Problematização no ensino de tópicos do eletromagnetismo por meio das etapas da psicanálise bachelardiana

The aim of this paper is to discuss the problematization in Physics Teaching subsidized by a methodology based on the steps of the process of psychoanalysis proposed by Santos (1998) and based in Bachelard’s epistemology. The work was developed and applied in extracurricular course and it was investigated at conceptions of students of the degree in Physics from Unesp-Bauru about the topics of the electromagnetism. The data were categorized into level of complexity and showed in tables and graphs. The results allowed us to infer the conceptual or epistemological profiles of the sample investigated.

Contribuições da reconstrução racional didática no desenvolvimento de concepções epistemologicamente mais aceitáveis sobre a natureza da ciência e do progresso científico

This study inserts itself in the research line conceptions on the nature of the science (CNC) in the school atmosphere. More specifically, on that teacher of natural sciences who claims not to be interested in philosophy, it is usually noticed a tendency to understand and to teach a vision of a ready/ finished and unalterable science, which directly influences the students conception of science. Discussed here is the application of a didactic rational reconstruction in high school, the results of which are compatible with a more epistemologically acceptable educational concep tion on the nature of science as something provisory, variable and controversial.

Construção e validação de um questionário para análise de concepções bioéticas

In this paper we describe the stages of a quantitative questionnaire development that allows the investigation of conceptions about bioethical values inherent to the scientific activity. This questionnaire was statistically and semantically validated and developed according to the Likert scale. The relevance of this instrument is given by the fact that, unlike what happens in European countries, quantitative research in Brazil has little educational traditions. Therefore, this work is intended to subsidize the use of quantitative methods in Education research that lack such tools.

As demonstrações experimentais e suas implicações na motivação dos alunos para o aprendizado de conceitos científicos

As demonstrações experimentais são atividades de grande tradição na História da Ciência, sendo realizadas desde 1660 na Royal Society, por grandes expoentes da Física, com o objetivo de promover a divulgação dos conhecimentos científicos desenvolvidos.Com o objetivo de contribuir com a melhoria e o interesse dos alunos pelos estudos das Ciências Exatas, bem como a conscientização destes sobre conceitos relacionados à Energia e seu impacto sobre a sociedade e sobre o meio ambiente, temos realizado atividades de demonstrações experimentais, denominadas de “Show de Energia”, nas escolas públicas de Ensino Médio de cidades da Região de Guaratinguetá, interior do Estado de São Paulo. Em cada um dos shows realizados entrevistamos os alunos, através de um questionário estruturado, buscando avaliar o impacto dessa atividade na motivação dos estudantes para o aprendizado de conceitos científicos. Os resultados apontam para a grande influência que a realização dos shows tem exercido sobre a motivação dos estudantes.

Mídia-educação no ensino médio: uma experiência com alunos e professores

This paper describes the development of educational materials on media education as a result of workshops held for students and teachers of high school in Midialab – Media Education Laboratory of Universidade Sagrado Coração. The objectives of this exploratory research were to investigate how teachers and students learn about media, looking for similarities and differences in the performance of the two groups in order to make it possible to conclude what methodology frameworks had a best result for promoting the media literacy of each group, taking on account the characteristics of public school and the paradigms of international media literacy. The methodology involved the application of activities focusing on six strategies: textual analysis, contextual analysis, content analysis, case study, translation, simulation and production. The results suggested that such activities are a productive way to develop critical reading skill and to reduce the differences between teachers and students’ repertoire. They also presented good results in the development of language usage by them and promoted collaborative learning, in a social approach.

Análise documental da produção acadêmica sobre o ensino de evolução (1990-2010): caracterizações e proposições

The quantitative and qualitative increasing of researches in Science teaching imposes the periodical mapping need of scientific production about the subject, with a view to identify its own characteristics and tendencies. In this context, researches such as “State of art”, given his executrix character, constitute in modality inquiring that allow us to outline historical scenes for a given area (or subarea) of knowledge. In this light, this work aims to outline the panorama of Brazilian academic production, represented by dissertations and thesis, in evolution teaching between 1990- 2010. The documents susceptible of analysis were raised in three online data basis and its selection happened from the reading of titles, abstracts and key-words with views to identify the dissertations and thesis that truly approached the Evolution Teaching. The found results evidence the predominance of dissertations related to the number of thesis and the concentration of academic production in Evolution Teaching in Brazil south-east region, especially in São Paulo state. In researches trends we verified the prevalence of investigations related to the previous conceptions of students and professors (in all teaching levels) and to teacher training.

Diversidade religiosa e formação de professores de ciências: uma discussão em Habermas e um caso no ensino de Física

This article brings a discussion of the implications of religious diversity on science education as well as on teacher education. To orientate our discussion, we adopt as framework the ideas of German philosopher Jürgen Habermas on the political relationship that should govern relations between a naturalistic culture and different religious cultures. We also present a research with future teachers of physics, which aimed at investigating the positions taken by the future teachers towards non scientific models presented by students about the origins of the universe. We tried to identify, especially, the expectation of these future teachers would demonstrated about the contributing of the lifting of such models in class by students. We were able to find that most of them believe that the manifestation of these ideas could bring contributions to the discussion in the classroom. We also found that teaching practices based on communication, questioning and dialogue of the undergraduate course done by the prospective teachers has generated an ownership by the undergraduates of these practices and their potential application in other situations and other discussions, including inter-religious.

