Localized matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity in the rat ventral prostate during the first week of postnatal development

The initial events in prostatic morphogenesis involve cell proliferation, epithelial canalization and outgrowth toward the stroma. We have hypothesized that stromal rearrangement takes place at the sites of epithelial growth and branching and that this rearrangement involves the action of gelatinases matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to characterize structural aspects of epithelial growth during the first week of postnatal development of the rat ventral prostate and to investigate the expression, localization and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 during this period by histological, ultrastructural and immunocytochemical analysis, in addition to gel zymography, in situ zymography and Western blotting. An increasing complexity of prostatic architeture was observed within the first postnatal week. Concurrently, the stroma became more organized and some cells differentiated into smooth muscle cells. Reticulin fibers appeared in a basket-like arrangement around both growing tips and epithelial sprouts, associated with a fainter staining for laminin. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were detected. MMP-2/MMP-9 expression decreased during the first week. Developing epithelial cords showed strong and difuse gelatinolytic activity. This activity coincided with the distribution of MMP-2 as determined by immunocytochemistry. on the other hand, MMP-9 was rather concentrated at the epithelial tips. These results suggest that gelatinolytic activity (with contribution of both MMP-2 and MMP-9) in the epithelium and at the epithelium-stroma interface are at least in part responsible for the tissue remodeling that allows epithelial growth and its projection into the surrounding stroma.

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of heavy trivalent lanthanide malonates

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid-state compounds of europium(III) and gadolinium(III) 3-methoxybenzoate

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Spatial variability of the physical and mineralogical properties of the soil from the areas with variation in landscape shapes

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência das formas do relevo na variabilidade espacial de atributos físicos e suas relações com a mineralogia da argila de um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico, utilizando a técnica da geoestatística. Os solos foram amostrados nos pontos de cruzamento de uma malha, com intervalos regulares de 10 m, nas profundidades de 0,0-0,2 m, 0,2-0,4 m e 0,4-0,6 m para os atributos físicos e 0,6-0,8 m para os atributos mineralógicos. Os valores médios para a densidade do solo e resistência do solo à penetração são maiores no compartimento I onde a relação Ct/Ct+Gb é relativamente maior, indicando a presença de maior teor de caulinita. No compartimento II a condutividade hidráulica e a macroporsidade são maiores, influenciados provavelmente pelo predomínio da gibbsita. Portanto, conclui-se que a identificação das pedoformas é muito eficiente para compreender a variabilidade espacial de propriedades do solo. Sendo que, as variações na forma da paisagem promovem variabilidade espacial diferenciada das propriedades físicas e mineralógicas do solo.

Cytogenetic analyses of two Curimatidae species (Pisces; Characiformes) from the Paranapanema and Tietê Rivers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Thermal decomposition of solid state compounds of lanthanide and yttrium benzoates in CO2 atmosphere

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid 2-methoxycinnamylidenepyruvate of some bivalent metal ions in CO2 and N2 atmospheres

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ultrasonographic analysis of senile cataractous lens of dogs and its correlation to phacoemulsification

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Solid-state compounds of 2-chlorobenzylidenepyruvate with some bivalent metal ions - Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour

Solid-state M-2-Cl-BP, where M stands for Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb and 2-Cl-BP is 2-chlorobenzylidenepyruvate, have been synthesized. Thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and complexometry were used to characterize and to study the thermal behaviour of these compounds. The results led to information about the composition, dehydration, thermal stability and thermal decomposition of the isolated compounds.

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid 4-methoxybenzoates of heavier trivalent lanthanides

Solid-state Ln-4-MeO-Bz compounds, where Ln stands for trivalent Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y and 4-MeO-Bz is 4-methoxybenzoate, have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy and complexometry were used to characterize and to study the thermal behaviour of these compounds. The results led to information about the composition, dehydration, phase transition, coordination mode, structure, thermal behaviour and thermal decomposition of the isolated compounds. The phase transition observed in the some compounds has been reported for the first time. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and its major transformation product in soil samples by liquid chromatographic analysis

The 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most applied herbicides around the world to control broad leave herbs in many crops: In this study, a method was developed for simultaneous extraction and determination of 2,4D and its major transformation product, i.e., the 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), in soil samples. The herbicide and its degradation product were extracted twice from soil samples, after acidification, by dichloromethane on ultrasound system for 1 h. Both extracts were combined and filtrated in qualitative filter paper and Celitee. The total extract was concentrated in rotatory evaporator, dried under N-2 and finally dissolved in 1 ml of methanol. High Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV detection at 230 nm was used for analysis. Recoveries were obtained from soil samples fortified at 0.1, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mg kg(-1) levels and the results varied from 85 to 111% (for 2,4-D) and from 95 to 98% (for 2,4-DCP). For both compounds, the limits of quantification were 0.1 mg kg(-1), which were the loss level at which the accuracy and the precision were studied. Nevertheless, the limits of detection, calculated by considering the blank standard deviation and the minimum concentration level, were 0.03 and 0.02 mg kg for 2,4-D and 2,4-DCP, respectively. This proposed method was applied to soil samples of eucalyptus crops, which was previously treated with the herbicide. Despite that, neither 2,4-D nor its degradation product were detected 30 days after the herbicide application. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. B.V. All rights reserved.

Thermal behaviour of malonic acid, sodium malonate and its compounds with some bivalent transition metal ions

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Thermal behaviour of fumaric acid, sodium fumarate and its compounds with light trivalent lanthanides in air atmosphere

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid 2-methoxybenzoates of trivalent metals

Solid-state Ln(L)(3) compounds, where Ln stands for trivalent Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y and L is 2-methoxybenzoate have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy and complexometry were used to characterize and to study the thermal behaviour of these compounds. The results provided information on the composition, dehydration, coordination mode, structure, thermal behaviour and thermal decomposition.

Synthesis, thermal properties and spectroscopic study of solid mandelate of light trivalent lanthanides

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)