31 resultados para Homossexualidade
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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O preconceito se caracteriza como uma atitude desfavorável em relação a um indivíduo ou a um grupo, que deriva de opiniões ou crenças na direção do inferior ou negativo, sem ponderação ou conhecimento dos fatos. Ele geralmente está relacionado a características específicas, como por exemplo, a orientação sexual. O preconceito existe em toda a sociedade, sendo encontrado, também, na escola e nas universidades. A escola se caracteriza como um espaço de (re) produção da heteronormatividade, o que leva à (re) produção da homofobia. Os professores de Ciências e Biologia abordam, nos conteúdos específicos de suas disciplinas, questões referentes à sexualidade, o que faz com que se caracterizem como figuras fundamentais para promover reflexões sobre a diversidade sexual e o preconceito dentro da escola. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e compreender elementos da representação sobre (homo) sexualidade e homofobia em alunos de um curso de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Licenciandos em Ciências Biológicas, num total de 69, responderam a um questionário, que foi elaborado, visando facilitar a exposição de idéias, crenças e concepções acerca da homossexualidade e da homofobia. Os resultados indicam que, embora alguns alunos encarem a homossexualidade de forma natural, inclusive condenando a homofobia, muitas vezes a aparente naturalidade encobre concepções preconceituosas e heteronormativas; mostrando que o preconceito velado ou implícito está presente nos discursos e crenças de licenciandos em Ciências Biológicas. Em alguns itens do questionário foi possível perceber ainda concepções explicitamente preconceituosas. Faz-se necessária, portanto, uma reflexão nas instituições formadoras de professores, que leve à reformulação dos cursos de licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, ....(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Este trabalho sustenta-se em uma compreensão de que a Educação Escolar e a Educação Sexual são processos que ocorrem na relação com o contexto social e histórico. No campo da sexualidade, o contexto social determina padrões de normalidade baseados na ideia de heteronormatividade compulsória, o que discrimina a diversidade sexual. Esta questão é ilustrada com dados de pesquisa que demonstram o relato de professores de escolas públicas sobre a homossexualidade evidenciando a falta de conhecimento sobre o assunto, o preconceito e as dificuldades em tratar o tema na escola. Ressalta-se, portanto, a importância da inserção do tema sexualidade na formação inicial e continuada dos professores.
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Childhood sexuality is a polemic theme among pre-school educators. This text describes an extension project that aimed to observe the manifestation of children’s sexuality in a pre-school and to intervene by offering a space for dialogue, reflection and better understanding about childhood sexuality. The participants were seven teachers and whole group of children from a selected pre-school. It was observed (1) among the educators: the different games applied according to gender; how tolerant the teachers were regarding to boys bad behavior; vigilance against the homosexuality and constant motivation to female vanity and beauty. (2) Among the children: sexist stereotypes; manifestations of racism and prejudice; curiosity and interest about the body and sexuality and the use of insulting words concerning body beauty. The teacher education discussed theoretical and practical issues about the development of the sexuality in the childhood and the sexual education of their students. The project observed that a sexual education project can be put into practice in a pedagogical and ethical way in a pre-school environment.
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The school and its teachers have great responsibility in the formation of gender identities. Ten teachers of a public schools participated in a semi-structured interview for the analysis of the content. The teachers perceive gender relations among the students, by their behaviors in the classroom: how quickly are the boys and the whim of the girls, the choice of colors and academic performance distinguished. They also have a concerned about the supposed homosexuality of some boys. The justification on perceived gender differences in students were assigned to the influence of family and to the reproduction of hegemonic standards of gender. Most teachers believe that school has little responsibility in gender issues, highlighting the poor training they had to work with sexual education of their students.
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Sexuality device authorizes families to become the guardians of its members’ sexuality, ensuring the exclusion of any kind of dissidence from heteronormativity by means of reinforcement of homophobia. This paper presents the analyses of female participants who are dissident of heteronormativity. They were accessed through snow-ball technique and were interviewed. After transcribing their interviews, the researcher produced narratives of their lives with were corroborated with the participants. Data were analyzed from a poststructuralist perspective. By then, we privileged the study of the manifestation of homophobia in the family, developing a genealogy of their detractors effects, but also highlighting modes of resistance to it. This locus of manifestation of homophobia, obscured by the intimacy of the private world, is still a fairly discussed topic in national studies and maximizes the damage caused by discrimination in macro social spaces. We pointed out, then, family as an important target of action for public policies which aim the protection of human and civil rights, as well as all kinds of violence and discrimination.