Um estudo sobre a utilização do software SCRATCH como ferramenta de apoio ao ensino da disciplina de lógica de programação

Learning to program or master a programming language is not an easy task, and the base of process should by study Logic Programming, beginning to learning through the development of pseudocodes, algorithms and flowcharts, for, techniques that facilitate the construction and understanding of what you want to accomplish, to that is subsequently developed or elaborated a program. Reflecting on the learning of Logic Programming, this article presents information about software SCRATCH in relation to logic (pseudocodes), and how it provides support to the understanding of student learning in this course.

O papel do estágio supervisionado na formação inicial de professores: investigando perspectivas de alunos de um curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e analisar concepções sobre o papel do estágio supervisionado de um grupo de alunos de um curso de Ciências Biológicas. Participaram 48 alunos de um curso de licenciatura que responderam a um questionário com questões abertas. Foram identificados 4 agrupamentos das ideias dos alunos sobre o papel do estágio supervisionado: "Treinamento profissional" que reuniu 15 alunos participantes, "Aprendizado com a prática" e "Interação com a realidade escolar", que reuniram, cada um, 12 alunos participantes e "Desenvolvimento de habilidades pessoais", que reuniu 6 alunos. Observamos que houve um predomínio de uma concepção técnico-instrumental do estágio supervisionado.

Histórias em quadrinhos como recurso didático para o ensino do corpo humano em anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental

Teaching resources involve different elements used to support the organization of teaching and learning. Among these are the comic books, involving visual aspects, both cognitive and creative, that provide an alternative way to complement the lectures. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a comic book entitled “Human Body”, focusing on the circulatory, digestive, nervous and respiratory systems, to provide an alternative resource for the teaching of the content in the initial years. The material was evaluated with students of the 5th year of elementary education at a public school in the state of São Paulo, through the use of questionnaires. The comic book proved to be valid as a complementary teaching resource for learning in students, enabling reflection on the relevance of the development and use of comics to science education in the initial years.

Qual a maior contribuição do ensino de ciências à sociedade? O que revelam professores da educação infantil ao ensino médio

Este estudo teve como objetivo mapear as concepções de professores de diferentes níveis de ensino sobre a maior contribuição do Ensino de Ciências para a sociedade. A proposta faz parte de uma pesquisa realizada pelo grupo de pesquisa Formação e Ação de Professores de Ciências e de Educadores Ambientais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de uma questão contida em um questionário, com 75 professores. As respostas foram organizadas em categorias relacionadas: à maior contribuição, às características envolvidas e ao elemento objeto da contribuição. Os professores revelam aproximação com discurso hegemônico e distanciamento das perspectivas críticas, indicando a necessidade de problematização da perspectiva política–pedagógica dos professores de Ciências Biológicas.

Inclusão digital no ensino de iluminação natural

The teaching/learning activities of the daylighting built environment require from the Architecture and Urbanism undergraduate student the ability to abstract the effects of daylight distributed in three-dimensional space that is being designed. Several tools and techniques can be used to facilitate the understanding of the involved phenomena, among which the computational simulation. This paper reports the digital inclusion of the daylighting teaching in the Architecture and Urbanism undergraduate course at the School of Architecture, Arts and Social Communication of Bauru (FAAC) of UNESP – Sao Paulo State University, that began in 2010. The inclusion process involved free software use, specifically the programs DIALux and SketchUp+Radiance, both with graphical output for the illuminated scenes visualization and for result analysis. The graphic model is converted from SketchUp to Radiance by a plugin and a user-friendly interface for Windows was developed to simulate the lighting. The process of digital inclusion is consolidated, with wide acceptance by students, for which computational simulation facilitates understanding of relation between daylight and built environment and helps the design process of elements for daylighting control.

Concepções geométricas de percepção e representação da forma no desenho

A study on means of developing of perception and reading of the form by the conception and development of a Teaching Methodology of Drawing with emphasis in its early stages, its development and application in the initial stages of the Design process, dissecting it as a mental and physical process. We will be addressing the contributions of Geometry as a mean of simplification of the reading and materializing configurations as some pointers for addressing the Drawing teaching in the reported course.

As contribuições do dialogismo de bakhtin e do signo em umberto eco para o ensino de língua estrangeira

This article discusses the dialogism in Mikhail Bakhtin and the grounds of the linguistic sign in Umberto Eco, with the intention to use the themes and authors, to support the teaching-learning methodologies of foreign language (English and Spanish) at the public school of São Paulo state. The conceptual approach of the two authors allows us to infer that learning a foreign language is effected by the appropriation of utterances and cultural knowledge, pedagogical concept that confronts the traditional method used in the São Paulo school, which is based mainly on grammar teaching and lexicons. The paper derives the theoretical research used to support a dissertation, posing and evaluates preliminary, the integration of traditional theaters in foreign language in public schools, with digital environments (in online courses), and also the educational effects -the use of audiovisual material at the classroom and online learning.

Ajustes de metodologia de ensino para atividades de Educação Ambiental considerando a unidade espacial Bacia Hidrográfica

From the concept of Environmental Education proposed by I.U.C.N. in the 1970’s and considering some of the main teaching methodologies adopted in activities regarding Environmental Education, this paper aims to analyze the methodology named Pedagogy of the Project and presenting some alterations of this method, especially in relation to considered study unity: the watershed. Some teaching techniques are also presented, as well as didactic resources and considerations regarding the questions that can be developed for the students within the teaching or evaluation process. This purpose is complementary to others already existents and can be applied in many environmental or socioeconomics situations.