CONDUTIVIDADE ELÉTRICA em SEMENTES DE TOMATE (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.)

Sementes de tomate, sendo dois lotes comerciais do cultivar Petomech e dois lotes do cultivar Santa Clara, foram estudados com o objetivo de se avaliar as variações nos resultados de teste de condutividade elétrica, em função do período de embebição (6, 12, 18 e 24 horas) e do número de sementes utilizadas no teste (25, 50 e 100), procurando-se relacionar os resultados com a emergência das plântulas e o desempenho das sementes em outros testes, em tres épocas de avaliação. Os resultados obtidos mostraram comportamento diferenciado dos cultivares, com valores mais altos de condutividade elétrica para as sementes do cultivar Petomech. Observaram-se também diferenças acentuadas entre os dois lotes do cultivar Petomech em termos de condutividade. Os acréscimos dos valores de condutividade com o decorrer da embebição corresponderam a queda no vigor das sementes independentemente do cultivar.

Reguladores vegetais e a anatomia da folha de tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Ângela Gigante

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar os efeitos dos reguladores vegetais GA3 50 mg.l-1, NAA 100 mg.l-1, CCC 1500 mg.l-1 e SADH 3000 mg.l-1 em folhas de tomate, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. 'Ângela Gigante'. Os promotores de crescimento aumentaram o número de estômatos por milímetro quadrado na epiderme adaxial e diminuíram o número de células epidérmicas em ambos os lados da folha. em relação ao controle, os retardantes de crescimento aumentaram em maior nível a espessura do parênquima lacunoso do que os promotores de crescimento.

Sucção de alta potência no controle das partículas emitidas pelo sistema de abrasão a ar em consultório odontológico

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a deposição de óxido de alumínio no campo operatório do cirurgião-dentista durante a utilização do sistema de abrasão a ar em consultório odontológico, bem como a efetividade da sucção de alta potência na captação desse pó. Por meio de um dispositivo para a coleta das partículas nos locais correspondentes às posições e distâncias de trabalho do profissional, dentes artificiais foram abrasionados. O sistema de sucção empregado para aspiração das partículas foi o de alta potência com sugador de saliva convencional e sugador com abertura ampliada por funil. A mensuração das partículas foi determinada pela quantidade em massa de óxido de alumínio depositada em placas de Petri. Os resultados obtidos por meio de estatística descritiva gráfica revelaram que a maior quantidade de pó se encontrava a 20 cm do operador e na posição de trabalho 9h, quando foi utilizado o sugador de saliva convencional. Uma vez comprovado que a sucção não é totalmente eficiente na aspiração do pó de óxido de alumínio, reforça-se a importância da proteção individual apropriada para o emprego seguro do sistema de abrasão a ar para pacientes e, principalmente, para os profissionais que trabalham com este tipo de tecnologia.

Influência das épocas de cultivo e do estabelecimento do consórcio na produção de tomate e alface consorciados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reação de microimunodifusão em gel de ágar no diagnóstico sorológico da paracoccidioidomicose

Utilizou-se técnica de microimunodifusão dupla em gel de ágar para a medida quali e quantitativa de anticorpos circulantes anti - P. brasiliensis, comparando-se os resultados com o macrométodo. Todos os 103 soros de pacientes portadores de paracoccidioidomicose foram positivos no micrométodo contra 87% de positividade no macrométodo. Os 83 soros de pacientes sem paracoccidioidomicose foram negativos em ambas as reações. Os títulos dos soros positivos tenderam a ser mais elevados no micrométodo, que forneceu bandas de precipitação mais nítidas e fáceis de serem lidas. O micrométodo é de realização simples, utiliza pequena quantidade de material e possibilita o teste simultâneo de 102 soros. Acreditamos que ele poderá substituir o macrométodo, especialmente em laboratórios de grande rotina sorológica.

