Influência da queima e aditivos químicos e bacterianos na composição química de silagens de cana-de-açúcar

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effect of the chemical (urea, sodium benzoate, and sodium hydroxide) and microbiological (Propionibacterium acidipropionici + Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus buchneri) additives on the sugarcane nutritive value, ensiled crude or after burned, using a factorial scheme 2 (burned or crude sugar cane) x 6 (five additives urea, sodium benzoate, sodium hydroxide, Propionibacterium acidipropionici + Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus buchneri plus control). It was evaluated the sugar cane chemical composition, before and after ensilage. The sugar cane NDF contents increased (51.3%, before ensilage) to 67.8% after fermentation period. The highest true digestible dry matter recovery values, 83.6 and 79.8% were observed on the burned sugar cane silage treated with NaOH or L. buchneri, respectively. The NaOH, and L. buchneri showed more efficiency in reducing nutritive looses during the fermentation phase of the crude or burned sugar cane silage.

Produtividade, composição morfológica, perdas fermentativas e valor nutritivo do milheto para produção de silagem

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) ensilada com aditivos químicos e bacterianos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Corn silage inoculated with microbial additives

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Silagem de milheto e de milho na dieta de vacas leiteiras

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comportamento ingestivo de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com silagem de milheto ou milho

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of dairy cows fed corn and millet silage with a 5 mm particle size without inoculant, millet silage with a 5 mm particle size with inoculant, millet silage with a 20 mm particle size without inoculant, millet silage with a 20 mm particle size with inoculant. Five cows Holstein x Gir, with approximately 100 days of lactation at the beginning of the experiment and a mean body weight of 550 kg, producing an average of 15 kg of milk per day were used. The animals were arranged in a randomized 5 x 5 Latin square. The total feeding time, rumination time, chewing time, number of alimentary bolus, rumination time for bolus and number of chews was determined. The variables that make up the feeding behavior were not affected when the cows were fed different millet silages compared with corn silage. Cows fed corn silage and millet silage of 5 mm particle size had a higher intake of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber. A particle size between 5 and 20 mm, the presence or absence of inoculum and the type of silage with DM at 28%, does not affect the total feeding time, ruminating and resting of cows with an average production of 15.2 kg per day. The presence of the inoculant does not affect the intake of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber. Cows fed diets containing corn silage or pearl millet silage with a 5 mm particle size fed more DM.

Rheological characterisation and effect of abiotic factors on the antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan-based hidrogels containing alpha-hydroxy acids

The aim of this study was to investigate the rheological properties and antibacterial efficacy of chitosan/ alpha-hydroxy acids (lactic acid and glycolic acid) and cellulose polymers, both in hydrogels, in order to produce a formulation with improved activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus, which can potentially be used in the treatment of acne. The rheological characterisation of the hydrogels was examined using continuous shear and viscoelastic creep. The antibacterial activities of formulations were performed by the well diffusion and broth microdilution. The hydrogels formulated with only chitosan showed pseudoplastic behavior while the chitosan hydrogels with cellulose polymers presented viscoelastic properties. The antibacterial activity was proportional to AHA and chitosan concentration. It was enhanced at low pH values and with high molecular weight chitosan and did not change with the incorporation of two cellulose polymers. The antibacterial mechanism of chitosan has currently been hypothesized as being related to surface interference. The results show that chitosan - based hydrogels containing AHA and cellulose polymers are viscoelastic,indicating good applicability onto the skin, and they present bacterial activity under various experimental conditions.