403 resultados para Instituição de Educação Infantil


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

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O Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) e a indisciplina são na atualidade assuntos que aparecem com forte incidência no cotidiano escolar. Algumas condutas apresentadas pelas crianças, neste contexto, são vistas como indicativos de tal transtorno e isso vem contribuindo para que crianças ainda muito pequenas sejam encaminhadas pelos educadores aos profissionais da saúde, por apresentarem na escola comportamentos considerados indisciplinados, agitados e impulsivos. A presente pesquisa tem como principal objetivo, discutir a relação entre indisciplina e o diagnóstico de TDAH, a partir da queixa do professor da educação infantil. Pretende ainda, analisar a postura dos educadores diante do processo de patologização no campo educacional, levando em conta a sociedade eugênica e disciplinar, que foi consolidada com o processo de higienização ocorrido no início do século XX, como também, construir uma reflexão crítica acerca das práticas sociais e educativas que ora se configuram, mediante a análise da educação contemporânea e do resgate histórico da escolarização no Brasil. A pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo de caso qualitativo e as estratégias metodológicas empregadas para a coleta de dados incluíram a observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas, diário de campo e análise de documentos. Os resultados foram organizados em oito eixos temáticos e indicaram principalmente que os educadores apresentam dificuldades para estabelecer diferenças entre indisciplina e o TDAH e o que é normal e patológico, o que tem causado o aumento expressivo no número de encaminhamentos de crianças aos profissionais de saúde e a consequente patologização e medicalização da infância.

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Serão problematizadas as relações entre literatura e ensino, com ênfase na história recente do ensino da literatura (infantil) na educação escolar brasileira. O objetivo é discutir a importância da leitura (literária) da configuração de textos literários para o processo de formação de leitores, assim como as implicações para a formação de professores para a educação infantil e anos iniciais do ensino fundamental.

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PURPOSE: to characterize and compare the tympanometric findings in a group of preschoolers. METHOD: 112 preschoolers were evaluated, both genders, aged from four years old to five years and eleven months old who attended a Municipal School of Early Childhood Education in the suburbs of Marilia city- SP. Tympanometry was used as triage procedure. It was considered that the child PASSED in the triage when it presented an A type tympanometric curve, bilaterally, being reevaluated in case of failure. RESULTS: it was observed a high failure index (63.4%) in the studied population. The older female preschoolers presented a higher index of A type tympanograms, in both ears. There was a higher incidence of failure in male preschoolers aged from four years to four years and eleven months. CONCLUSION: in this sample, there was a high index of tympanometric alteration. There was a tendency among younger male students to present a higher index of tympanometric alteration when compared to older female preschoolers, this difference was not statistically significant.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Introduction: Since their first month of life, babies already show alternation in their communication, in which adults have an important role, assuming interaction turns with the child through questions known as eliciting questions. Verifying this alternation incited us to analyze children’s responsive attitudes toward the questions of the adult interlocutor. Objetives: (1) describe and characterize the kinds of responsive attitudes children have to open questions; (2) verify if there are any differences between the developed and non-developed kinds in the answers. Material and method: data were extracted from 28 interviews (recorded both in audio and in video) with four male children (5-6 years-old) who attended a public Kindergarten. Results: regarding the first objective, 88.7% of the attitudes were answers to the questions, 4.7% were non-responses and 6.6% were confirmation requests. Regarding the second objective, 48.2% of the answers were developed and 51.3%, non-developed. Conclusion: Although the high percentage of answers indicates that the children showed themselves sensitive to the demands of the adult interlocutor, the small percentage difference between developed and non-developed answers also indicates that children mostly depend on their assistance to develop their utterance since they oscillate between restricting themselves to the demand of the interlocutor and expanding it.

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This article discusses literary education from early childhood, understanding early childhood as the nursery period from zero to five years. This paper aims to make some observations about the teaching and learning of reading, their relationships with children’s literature, and the formation of literary taste. It also discusses the mediating role of the teacher in the process of literary education, and the school as a space in which this mediation should occur.

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In this paper we addressed aspects of the disciplines “Curricular Training” and “Didactics” in the Pedagogy Course in training of teachers. The main objective is to emphasize upon submission of the work that we do in our teaching practice in the mentioned disciplines, the importance of linking the theory and the practice in training of teachers so that the teaching in the university it is not decontextualized but enriched with the issues of everyday school life. In this sense, we address, initially, the aspects of the Curricular training as a mediator link of the learning, of the articulation of the curriculum and of the practices and, in this view, as a productive conduit between the university and the basic education, stressing the need for the reception of the contribution that each institutions within its specificity, must provide in the training courses. In sequence, we present aspects of the structure of the work we do with our students in Early Childhood Education Curricular Training. Finally, are detailed the aspects of a Didactics for the teachers of early childhood education and for the early years of Fundamental Education, focusing on narratives of in-service teachers on their experiences teaching in search of new systematization of pedagogical practice and on by own teachers.