Resíduos de fentoato em tomate

The objective of the present research was to study the degradation and the persistence of phenthoate (Elsan 50 CE) residues in tomato fruits. The experiment was set in a tomato field located in Mombuca, State of São Paulo, Brazil, after 45 days from seedlings transplantation. Dosages of 600 (A), 800 (B), 1200 (C) and 1600 g a.i./ha (D) were sprayed at the beginning of the ripening period of fruits. Samples of 15 fruits each were collected 1, 4, 10, 20 and 40 days after products spraying. The utilized procedure consisted of extraction with acetone and purification by partition with dichloromethane. The purified extract was concentrated and injected into a gas chromatograph equipped with alkaly flame ionization detector (AFID). The limits of detection were of 0,01 ppm for this product. The recovery percentage from fortified samples varied from 60 to 81%. The degradation and the persistence half-lives were 1 to 2 and 3 to 6 days for phenthoate, respectively.

Potencial alelopático de Ipomoea fistulosa sobre a germinação de alface e tomate

The objective of the present research was to determine the allelopathic potential of Ipomoea fistulosa plants on germination and growth of seedlings. In laboratory, lettuce and tomato seeds were placed to germinate in the presence of water or Ipomoea fistulosa leaf extract, in the concentrations of 5, 10 e 15% (p/v). In greenhouse, seeds were placed to germinate in trays containing Plantmax (R) substrate and Plantmax (R) substrate + Ipomoea fistulosa dry leaf residue, at 3% (w/w). The aqueous extract inhibited germination, raised the mean germination time of the seeds and reduced the radicle and hypocotyl growth in all used concentrations. In greenhouse, the plant height, leaf number, and dry mass accumulation also were reduced in the presence of the leaf residue in the substrate. The results suggest the presence of allelochemicals in Ipomoea fistulosa and demonstrate the highest sensitivity of lettuce that tomato to these compounds.

Atividade da beta-glucuronidase no suco gástrico e mucosa gástrica de ratos submetidos a carência proteica

An experiment was performed in order to evaluate the beta-glucuronidase activity in gastric juice and gastric mucosa of rats submitted to a protein-free diet. A group of 36 young adult male Wistar rats was fed a protein-free diet ad libitum for five weeks; a second group of 36 Wistar rats ingested a purified isocaloric 12,5% casein diet for the same period. The concentration of proteins in plasma, gastric juice and gastric glandular mucosa and the beta-glucuronidase activity in the gastric juice and gastric glandular mucosa were determined. Protein deficient rats had lower plasma protein concentrations and also lower protein concentrations in gastric juice and gastric mucosa. In these animals there was no significant change of beta-glucuronidase activity in the gastric juice, but there was a significant increase of the specific enzymatic activity in the gastric mucosa. The results suggest that protein restriction in young adult rats affects the gastric mucosa. The increase of the specific beta-glucuronidase activity might be due to heightened local catabolism or to a comparatively more severe protein depletion.

Analise de uma agroindustria de tomate na Alta Sorocabana: as relacoes industria-produtor.

Looks at the procedures used to organize producers and production in Alta Sorocabana, Brazil. An increasing subordination of the industry is leading to a loss in the competition for expansion. Spatial effects in the region and future trends in tomato cultivation are examined.-J.Robertson

Efeitos da adubação com manipueira sobre o rendimento e qualidade dos frutos de tomate

The objective of this research was to evaluate the residue from cassava, known as manipueira, as an alternative for tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fertilization. This experiment was carried out in UNESP with the cultivar Rio Grande. The experimental design was a completely randomized blocks in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement with five blocks. Treatments constituted the following: 1) witness; 2) 54 m3/ha of manipueira; 3) 108 m3/ha of manipueira; 4) half recommended mineral fertilization; 5) half recommended mineral fertilization + 54 m3/ha of manipueira; 6) half recommended mineral fertilization + 108 m3/ha of manipueira; 7) recommended mineral fertilization; 8) recommended mineral fertilization + 54 m3/ha of manipueira and 9) recommended mineral fertilization + 108 m3/ha of manipueira. Tomato yield, number of fruits per plant, fruit diameter and lenght, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA) and the ratio TSS/TTA were evaluated. The results obtained indicated that manipueira contributed significantly to yield and quality of pos-harvested tomato fruits.

