aim To assess the dimensional characteristics, flexibility and torsional behaviour of nickel-titanium retreatment instruments. Methodology Using image analysis software and high-resolution digital images, the instrument length, tip angle, diameter at 3mm from the tip and the distance between the blades (pitch length) of the following eight instruments were measured (n=12 for each measurement parameter): the ProTaper Universal retreatment (PTU-R) D1, D2 and D3 instruments; the R-Endo R1, R2 and R3 retreatment instruments; and the Mtwo retreatment (Mtwo-R) sizes 25 and 15 retreatment instruments. Maximum torque and the angular deflection at fracture as well as the bending moment at 45° were measured (n=12) according to the International Standards Organisation (ISO) specification number 3630-1. Data were analysed using the analysis of variance (α=0.05). Results The length of the active part of the instruments was found to vary according to the depth of the canal into which they were designed to reach. The pitch length also increased along the active length. The PTU-R D1 and the Mtwo-R instruments had active tips. Measurements of the bending moment at 45° revealed that the Mtwo-R 15 instrument was the most flexible, whereas the PTU-R D1 was the least flexible. The maximum torque tended to increase as the instrument diameter at 3mm from the tip increased, whereas the angular deflection at fracture varied in the opposite direction. Conclusions The geometrical characteristics of the retreatment instruments and their flexibility and torsion behaviour were consistent with their intended clinical application. © 2011 International Endodontic Journal.

Características morfoagronômicas do milho submetido a diferentes níveis de desfolha manual

The present study was conducted to evaluate the damage caused by defoliation in maize. The experiment was carried out in 2005/2006 at Roma Farm, Ituverava-SP, using the triple hybrid CODETEC 304®. The experiment consisted of split plots (split-plot), which were distributed at random in three blocks, with the main treatment manual defoliation (30%, 40%, 60% and 80% defoliation) in the plots and as the secondary treatment the phenological phases (D1, D2 and D3) with three replicates for each treatment and a control plot (0% defoliation) for each block. It was evaluated the production of plots (g/m2), the average size of the spikes (cm) and the average weight of thousand grains (g). According to the results, it was concluded that the source-sink relations were negatively affected, and the treatment with 80% defoliation was the one that most affected all variables, thus, it is a level of defoliation that is responsible for the largest losses, with no means of compensation for the maize crop.

Evaluation of tibial dyschondroplasia development in broiler chickens fed diets containing 25 hydroxicolecalciferol

This research was carried out to evaluate the development of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broilers from 1 to 21 days. Four hundred forty day-old male chickens, from broiler breeders aged 60-62 weeks, were randomly distributed in a 3×3+2 factorial arrangement, resulting in 11 treatments with four replicates of 10 birds each. The factors evaluated were: bird strains (Ross 308, Cobb 500, and Hybro), levels and sources of vitamin D (1250UI D3/kg without 25-(OH)D3; 1250UI D3/kg with 69mg 25-(OH)D3/ton, and 3000UI D3/kg with 69mg 25-(OH)D3/ton), and two control treatments containing calcium and phosphorus levels with 3000UI D3/kg without 25-(OH)D3 and 3000UI D3/kg with 69mg 25- (OH)D3/ton of feed. Bone characteristics were evaluated. From 1 to 21 days, the results showed that bone calcium and phosphorus concentrations were not influenced by the treatments, however, feed intake was higher for factorial than control treatments. Bone breaking resistance was not influenced by the treatments and there were no typical lesions of TD. In conclusion, it was not observed TD development in broilers from 1 to 21 days according to experimental procedures of this research.

Commutative group codes in R4, R6, R8 and R16-Approaching the bound

Spherical codes in even dimensions n = 2m generated by a commutative group of orthogonal matrices can be determined by a quotient of m-dimensional lattices when the sublattice has an orthogonal basis. We discuss here the existence of orthogonal sublattices of the lattices A2, D3, D4 and E8, which have the best packing density in their dimensions, in order to generate families of commutative group codes approaching the bound presented in Siqueira and Costa (2008) [14]. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nephrocalcinosis induced by hyperoxaluria in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ultrassonografia oftálmica em cães com diferentes conformações cranianas

The aim of this study was to establish mean values for intraocular structures and analyse if the differences are present for different skull conformations in dogs. In this study, 30 dogs were selected and distributed into three groups according to skull conformation; thus, group 1 (G1) was composed of brachycephalic dogs, group 2 (G2) was composed of mesocephalic dogs and group 3 (G3) was composed of dolichocephalic dogs. A and B-mode ultrasound was performed simultaneously for obtainment of measurements relating to anterior chamber depth (D1); lens thickness (D2); vitreous chamber depth (D3); and the axial length of the eye (D4). No differences were observed when comparing left and right eyes of dogs within the same skull conformation group (p>0.05). Differences were observed when comparing D3 and D4 between groups G2 and G3 (p<0.05). Skull conformation of brachycephalic dogs did not influence intraocular measurement values when compared to dolicephalic and mesocephalic dogs. Skull conformation of dolichocephalic dogs had an influence in values of vitreous chamber and the complete length of the eye when compared to mesocephalic dogs.

Stocking density of Nile tilapia in cages placed in a hydroelectric reservoir

The Brazilian government has been encouraging fish farming in cages in federal water bodies, including hydroelectric reservoirs. Despite the government support, it is a new activity and the production model still needs some adjustment to reduce the production costs and achieve sustainability. The aims of this study were to determine the appropriate stocking density of Nile tilapia in cages in a hydroelectric reservoir and to evaluate to what extent fish size selection could improve their uniformity. Twelve cages (6m3) were placed at the Fish Farmers' Cooperative of Santa Fé do Sul and Region, Ilha Solteira reservoir, São Paulo, Brazil (20°12'10″S, 50°58'31.15″W). In stage I (initial fish weight, 78g), four stocking densities were tested: D1-800, D2-2000, D3-2500 and D4-3000 fish/cage, with three replicates. At the end of this stage (average fish weight, 255g), the fish were selected into three sizes, except for D1. In stage II, four stocking densities were tested, designed to obtain the following final production: D1-100kg/m3 (800 non-selected fish/cage), D2-80kg/m3 (600 fish/cage), D3-100kg/m3 (800 fish/cage) and D4-120kg/m3 (900 fish/cage). The trial ended when the fish weighed 800g. By reducing the initial stocking density from 2500 to 800 tilapia juveniles per cage, there was no need for selection. The growth performance was higher, the feed conversion rate was better and the time taken to reach harvesting was shorter. Consequently, the production cost reduced and the operating profit increased. Using the lowest initial stocking density, the risk of disease outbreak was also lower, and there was no need to use drugs for disease control since the mortality rate and occurrences of disease and deformity decreased and the dissolved oxygen level inside the cages was higher. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Desempenho de métodos baseados na indução de fluorescência para a detecção de lesões de cárie em superfícies oclusais e proximais: estudos in vitro

Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas - FOAR

Ultrassonografia do bulbo do olho de cães, com diferentes conformações cranianas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Nefrocalcinose induzida pela hiperoxalúria: modelo experimental em ratos

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Análise econômica da aplicação de biossólido na agricultura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência da suplementação de dieta com diferentes doses de vitamina D sobre variáveis cardíacas em ratos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)