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This article aims at to count the history about the homoerotism among women in the western societies and in the modernity seeking to notice what bases stigmata and stereotypes on lesbianity at the present time. For that, it was collected in scientific works about feminine sexuality and homosexuality information regarding the lesbianity theme – scarce and of difficult access. The macho system and the phallocentrism put a mantle on that history, making it invizibilizated and ilegitimated. Removing the lesbianity from the obscurantism could contribute to the reflection on public policy issues that pertain to lesbian women and with homoerotic relationships and practices and contribute for the production of life quality for people that are moved by binary perspectives of stigmata and stereotypes. That research was financed by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP, and accomplished by the PósGraduation Program of the Universidade Estadual Paulista – Campus of Assis SP.
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This article aims to present the results of a research about the links among homophobia, subjectivation processes and constructions of gender and sexual identities in a small city in the interior of São Paulo State. The main research question that guided us was: how homophobia regulates the desire and the “transit between the closets” among the so called gay people in a small city? To answer that question we made interviews that were analyzed and transformed into narratives of four cisgender men of different ages who call themselves homosexual or who have had homoerotic practices with other men. All participants live in the same city, do not know one another and have lived most of their lives city. We have problematized how these participants gave meaning to the experiences of regulation of their sexuality that have been aroused by homophobia and by the device of closet. Analyses indicated that the 'closet' can both regulate and oversee their lives, limiting their possibilities of desiring, but also may raise resistance, from which it is possible to establish a relationship with another ethical life, that is, producing other ways of life in the small city.
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This paper presents a non-heterosexual young lady s Narrative Life History. By presenting it, we aim to understanding how desire, (in)visibility and the processes of exclusion are articulated in relation to the experience of homoeroticism, especially within the family. By this, we are able to point out some homophobic aspects, modes of how the device of closet operates and how some expectations and demands exert pressures over a non-heterosexual member in the family. In this case study, the way her family lived her sexuality depended on a strong family ties, such as: the secret about sexuality. Such secret, according to our hypothesis, was produced and preserved by homophobia which served as the major aspect on the construction of gender and (dis)unity of the family. This work is part of a in progress doctoral thesis, sponsored by FAPESP Fundação para o Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo.
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This is a survey conducted in 2009 with 2,282 students of both sexes enrolled in the three grades of high school in three cities of the west of Sao Paulo state (Assis, Presidente Prudente and Ourinhos). The data collection instrument was a self-administered and anonymous questionnaire with 131 questions. In this article, we reflect on how in schools the research participants reproduce and reinforce the hegemonic discourses of control of sexualities guided by the attempt to promote heterosexuality as the only form of sexual intelligibility, to the detriment of other forms of expression of sexuality. We discuss how homophobia and the devices of social control of sexuality (re) produce prejudices and stereotypies, resulting in vulnerabilities that non-heterosexual teenagers have, such as homophobic victimization, social and affective isolation, ideations and suicide attempts. The study shows that the invariant were discrimination, homophobic violence and the insults that are perpetrated in the values and discourses of adolescents at school and in their family, demonstrating the institutionalization of homophobia as a regulatory practice of the psychological and social construction of gender and sexual identities. We highlight how important it is for the school to appropriate the means of deconstruction of heterocentric normativity to preserve the rights and citizenship of the people who do not identify with the prevailing models of heterosexuality.
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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR
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Pós-graduação em Educação Sexual - FCLAR
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Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS
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Esse trabalho objetiva o estudo da sexualidade na Idade Média, a fim de analisar as marcas construídas pela história que contribuíram para a formação dos pensamentos fortemente presentes na sociedade contemporânea relacionados à homofobia. A Idade Média foi um período de grandes mudanças na sociedade, onde houve a disseminação de pensamentos relacionados à sexualidade que prejudicaram a vida de muitas pessoas, inclusive dos homossexuais. Portanto, para a realização dessa pesquisa serão considerados os acontecimentos marcantes sobre a sexualidade nessa época. Desse modo, considerando as concepções construídas e passadas de geração em geração, presenciamos atualmente grande ocorrência de episódios de preconceito e violência contra homossexuais, justificadas com argumentos fundamentados em ideias de tempos remotos. Assim, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, buscaremos compreender essas marcas deixadas pelo tempo utilizadas até hoje como instrumentos de preconceito e violência e geradoras de um fator contemporâneo, a homofobia