Avaliação crítica da legislação brasileira de sucos de fruta, com ênfase no suco de fruta pronto para beber

The aim of this work was to critically assess the Brazilian regulations on fruit juices, with emphasis on ready-to-drink fruit juice. According to the Brazilian regulations, bottled fruit juices must follow specific regulations. They should be in accordance with the definition and designation that identify them, with the quality parameters established, and especially, follow the Brazilian food labeling regulations. The Brazilian regulations on bottled fruit juices have some gaps that promote their misunderstanding and marketing of substandard juices. Frequent changes, divergent labeling regulations and inappropriate use of expressions on the label can also lead to misinterpretation. Food regulations need to be clear and updated frequently if they are to be known and followed. Additionally, their wide dissemination should contribute to informed choices when buying.

Avaliação do estresse oxidativo no sangue de consumidores habituais de suco de laranja

Two biomarkers of oxidative stress were evaluated in healthy volunteers treated with daily doses of orange juice that is well known source of vitamin C and citric flavanones, which have been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic effects. The antioxidant capacity in the blood serum was evaluated by studying the scavenging of 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, and also lipid peroxidation was evaluated by the thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) assay. The results have shown that the regular consumption of orange juice increased 150% and 200% the serum antioxidant capacity for women and men respectively, but it was no significant change in the serum lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, the increase of flavonones and vitamin C in the body due to the regular intake of orange juice expressively improved the antioxidant capacity, but without significant effect on the lipid peroxidation.

Seleção de agentes alternativos ao ágar para propagação de plântulas de Cattleya loddigesii Lindley (Orchidaceae)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro growth of Cattleya loddigesii in alternative agents to agar with starch and physical matrix with acclimatization of regenerated plants. Protocorms with 90 days after sowing (0.5 cm of length) were subcultured in 1/2 MS culture medium among the treatments consisting of: agar 7 g L-1 (T1, which corresponds the control), agar 3,5 g L-1 with cassava starch 30 g L-1 (T2), cassava starch 60 g L-1 (T3), cotton fiber (T4) and chopped polyurethane foam (T5). Plantlets were retained in these treatments for over 150 days, and at the end of in vitro culture, were analyzed by their biometric data and acclimatized in a greenhouse during 120 days and evaluated the survival and relative growth rate (RGR). The substrate comprising of chopped polyurethane foam (T5) showed greater efficiency for growth in vitro and also increased survival rate, while substrate cassava starch (T3) provided delay for plantlet growth. Therefore, chopped polyurethane foam is recommended because of low cost and suitable characteristics for the propagation of Cattleya loddigesii.

Índice de área foliar e produtividade do tomate sob condições de ambiente protegido

The tomato cultivation in the greenhouse has been expanded in the last years, mainly, in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, whose purpose is to improve the productivity and the quality of the agricultural products, offering regularity in the production. The present study aimed to determine, along the crop cycle, the relationship between the leaf area index and the productivity, and at the end of the cycle, the components of production of the tomato in the greenhouse. The models were generated through polynomial equations of 1st and 2nd order, having as independent variable the number of days after the transplanting. It was verified that it is possible to determine, in the greenhouse, through mathematical models, the leaf area index of the tomato crop considering the days after the transplanting. Basing on values of leaf area index, the productivity of the crop and the period of the maximum productivity can be determined, aiding the farmers to determine the best sowing and transplanting time of the tomato crop.

Contribuição ao estudo de polifenoloxidase e ascorbato oxidase de polpa de Passiflora edulis (maracujá-amarelo) visando o processamento industrial de suco

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)